Will New Disciplinary Rules for Students Be Effective?
China’s Ministry of Education recently posted on its official website a draft of rules regarding how teachers in primary and middle schools should carry out student discipline, asking for suggestions and comments from society. The draft has more explicit rules than ever before on what kind of discipline teachers are allowed to practice in specifi c circumstances, so that they will not have to worry about repercussions from students or parents.
The announcement of the draft is being applauded by those who believe that such rules are long overdue. Teachers nowadays tend to turn a blind eye to misdeeds by students, fearing that their interference will bring disaster upon themselves, as there is no lack of examples of teachers being rebuked or even beaten by parents for disciplining their children. However, a rise in campus bullying is believed to stem from the absence of necessary school discipline.
获取引发式语料的方法主要有口头报告、角色扮演、话语补全任务、多项选择任务、分级任务、访谈和日记等。下面逐一介绍这些方法，重在讲明它们各自的适用范围和所针对的目标语料，因为只有明确了每种方法能做什么和不能做什么，善做什么和不善做什么，才能根据具体研究问题选择具体研究工具，才能发挥每种工具的最大效用，做到对症下药，有的放矢。
Although, on the whole, the rules have been well-received by the public, some people worry that once teachers are granted the right to discipline, they will act at their own discretion, which means more detailed explanations of the practices are needed.
(3)电气管道。出入口、密闭门、连通口防护密闭门门框墙上均应预埋4～6根热镀锌备用钢管，管径一般为50～80 mm，管壁厚度≮2.5 mm，并均应做防护密闭处理。对设有临战封堵出入口的人防工程，电源进线不得从临战封堵区域进入，而应通过在下垂梁、墙体或顶板中的预埋防护密闭套管内进入。
Educational discipline is undoubtedly necessary. Currently, there is a voice loudly calling for happy education, claiming that “there are no bad students but only teachers who can’t teach well.” This kind of concept is turning a blind eye to the fact that all students are different and to the positive function of discipline. In this sense, the rules are good news, since they make clear what can and cannot be done, so that student discipline can be practiced in a legal way at school.
Forum is a column that provides a space for varying perspectives on contemporary Chinese society. We invite you to submit personal viewpoints on past and current topics (in either English or Chinese).
dingying@bjreview.com
Please provide your name and address along with your comments
Wang Shucheng (China Youth Daily): Teachers’ disciplining of students has increasingly become a sensitive topic. Usually, the focus is on whether disciplining itself is proper or whether it will incur parents’ antipathy. But little attention is paid to whether it is effective or necessary. This kind of cautiousness has led to the absence of standards and coalescing of discipline in primary and middle schools.
More clarification
普通投票方法可以分为均等投票和赋权投票两类，赋权投票是给投票专家赋予不同权重，均等投票则是以相同权重进行投票。根据应用背景需求，按投票原则又可以分为一票否决，一致表决，大数原则和阀值表决等[35]。对于回归问题，可以通过平均值，加权求和，中位数，最大数等方式进行整合[37]。
Dear Readers,
The document seeks to make clear distinctions between discipline and physical punishment, forbidding teachers to conduct the latter in any form. However, some things remain unclear. For example, one article reads that teachers should “properly demand the student do more sports.” What exactly does “properly” mean? Is there a criterion? And what kind of sports should be required? In addition, there are not many new practices for teachers to adopt, since many in the document are already in use.
Zhang Huihong (www.people.com.cn): To standardize a teacher’s right to discipline students in the form of laws will make the process more persuasive and effective.
Regardless, the rules are just a draft. It is necessary to explain them and win more understanding and support from the public. In such a vast country as China, it’s possible that some schools in some places are able to follow the rules while others are still unable to for various reasons.
Yan Nong (Beijing Youth Daily): In recent years, there has been an increasing sense of rights and self-protection on the part of students and their parents. A certain type of discipline, which is meant to be good for students, may be read as a disguised form of degradation, even though teachers believe it’s within the range of student discipline. Sometimes, discipline can also cause uncomfortable feelings, both physically and psychologically, so it’s hard to decide whether certain acts of discipline are proper and reasonable.
Since primary and middle school students are still minors, educational discipline should be based on protection, and that’s why Chinese laws and regulations explicitly ban physical punishment of students.
Protecting everyone’s rights
To make clear their rights to discipline students will help to maintain basic order in schools and daily teaching work. Meanwhile, they will also have clear steps to follow that are designed to cope with specifi c situations.
In ancient times, the belief was that outstanding students were guided by strict teachers, but nowadays, using positive feedback is the trend, and clearly defined student disciplinary rights for teachers are needed. This is a process of the rational evolution of educational concepts. The addition of educational discipline demands consensus among schools and parents. Indeed, love and care is important in education, but without necessary discipline, students will ultimately be victims of loose rules.
It’s important that oral education play a dominant role in managing students, but this does not mean schools cannot apply necessary disciplinary practices. Educational discipline allows students to understand the price of doing what they should not, so that they can develop respect for rules. Of course, teachers have the right to discipline students, a right granted by their profession.
Fang Qingjiang (Workers’ Daily): Today, students who like to play tricks or hate to study face criticism from their teachers, but it is void of any strict discipline. Reproach alone often fails to persuade students to improve their behaviors.
Liu Hao (tl.wenming.cn): Teachers are obligated not only to impart knowledge but also to help students correct their daily behaviors if they breach school rules or don’t have much interest in schoolwork. Before the draft of the new rules came out, there were few explicit regulations on how teachers should discipline students. What often happens is that parents will complain about teachers or even rebuke and hit them if they think they have said or done something that has hurt their children. With these precedents as warnings, teachers usually refrain from doing anything to discipline students even if they have made serious mistakes. School bullying and juvenile crimes are on the rise in recent years and are suspected of being related to the absence of school discipline.
Meanwhile, teachers should know that they can’t practice discipline haphazardly, but need to strictly follow the new rules.
Schools are places where students are supposed to learn and build good character. A tranquil academic atmosphere should not be compromised by a fraction of disobedient students. Teachers must be brave enough to discipline students who bully classmates or even vilify or beat up teachers. As for this type of student, according to the draft, he or she should be suspended from class, disciplined or transferred to another school that is capable of dealing with him or her. Thus, the rules will help to deter these students and standardize their behavior at school.
STM32的通用定时器既可以用于测量输入信号的脉冲长度即输入捕获，也可以用于产生输出波形即输出比较和PWM波。STM32的通用定时器之间不会互相干涉，都是完全独立的。
Educational discipline relates to students’ rights and teachers’ accountability, and thus there must be legal reference for its practice. The draft offers an explicit list of conditions, methods and limitations for disciplining and also the accountability that teachers must assume if they abuse their right to discipline. Teachers can now resolve the dilemma of not knowing whether they should interfere, while at the same time, standardized discipline will help to protect students’ legitimate rights.
Frequent occurrences of school bullying tell us that superficial criticism is not able to deter bad deeds, let alone correct behaviors. There must be more severe punishment. Schools should show some tolerance toward students, but they should not enable bad conduct. The draft proposes different levels of discipline. The methods have been accumulated in the process of long-term educational practices by teachers, which are supposed to be accurate and effi cient.
①奶牛的呼吸和排汗增加，会引起矿物质的不足，应在日粮干物质中添加1.2%～1.5%的钾、0.6%的钠和0.3%的镁。②补充碳酸氢钠，调节体内酸碱平衡，防止失水过多和代谢产酸造成的酸中毒。③在日粮中添加某些复合酶制剂、瘤胃素、酵母培养物等，对奶牛热应激均有很好的缓解作用。④一些清热解暑、凉血解毒作用的中草药，兼有药物和营养物质的双重作用，可有效缓解热应激反应。如采用石膏、板蓝根、黄芩、苍术、白芍、黄芪、党参、淡竹叶、甘草按一定比例配制粉碎后拌入日粮中，可起到很好的作用[4]。
Strict discipline actually demonstrates schools’ and teachers’ love for their pupils. The draft stipulates that educational discipline should have caring for students as its purpose and follow the education law. The final goal is for students to obey school rules and strengthen self-discipline.
一个献给老人和时光的故事，一场返老还童的冒险之旅。全书采用布艺拼贴与绘画相结合的创作手法：红色布料和白色蕾丝花边缝制的裙子，绿色毛线作成的怪兽头发，洒满亮晶晶的小石头的海滩......故事天马行空，启示我们：对于所有的老人，最好的礼物就是陪伴；帮助他们实现生命中曾经拥有的那些梦想，是能够给予他们的最好的爱。
南水北调东线工程山东省境内某运河段模袋混凝土护坡工程全长4km，设计河底宽度150 m，河底采用平底，河底高程均为28.7 m，河道设计坡比为1∶4。该运河流域四季分明，夏热多雨，秋旱少雨，多年平均气温为14℃，多年平均年降水量为667.3 mm，降水量年内分配不均匀，主要集中在汛期6—9月份，多年平均汛期降水量为478.0 mm，占年均降水量的71.6%。
Moderate and proper educational discipline will make students realize the pain of being punished so that they will keep this unpleasant memory in mind and gradually develop the sense of following rules and systems. However, discipline is not a panacea for correcting students’ behaviors. Parents should not shirk their own responsibilities of educating their children, but they need to cooperate well with teachers to restrain their children. If students suffer from physical or psychological damage due to accidents or personal reasons, teachers should be exempted from punishment as long as they act in accordance with relevant rules and regulations.
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
标签：Will论文; New论文; Disciplinary论文; Rules论文; for论文; Students论文; Be论文; Effective论文;