英语教学中的听力训练与测试，本文主要内容关键词为：英语论文,听力论文,测试论文,教学中论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
为了获得在交际中运用英语的能力，英语教学中必须加强听的训练。只有从听入手，才能进一步培养说的能力，继而培养读写能力，使听说读写能力达到全面发展。
下面是笔者几年来在英语教学听力训练与测试方面的一些做法和体会。
一、听录音，写字母
这一测试法适用于中学英语教学的起始阶段，目的在于促使学生过好26个字母的音形关。
录音：〔ef〕、〔ef〕、〔ef〕
试题：_______________________。
答案是Ff。
测试时，每个字母录音播放三次，每次间隔2秒钟，要求学生听后写出该字母书写体的大小写。
二、听录音，选字母
这一测试法可在26个字母教学结束时采用，目的在于帮助学生分辨读音容易混淆的字母。
录音：
试题：() A.EeB.DdC.gg D.Bb
答案是c。
测试时，该字母的录音播放3次，每次间隔2秒钟，要求学生听后将正确答案的代号填入题首的括号中。
三、听录音，写音标
在国际音标的教学过程中，为了使学生能正确地朗读每一个国际音标，可采用本测试题。
测试时，每个音标的录音播放3次，每次间隔2秒钟，要求学生听后能正确书写出所听到的音标的符号。要提醒学生音标必须置于方括号内。
四、听录音，选音标
为了使学生能较好地分辨一些发音容易混淆的国际音标，可选用下面的两种测试题进行训练。
录音：〔u:〕、〔u:〕、〔u:〕
试题1：( )A.〔Ou〕B.〔u:〕
C.〔au〕 D.〔u〕
答案是B。
录音：〔mai〕、〔mai〕、〔mai〕
试题2：()A.〔wai〕 B.〔nai〕
C.〔lai〕 D.〔mai〕
答案是D。
以上二例试题中的每个音标的录音播放3次，每次间隔2秒钟，要求学生听后把正确答案的代号填入题首的括号中。试题1旨在考查学生分辨单个音标的能力，试题2着眼于考查学生的音标拼音能力。
五、听录音，写单词
单词是组成句子的最基本要素。学习单词，首先应掌握音形。本测试题侧重于对单词音形的考核。
录音：
试题：____________________。
答案是Austria。
测试时，每个单词的录音播放3次，每次间隔3秒钟，要求学生在录音听完后，即写出该单词。
六、听录音，选单词
英语中有些单词的读音很相近，正确辨别这些单词的不同读音，是学习单词时重要的一环。
录音：
试题1：( ) A.break B.bruke
C.black D.brick
答案是C。
测试时，该单词的录音播放3次，每次间隔3秒钟。本题中每个单词的开头与结尾的辅音音标或相同或相似，而它们所包含的元音音标的读音则明显不同。只有会正确地朗读其中每个词，才能选出正确的答案。
录音：a person who makes clothes.
试题2：( ) A.tailor B.driver.
C.teacher D.doctor.
答案是A。
测试时，录音播放3次，每次间隔5秒钟。该测试题不是简单地听到什么写什么，或是在所给的4个答案中选出一个与所听到的完全一样的答案。它要求学生听后进行理解与转换，即把所听到的信息转换为一个单词，然后在供选择的4个答案中找出这个单词。学生只有在听懂的基础上进行理解与转换，才能选出正确答案。
七、听录音，写句子
在语言交际中，句子是人们相互交流时所采用的最基本的形式。本测试题的目的是考查学生能否听懂录音中的句子，并能将其写下来。
录音：Let's go swimming,shall we?
试题：____________________。
答案见录音记录。
测试时，录音播放3次，每次间隔5秒钟。教师除了从学生的答卷中了解是否听懂这个句子外，还可获悉学生的句子书写格式、标点符号的使用以及词汇的拼写等多种信息。
八、听录音，选句子
本测试题旨在考查学生能否听懂录音所提供的句子信息及对该句的理解、领会和转换。
录音：He's been a cook.
试题1：() A.He's been a cook.
B.He has a book.
C.He's a cook.
D.He has no book.
答案是A。
试题1通过辨别一组听起来很容易混淆的句子，使教师对学生的单句听力辨析能力有所了解。
录音：Bill's sister was very proud when he graduated from school.
试题2：( )
A.Bill's sister graduated.
B.Bill was very proud of his sister.
C.Bill was very proud when he graduated.
D.When Bill graduated from school,his sister was very proud of him.
答案是D。
测试时，上述两种试题的录音应各播放3次，每次间隔5秒钟，其中试题2的难度明显比试题1大。它要求学生在听懂录音的基础上，首先要领会录音中的句子含义，然后再在4个供选择的答案中找出一个与所听到的句子含义相同但结构不同的句子。它要求学生把听力、理解及句型转换有机地结合起来进行综合运用。
九、听录音，写课文
学生在本测试题中将听到一篇用已学过课文所组成的听力材料。听力材料的长短与语速应根据年级不同而变化。初中阶段的语速以每分钟60-80个词为宜，高中阶段的语速以每分钟100-120个词为宜。书写速度初中阶段每分钟是5-7个词，高中阶段每分钟10-12个词。测试时，听力材料听三遍。第一遍只听不写，第二遍边听边写，第三遍检查核对。教师应立足于培养学生的整体听音能力，帮助学生养成整体记忆整体听写的好习惯，不可以让学生一开始就听一句，写一句，破坏学生的整体听音听写能力。
录音：Once there were a large number of locusts in Salt Lake City.The lacuts ate a lot of crops there.The farmers tried everything to kill them,but they could not kill them all.
Suddenly,a great many seagulls came to eat the locusts.In a short while they ate up all the locusts.After that the people there built the monument to show their thanks to the seagulls.
试题：___________________。
答案见录音记录。
十、听录音，写短文
与听录音写课文不同的是在听录音写短文这一测试中，学生听到的是一篇与课文有关，结构简单，没有生词的听力材料。听力材料的长短、语速、书写速度及听写要求应与听录音写课文这一测试中的有关要求相一致。
录音：Crusoe had been in this unhappy island for more than ten months.Having made for himself a safe place to live in,he wanted to discover more about the rest of the island,He went up the brook.On the bank of this brook,he found grassy plains.As he went farther up the brook,these plains ended,and there were more trees.There he found very many kinds of fruit.He gathered a lot of them because he had thought of a good use for it--that is to dry them in the sun and keep them with his store of food.
试题：_______________________。
答案见录音记录。
十一、听录音，选答案
本测试题要求学生在正常语速的情况下，仔细地听一篇短文的录音。短文应基本上没有生词，难度浅于课文。这种测试侧重考核学生的听力理解的能力。学生在听了短文录音三遍后，要完成几个选择题。
录音：Mr.Lioyd went to the barber's every month to have a haircut.He sometimes took his small son Philip with him,and Philip sat andlooked at magazines during his father's haircut.But at that time,thebarber did not cut Philip's hair.Mrs.Lioyd always cut it at home.
Then,one day,Mr.Lioyd said to his wife,“Philip's five now,and the barber is going to cut his hair next time.”
He took Philip there the next day,and first the barber cut Mr.Lioyd's hair.Then he put Philip in the chair and said,“How do you want your hair,young man?”
“Like my father's,”answered Phifip.“With a hole in the middle.”
试题：
1.Mr.Lioyd went to the barber_______________.
A.every weekB.every other week
C.every month
D.every other month
2.Philip had his hair cut_______________until he was five years old.
A.at the barber's shop
B.at home
C.at playground D.at bookstore
3.Philip wanted to___________________.
A.imitate his father's hairstyle
B.have his hair cut short
C.stay at the barber's shop
D.please his father
4.Mr.Lioyd is thought to be______________.
A.paying too much attention to his hair
B.troubled with his son
C.friendly with the barber
D.partly beld
5.Who got his hair cut first?
A.the barberB.Mr.Lioyd
C.philipD.Mrs.lioyd
答案是：1.C、2.B、3.A、4.D、5.B
十二、听录音，答问题
本测试题要求学生先听一篇短文的录音。短文里没有生词，短文的难度浅于课文。录音听三遍后，学生应对试题中所提的问题用英语进行书面回答。它不但要求学生能听懂、领会短文的内容，而且会用英语进行组织和回答。这是一种把听力与书面表达能力有机结合起来的测试法。
录音：One night a hotel caught fire,and the people who were staying in it ran out in their night clothes.
Two men stood outside and looked at the fire.
“Before I came out,”said one,“I ran into some of the rooms and found a lot of money.People don't think of money when they're afraid.when anyone leaves paper money in a fire,the fire burns it.So I took all the money that I could find.No one will be poorer because I took it.”
“You don't know my work,”said the other.
“what is your work?”
“I'm a policeman.”
“Oh!”cried the first man.He thought quickly and said,“And do you know my work?”
“No,”said the policeman.
“I'm a writer.I'm always telling stories about things that never happened.”
试题：
1.What happened to a hotel one night?
2.Do people think about money when they are afraid?
3.What was the other man?
4.Did the first man know the other man when he was telling his story?
5.What do you think of the story?
答案是：
1.One night a hotel caught fire,
2.No,they don't.
3.He was a policeman.
4.No,he didn't.
5.It is funny and intersting.
上文所述十二种听力测试题型，发挥了录音的优势，对培养学生听的能力及以听带说，推进读写，发挥了一定的作用，不失为一种比较好的教学方法。