摘要：目的：探讨重症早期预警的护理策略在小儿手足口病中的影响分析，为手足口病的临床治疗提供相关依据。方法：将我院收治的90例手足口病患者作为临床研究治疗对象，依据护理方式的不同分成对照组(45例)与研究组(45例)。对照组行常规护理,观察组行重症早期预警护理。比较两组实验室指标水平、病变情况及患儿家属满意度。结果：观察组实验室各项指标水平均优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义。护理后,观察组重型与危重型病例(2例)显著少于对照组(10例),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患儿家属满意度各项评分均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)结论：小儿手足口病运用重症早期预警护理有助于患儿病情恢复、预后改善,患儿家属满意度会提高，临床可推广应用。关键词：重症早期预警的护理策略；小儿手足口病；影响分析
To explore the influence of nursing strategies for severe early warning on hand-foot-mouth disease in children
Abstract : Objective: To investigate the influence of nursing strategies for severe early warning on hand-foot-mouth disease in children and provide relevant evidence for the clinical treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: 90 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease patients treated in our hospital were treated as clinical research subjects. According to the different nursing methods, they were divided into control group (45 cases) and study group (45 cases). The control group received routine nursing care, and the observation group underwent severe early warning care. The levels of laboratory indicators, lesions, and family members' degree of satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The indexes of the observation group laboratory were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. After nursing, the number of heavy and critical cases in the observation group (2 cases) was significantly less than the control group (10 cases), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of satisfaction of the family members of the study group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The use of severe early-warning nursing in hand-foot-mouth disease in children contributes to the recovery of the child's condition and improves the prognosis. Children's satisfaction will increase, and the clinical application can be promoted.
Key words: nursing strategies for severe early warning; hand-foot-mouth disease in children; impact analysis
前言：手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病，发作患者一般是5岁以下的儿童，多数患儿一周左右自愈，但少数患儿在并发期甚至因治疗不当可引起并发症。手足口病的病因十分复杂，治疗阶段相对较为棘手。该疾病病程常在1周之内,若诊断、治疗缺乏及时性,易导致病情转归,变成重型或危重型病变,影响患儿的生长发育,甚至是生命安全。因此在临床治疗过程中,应对患儿进行早期预警监测,及早识别重症征象,从而进行早期治疗与干预,提高临床治愈率。为明确重症早期预警护理应用于临床对小儿手足口病疗效的影响,现对我院的部分手足口病患者实施了重症早期预警的护理策略，具体的研究分析结果如下。
1资料和方法
1.1基本资料
将我院收治的90例手足口病患者作为临床研究治疗对象，依据护理方式的不同分成对照组(45例)与研究组(45例)。对照组年龄5个月-5岁，平均(2.67±1.06)岁；病程5-55h，平均(29.83±4.54)h。观察组年龄5-54h，平均(29.69±4.52)h；年龄6个月-5岁，平均(2.65±1.04)岁。两组患儿一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，有可比性。
1.2基本方法
对照组手足口病患儿采取常规护理，包括惊厥预防、营养补充基础性护理措施。观察组手足口病患儿采取重症早期预警护理策略，针对患儿血糖、心率、体温等生命体征加强监护。若血糖监测频率为每2小时1次。针对高热原因不明的患儿，观察有无心肌炎，加强心电监护，避免发生心律异常。观察患儿有无嗜睡、精神差等神经系统症状，检查有无呕吐、恶心等表现。评估神经系统损伤程度。若存在呼吸困难、咳嗽，则对其痰液性状、呼吸频率进行观察，听诊肺部有无湿啰音，实施胸片检查，及时评估呼吸系统损伤程度。应尽早识别神经源性肺水肿，掌握其发病特点，及早给予治疗。
2.结果
表1 两组患儿护理满意度比较[n]
表2 两组患儿临床指标比较
3.讨论
小儿手足口病主要与病毒感染相关,由于儿童免疫力较差,因此,儿童为高发人群。此外,该疾病3-4d后易转变为重型或危重型,不利于临床疗效与患儿预后改善。有研究表明,重症早期预警护理可有效对患儿病情进行早期预防干预,从而有助于并发症减少,患儿病情改善,促进其生活质量提高。重症早期预警护理干预将预防病情转归作为主要目的,临床护理过程中,护理人员对患儿生命各项体征进行观察,对于体温偏高患儿予以增加测量次数处理,并对高热患儿采取物理降温方法；之后对引发高热原因进行分析,予以针对性处理,从而有助于预防患儿感染加重,病情转归。综上所述,重症早期预警护理有助于改善手足口病患儿临床症状,降低重病化转移率,从而加速患儿康复,患儿家属满意度提升,临床可推广。
参考文献：
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论文作者:郑波
论文发表刊物:《世界复合医学》2018年第02期
论文发表时间:2018/5/18
标签：患儿论文; 手足论文; 重症论文; 小儿论文; 对照组论文; 策略论文; 病情论文; 《世界复合医学》2018年第02期论文;