英语陷阱题三大设题方式例析，本文主要内容关键词为：三大论文,英语论文,陷阱论文,方式论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
一、增加冗余信息
设题者通过增加插入语、定语从句等成分，增加句子的复杂程度，造成学生的视觉差异，产生误导效果。做这类题时，我们可去掉冗余信息，答案就一目了然了。如：
例1 He believes in himself,________,in my opinion,is of the most importance.
A.that B.which C.what D.as
析：去掉插入语in my opinion后，我们可以清楚地看到后面是一个定语从句，先行词为He believes in himself 所表达的内容，故答案为B。
例2 I can hardly imagine so pretty a girl like you____boxing.
A.1ike B.to like
C.1ikingD.to have liked
析：此题实则考查动名词的复合结构，答案为C。可简化为：I can hardly imagine a girl liking boxing.
例3 The girl devoted all her spare time she had____others.
A.to help
B.helped
C.to helpingD.help
析：容易误选A。本句的主干结构为devote one's life(time，energy)to doing sth，其中she had为定语从句修饰time。故选A作目的状语是错误的。答案为C。
例4 The manager decided to give the job to________he believed had a strong sense of duty.
A.whoeverB.whomever
C.whoD.those
析：去掉冗余信息(he believed)，我们可以看出后面是一个宾语从句，且宾语从句缺少主语，故答案为A。
例5 In____old society many young wornen died by so strange and cruel____custom.
A.不填；aB.不填；the
C.the；a D.an；a
析：society既可用作可数名词，又可用作不可数名词，如具体指某社会则前面加定冠词。custom为可数名词，前面有两个形容词strange和cruel修饰，增加了难度和迷惑性。正确答案是C。
二、变换句式结构
设题者通过改变句子的正常结构，如利用省略句、强调句、疑问句、被动句、倒装句等特殊结构，造成某种搭配的假象，从而导致学生上当。解此类题时，我们只要恢复它的庐山真面目，解题就容易了。如：
例1 一Excuse me，could you tell me where the post office is?
—OK.Between the two white buildings____the post office.
A.are lying B.lie C.1ies D.1ay
析：学生很容易把buildings当作句子的主语，实际上这是一个倒装句式。恢复原状：The post office______between the two white buildings.我们可以看出句子的主语是post office，故答案为C.
例2 The millions of calculations involved,had they been done by hand,______all practical value by the time they were finished.
A.had lostB.would have lost
C.would lose D.should have lost
析：本题中had they been done by hand实际上是一个省略句式，相当于if they had been done by hand，用来表示一个虚拟的条件，而且这个条件状语的位置也比较特殊，置于主句的主语和谓语之间。根据以上分析，主句的谓语动词用虚拟语气结构，故答案为B。
例3 Every minute is made full use of_______at our lessons.
A.to workB.working
C.having worked D.being worked
析：有些同学一见到介词，后面马上用名词或动名词。这恰恰落入了命题人的设题陷阱。此题of的宾语实际上是every minute。如果把它变为主动式，答案就显而易见了：We make full use of every minute to work at our lessons.本题答案为A。
例4 Who would you rather__________with you tomorrow，Tom or Smith?
A.have to goB.have go
C.have gone D.had go
析：答案为B。我们可以把此句变为陈述句：I would rather have Tom go with me tomorrow.原来是把句子的宾语提前到了句首，go是省去了to的不定式作宾语补足语。
例5 The girl is very shy，and never speaks until_________to.
A.spokenB.speaking
C.speak D.be spoken
析：答案为A。这个句子从句省去了相同的主语she和be动词，这个句子可以恢复为：The girl is very shy，and never speaks until she is spoken to.
例6 The Smiths have three sons，one a baby,____twins of thirteen.
A.anotherB.other
C.the other D.the others
析：设题使用了省略句式，有相当大的迷惑性。受one...the other的影响，容易把the other当作修饰twins的定语而误选C。答案为D。
例7 It is the protection for the trees____really matters，rather than how many trees are planted.
A.what B.that C.不填 D.which
析：答案为B。此句是强调句，强调主语还原为：
The protection for the trees really matters,rather than how many trees are planted.
例8 ____the boy is to learn to talk.
A.How slowB.How slowly
C.What a slow D.What a slow way
析：答案为A。此题是个感叹句，词序发生了变化。slow或slowly到底作talk的状语还是作is的表语？我们不妨用还原法来还其本来面目：The boy is slow to learn to talk./The boy is to learn to talk slowy.两个句子在语法上都没有什么错误，但根据语境和常识来判断，前一句是正确的。意为：这个男孩学说话学得慢。
例9 _______he will leave for Beijing.
A.It will not be long before
B.It is before long that
C.It is before long
D.It was before long that
析：易受思维定式的影响而错选A。如果before引导一个状语从句的话，状语从句的谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来。故A明显是错误的。本题实际上是一个强调句型，强调简单句中的时间状语before long，恢复原句就是：He will leave for Beijing before long.故答案为B。
例10 Which do you enjoy__________your weekend，swimming or fishing?
A.spending B.being spent
C.spend D.to spend
析：此题考查不定式作目的状语的用法。容易enjoy受后面接动名词作宾语的影响而误选A。enjoy的宾语是which，to spend是目的状语。答案为D。
例11 —A good film is on in the cinema,what about going there?
—If you don't go there，nor_______I.
A.will B.do C.am D.did
析：条件状语中的时态有一定的干扰作用。从语境中可以知道“看电影”应该是个将来的动作，故主句要求用一般将来时态。主句部分采用了倒装形式。条件状语从句的谓语动词虽然是一般现在时，但表示的是将来的动作。故答案为A。
例12 —Jenny look shot and dry.
—So__________you if you had a high fever.
A.will B.do C.are D.would
析：第二句主句部分采用了倒装句式，增加了题目的难度。句意为：如果你发高烧的话，你也会是这个样子。所以这是一个与现在相反的假设。答案为D。
三、巧用相似句式
有些句式结构形似而实不同，出题者往往利用了这一点，来设计题目“陷阱”。这些题粗看起来非常类似于某个熟悉的句式，容易造成学生思维错觉，导致解题错误。如：
例1 —I like playing football.
—_______my sister and me.
A.So do B.So are
C.So didD.So it is with
析：如不仔细观察，学生很可能选择A。其实，应该注意这里的me。我们知道so does sb.句式是一个倒装句，即sb.是句子的主语，要求用主格，故选D。
例2 This is such a wonderful film________we have never seen.
A.that B.as C.which D.what
析：易错选A。在such...as引导的定语从句中，as常作定语从句的主语或宾语；在such...that引导的状语从句中，that不充当句子成分。此题seen后面缺少一个宾语，故后面是一个定语从句。答案为B。
例3 Tom，________sure to come tomorrow.
A.is B.be C.was D.would be
析：答案为B。很明显，Tom在这里并不是句子的主语，而是称呼语。
例4 —I like coffee with nothing in it.What about you?
—I prefer coffee____sugar.
A.to B.for C.with D.than
析：此题为破思维定式题，有一定的难度，易误选A。做题时要认真审题，注意语境的暗示作用。根据语境，句意为“我喜欢喝加糖的咖啡”，故选C。
例5 What have we said_________her so unhappy?
A.makesB.to make
C.made D.had made
析：此题容易误选C，有些同学想当然地认为横线前的一部分是what引导的主语从句，此处选made用作谓语。其实，此题应选B，to make her so unhappy为结果状语。
例6 —What do you think of the film we saw last night?
—I feel_______that the film is well worth seeing once again.
A.strong B.strongly C.hardly D.bad
析：容易误选A。原因是把feel当成了一般的系动词。that引导一个宾语从句，所以可以断定feel在此不是一个系动词，而是一个实义动词。B为最佳答案。
例7 The pollution is getting worse and worse.We must stop pollution_______longer.
A.livingB.from living
C.to live
D.live
析：受思维定式的影响易选A或B。如果仔细思考一下，A、B显然不符合语意。句意为：我们必须防止污染，以便活得更长一些。故要求选择不定式作目的状语，答案为C。
例8 In order not to befound.I'll spend the night_______in your room.
A.locking B.locked
C.to lock D.lock
析：由于受spend...doing sth.句型的影响，易误选A。lock的逻辑主语I和lock之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语，答案为B。
例9 Lily，do you remember the boss in_______company we worked during the summer holiday?He is coming to see us.
A.whose B.whom C.who D.where
析：答案为A。此题考查定语从句关系代词的选择，受思维定式的影响，易错选B。需要注意的是关系代词后面紧跟了一个名词，故应当选择能作定语的关系代词whose。
例10 What he said sounds________.
A.nicelyB.pleasantly
C.friendly D.reasonably
析：答案为C。sound在此用作系动词，而系动词后面要求接形容词作表语。这四个选项貌似相同，实则不一样。friendly是个形容词，其余则为副词。
例11 Is there a cinema around________I can see a film?
A.that B.which C.where D.what
析：此题易误选B。根据常识可以判断，看电影应在电影院里面，而不会在电影院附近，故可判定around在句中不是介词，而是副词，相当于nearby（在附近）。故定语从句缺少地点状语，答案为C。
例12 He got up early，__________to catch the train.
A.to hope B.hoping C.hope D.hoped
析：容易把后面部分看做目的状语而误选A。其实to catch the train就是目的状语，hope是伴随的一种心理状态，通常用现在分词来表示。答案为B。又如：
He lay on the sofa，considering what to do next.他躺在沙发上，考虑下一步该怎么做。
例13 He spends a lot of time________the TV set.
A.in watching B.on
C.in front of D.on watching
析：容易受spend time in doing sth.句式的影响而误选A。请注意后面的名词是the TV set，而不是TV。我们知道watch的宾语应是TV。根据题意答案为C。
例14 He is looking forward to______what is happening over there.
A.see B.seeing C.seen D.saw
析：从形式上看好像应选B，但仔细考虑一下，选B的话，这个句子的意义对吗？句意为：他往前面张望，想看一看那儿正发生什么事。故A为最佳答案。to see what is happening over there作目的状语。
例15 When he got off the bus，he found his pocket___________.
A.stolen B.picked C.gone D.missing
析：受汉语思维的影响，易误选A。请注意这两个动宾搭配：pick the pocket和steal the wallet。正确答案为B。
例16 _______nice，the food was sold out soon.
A.TastedB.Tasting
C.To taste D.Being tasted
析：粗一看似乎选A，因为food和taste之间存在被动关系。但我们认真观察一下，就可看到taste后面有一个形容词nice，故可判定taste在此用作系动词。我们知道系动词是不能接宾语的，也不存在被动语态，故选B。现在分词tasting表示原因状语。