孔令薇 湖北省潜江市实验高级中学 湖北 潜江 433100
中图分类号：G688.2文献标识码：A文章编号：ISSN1001-2982（2020）02-162-02
首先，我们来看一看高中英语课本（人教版）阅读课文中出现的几个句子：
1.All those events, all those countries and even women taking part! Where are all the athletes housed? (Book2, Unit 2 : The Olympic Games) house:n.房屋，房子,V.为某人提供住所
2.People in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.(Book4 Unit5:Theme Parks)run: v.跑，奔跑；经营；管理
3.I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.（Book7 Unit4 :Sharing）picture: n,图画，照片 v.想象，设想，忆起
以上3个句子中黑体字的单词意思都是我们所熟悉的，但是在该句中意思却突然不认识了，这就是近几年在高考阅读中出现的“熟词生义”。梳理近几年的高考题，不难发现“熟词生义”仍然是高考中的热点和难点，如:2019年全国卷I阅读B篇中的trip：高考原句：
Chris trips on the“-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 克里斯在发“-ld”音时磕巴了，许多母语不是英语的人在发这个音时都有点困难.trip ; n.“旅行”；v.“绊倒”，可以理解为：走路磕磕绊绊，在该句中引申为“说话磕磕绊绊”，即“磕巴”。
阅读D篇中的tap: 高考原句：
The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. 讨人喜欢的人能与他人很好地相处，从而增强校园友谊，激发人际交往能力。这些能力如能及早发掘，将会在未来的工作和生活中得以应用。tap : 熟义v. 轻敲，轻拍；生义：拍拍脑门，灵感便来。灵感便是发掘大脑的结果。employ：熟义：v. 雇用；生义：v. 应用，利用；
全国卷II 阅读D篇中的break：高考原句：
“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers”,says Florence Gold,a project manager.“我们不给学生任何休假，他们必须像NASA工程师一样去做。”项目经理Florence Gold说。break:熟义v.（使）破，碎，裂，弄坏，损坏；生义n.休假
全国卷III阅读B篇中的fuel: 高考原句：
…how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.几个世纪以来中国是如何启迪时尚想象力的。fuel:熟义：n. 燃料； 生义：v. 刺激，加强
下面是笔者从报/外刊中整理的一些“熟词生义”，一起来学习一下吧！
1.One of the best films produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, it was the first Chinese animated film to be screened at the Cannes Film Festival. 作为上海动画电影制片厂出品的最佳影片之一，它（《哪吒闹海》）是第一部在戛纳电影节上映的中国动画电影。screen：熟义：n.屏幕。生义v. 放映（电影）；播放（电视节目）e.g.The program was not screened on British television.这个节目没有在英国电视上播出过。
2.Firefighters cleared the area around the cathedral, which marks the very center of the city. 消防队员清理了标志着这座城市中心的大教堂周围的区域。clear:熟义：adj. 清楚的；明白的。 生义：v. 清理；清除e.g.The remains of the snow had been cleared from the streets. 街道上的残雪已被清理干净。
3.Chinese-Canadian model and actor Godfrey Tsao died from a sudden heart attack while filming Chase Me, a reality show on Zhejiang Television, on Wednesday.
加拿大华裔模特兼演员高以翔于星期三在浙江卫视拍摄真人秀节目《追我吧》时因突发心脏病去世。film:熟义：n.电影，影片； 生义：v.拍摄电影.e.g.It took them six weeks to film the documentary.他们拍摄这部纪录片用了六个星期。
4.Johnson had been widely expected to win ever since Theresa May, the nation’s outgoing prime minister, announced on May 24 that she was resigning following heavy criticism of her handling of the UK’s exit from the European Union. 自英国即将离任的首相特雷莎 ? 梅5月24日宣布辞职以来，外界普遍预计鲍里斯 ? 约翰逊将赢得大选。此前，外界对她处理英国退出欧盟问题的方式提出了严厉批评。
期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆outgoing :熟义：adj. 外向的 生义：adj. 将卸任的；离职的. e.g. the outgoing president / government 即将下台的总统 / 政府
5.Though China’s economic expansion has slowed
this year,it is projected to overtake the United States in next decade to become the world’s largest economy.
尽管今年中国的经济增长速度有所放缓，但它预计中国将在下一个十年超过美国，成为世界第一大经济体。project:
熟义：n.计划，项目 生义：v.预测，预计e.g.The unemployment rate has been projected to fall.据预测失业率将下降。
6.The ice could be mined and turned into drinking water for human inhabitants or even converted to fuel for spacecraft. 这些冰可以被开采出来，转化成人类居民的饮用水，甚至可以转化成航天器的燃料.mine:熟义：pron. 我的； 生义：v.开采e.g. They were mining for gold. 他们在开采金矿。
7.President Emmanuel Macron cancelled an address to the nation that he had been due to give later on Mondayevening.总统埃马纽埃尔?马克龙取消了一场原定于周一晚上晚些时候发表的全国演讲。address :熟义：n. 住址；地址；生义：n. 演说；演讲e.g. She gave an address to the Royal Academy. 她在皇家艺术院做了场演讲。
8.Turkish officials have said all Syrian refugee returns will be voluntary and observe all international laws. 土耳其官员表示，所有叙利亚难民回国将是出于自愿的，并遵守所有国际法.observe;熟义：vt. 看到；注意到；生义：vt. 遵守，奉行（规则、法律或习俗）e.g. The old people in the village still observe the local traditions. 村里的老人仍然遵循当地的传统。
9.We do honor our commitment, and we will deliver on what we have promised. 我们信守承诺，我们说出来的话都是要算数的。honor:熟义：n. 光荣；荣幸； 生义：vt. 信守 / 履行（承诺)e.g.You must honor this agreement.你必须履行这个协议。
10.A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, has installed facial recognition systems in classrooms to monitor students’ behavior, sparking a heated debate online. 江苏省南京市一所大学在教室里安装人脸识别系统以监控学生的行为，在网上引发了一场激烈的争论。monitor:熟义：n. 班长 生义：vt. 监控；监视e.g. Scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather.科学家们也许可以监控鲨鱼的行为来预测坏天气。
11.The company launched new iPhones a few months ahead of the critical holiday season, as it has done every fall since 2011. （苹果）公司在重要的假期几个月前发布了新的苹果手机，这是他们从2011年秋季延续至今的做法。launch:熟义：vt. 发射 ； 生义：vt. 把……推出市场e.g. Jaguar is planning to launch a new sports car. 捷豹正计划推出一款新的跑车。
12.A newspaper printed a story about the operation. 一家报纸刊登了一篇关于这次手术的报道。print:熟义：v. 打印；印刷； 生义：vt. 刊登；发表e.g. The photo was printed in all the national newspapers. 这张照片被刊登在各全国性报纸上。
13.The act of giving gifts to adults at Christmas and even the holiday itself is foreign to some students. 在圣诞节给成年人送礼物这种行为，甚至节日本身对一些学生来说是陌生的。foreign：熟义：adj. 外国的； 生义：adj. 陌生的,和....格格不入e.g.The name is foreign to me.这个名字对我来说是陌生的。
14.Chinese President Xi Jinping will present the Medals of the Republic, Medals of Friendship and national titles of honor to outstanding people at an event to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. 在庆祝中华人民共和国成立七十周年的活动中，国家主席习近平将授予杰出人物“共和国勋章”“友谊勋章”和国家荣誉称号。mark:熟义：n. 污渍； 生义：vt. 庆祝；纪念e.g. They are planning to mark their anniversary with a big party.他们打算开一个大型晚会来庆祝他们的周年纪念。
15.Approved by Chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Jinping,1,400 medical staff from the armed forces are tasked with treating patients in Huoshenshan Hospital in Wuhan starting from Monday.经中央军委主席习近平批准，军队抽出1400名医护人员于星期一承担起武汉火神山新型冠状病毒感染肺炎专科医院医疗救治任务。task:n.(尤指艰巨或令人厌烦的)任务，工作。V.交给某人(任务)，派给某人(工作). e.g.The minister was tasked with checking that British aid money was being spent wisely.部长被指派去督查英国的援助资金是否已经用到实处。
当然“熟词生义”的词还有很多，笔者就不一一列举了。因此我们在平时的阅读中，要多积累，多看报刊杂志，如：China Daily,21st Century.尤其是外刊，如：The New York Times,BBC NEWS,Readers’Digest,Scientific American；The Economist等等，因为高考真题的来源大多是外刊中原汁原味的英语材料。
论文作者:孔令薇
论文发表刊物:《中小学教育》2020年2月3期
论文发表时间:2020/3/19
标签：几个论文; 英国论文; 的人论文; 都是论文; 磕巴论文; 中国论文; 友谊论文; 《中小学教育》2020年2月3期论文;