UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
CHINA Farmers’ Dance From China’s Korean Ethnic Group
Inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009
People of China’s Korean ethnic group perform Farmers’ Dance
Gathering in fields or villages during community festivals, members of the Korean ethnic group in Jilin and other provinces in northeast China offer a traditional sacrifice to the God of the Land to pay homage to nature and pray for good fortune and a plentiful harvest. This is the beginning of the farmers’ dance of China’s Korean ethnic group, a popular folk practice passed on by senior members of a community to younger generations. Musicians play oboe-like suona, bell-shaped gongs and a variety of drums, while masked or unmasked dancers move farcically to the accompaniment.
The dance is inspired by the motions of farming, which it imitates through gestures such as “walking the field ridges.” Spreading from its agricultural origins to the people of the Korean ethnic group of all walks of life in both urban and rural areas, the dance has evolved considerably since it was introduced to China at the end of the 19th century. As the product of accumulated labor and wisdom, the farmers’ dance remains an important expression of the cultural heritage of China’s Korean ethnic group.
Gesar Epic traditional singers
CHINA Gesar Epic Tradition
Inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009
The Tibetan, Mongolian and Tu ethnic groups in west and north China share the story of the ancient hero King Gesar, sent to heaven to vanquish monsters, depose the powerful, and aid the weak while unifying disparate tribes.
The hundreds of myths, folktales, ballads and proverbs handed down as part of the tradition not only serve as a form of major entertainment in rural communities, but also educate listeners in history, religion, custom, morality and science.
按实验方法，分别加入0～5mL 10g/L天然高分子表面活性剂阿拉伯树胶溶液、10g/L非离子表面活剂曲拉通-100溶液和10g/L阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基氯化胺溶液作为增敏剂，考察3种表面活性剂对体系灵敏度的影响。结果表明：阿拉伯树胶溶液增敏性好，当阿拉伯树胶溶液用量在1～2mL时体系吸光度最大且恒定，吸光度比用曲拉通-100溶液时提高达35%；十二烷基二甲基氯化胺溶液对体系灵敏度影响较小。实验选取1mL的阿拉伯树胶溶液。
The singers and story- tellers who preserve the Gesar epic tradition perform episodes of the vast oral narrative (known as “beads on a string”) in alternating passages of prose and verse with numerous regional differences. Tibetan masters carry bronze mirrors and use facial expressions, sound effects and gestures to enhance their singing, while Mongolian performers are accompanied by fiddles and intersperse improvised, melodic singing with musical storytelling and oral narrative.
综上所述，采用中医辨证联合NP方案化疗对肺癌患者予以治疗，能够有效改善患者的细胞免疫功能，降低血清肿瘤标志物水平，且毒副作用小，能够提升患者的生存质量，值得参考借鉴。
Squeezing marula fruits
NAMIBIA Oshituthi Shomagongo
The Oshituthi Shomagongo (Marula Fruit Festival) is a celebration that lasts 2-3 days between March and April, uniting the eight Aawambo communities of north Namibia through the consumption of omagongo, a beverage made from marula fruit.
Inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2015
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In preparation for the festival, men carve wooden goblets and small serving gourds, and tools from cattle horns to pierce the fruit.
Epic performances, often accompanied by rituals such as offerings and meditation, are embedded in the religious and daily lives of the community. For example, when a child is born, passages about King Gesar’s descent into the world are sung.
Meanwhile, women make the baskets and clay pots used for processing omagongo, gather the ripened fruit with the help of young people, and extract and ferment the juice in clay pots for two to seven days. During the process, they discuss issues that affect them, such as family problems, sing traditional songs, recite poems and share knowledge about basketry and pottery-making.
ZHANG Jian-hua, SHEN Yi, HE Yu-qiong, HAN Ting, QIN Lu-ping, ZHANG Qiao-yan
Processing the marula fruits brings old and young people together to share knowledge and skills, which are transmitted informally through observation, active participation and emulation.
Once the fermentation process is complete, community members and guests are served omagongo and traditional cuisine. The festival is a relaxed social gathering.