高三重点词语用法辨析,本文主要内容关键词为:词语论文,重点论文,高三论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。
1.above all;after all;in all;first of all
above all意为“首先、最重要的是”;after all意为“毕竟、终究”;in all意为“总计”;first of all意为“首先”,用于罗列顺序。例如:
Never waste anything,but above all,never waste time.什么都不要浪费掉,尤其是不要浪费时光。
After all,he is only six years old.他毕竟才只有六岁。
There are sixty students in our class in all.我们班总共有60名学生。
First of all,let me introduce myself to you.首先让我作一下自我介绍。
2.remember sb as;remember sb for
这两个词组的区别存在于as和for之间:as有“作为……,视如……”之意,remember sb as则意为“把sb当作/作为……来铭记”;for在这个词组中表示原因,意为“由于、因为”,remember sb for意为“由于……而铭记sb”。例如:
Madame Curie will always be remembered as one of the greatest scientists in the world.居里夫人将被人们作为世界上最伟大的科学家之一而永远铭记在心。
Madame Curie will always be remembered for her discovery of radium.居里夫人因其发现了镭而将被人们永远铭记在心。
The Chinese people have been remembering and will always remember Mao Zedong as one of the founders of New China.中国人民一直并将永远把毛泽东作为新中国的缔造者之一来铭记。
3.as though;even though
这两个词组中虽然都含有though,但含义不同。as though/as if意为“仿佛、似乎”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。例如:
Madame Curie refused to treat these new discoveries as though they belonged to her.居里夫人拒绝把这些新的发现当作她自己的东西来对待。
The Chinese girl looks as if she were a Vietnamese girl.那个中国女孩看起来就像个越南姑娘似的。
even though/even if 意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。例如:
Even though it is hard work,I enjoy it.尽管这是艰难的工作,但我喜欢它。
I must say John is an honest man,even if I have opposed him.即使我是反对他的,但我也得说约翰是个诚实的人。
4.insist;insist on;stick to
insist是及物动词,其后常接宾语从句,它有两个含义:1)“坚持认为”,其宾语从句中用直陈语气;2)“坚决要求/主张”,其后宾语从句中用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。例如:
The old man insisted that the police had done wrong to his son.老人坚持认为警察冤枉了他的儿子。
The doctor insists that she(should)do more exercise to lose weight.医生要求她多做运动以减肥。
insist on则表示“坚持做某事”,它的宾语常常是动词的-ing形式,此处的介词on也可以改用介词upon,意思不变。例如:
The college student insets on/upon being sert to work where he is most needed.这位大学生坚决要求派他到最需要的地方去工作。
注意:insist和insist on后面都不能接不定式作宾语补足语,即不能说insist(on) sb to do sth。stick to表示“坚持(原则、计划、诺言、决定等)”,它的宾语多是名词rule,plan,idea,promise,decision等。例如:
Though we all think that the plan should be changed,the manager still sticks to his own ideas.我们都认为应改变计划,可经理还是坚持他自己的意见。
5.alive;lively;living;live
alive意为“活着的”,无比较级和最高级形式,多用来指人或动物,不能用来指植物。alive可用来作表语和宾语补足语,但不能用来作前置定语。作定语时只能后置,它含有本来有死的可能性,指与死相对的“活着”。例如:
Though he has been buried in the mine for seven days,he is still alive.虽然他在矿井下被困了七天,但他还活着。
He is the only person alive after the accident.他是事故中唯一的生还者。
live[laiv]意为“活的”、“现场直播的”,只能用来指动物或植物,不能用于指人。它可以在句中用作定语。例如:
He decideded to take live animals.他决定带些活的动物去。
We like to watch live programs.我们喜欢看现场直播的电视节目。
living可用于指人或指物,说明某个时候是活着的,其含义是“有生命的、活着的”,在句中用作定语或表语。例如:
There are no living things on the moon.月球上没有生命。
He is still living after so many years.这么多年以后,他还活着。
lively意为“活泼的、生动的”,可在句中用作定语、表语或补语。例如:
He had strange ways to make his classes lively and interesting.他有不同寻常的方法能使他的课生动有趣。
He told a lively stoly of his life in Yugoslavia.他生动地讲述了他在南斯拉夫的生活情况。
6.fix up;fix up with;fix upon
fix up意为“安排、确定、安顿住处、修缮”等。例如:
We have fixed up a date for the dance.我们已定下举行舞会的日期。
I can easily fix you up for the night.我可以毫无困难地安排你过夜。
fix up sbb with意为“向某人供应某物”,是美国口语的用法。例如:
Don't worry.I can fix you up with a hearing aid.It's helpful.别担心,我给你配个助听器,挺管用的。
fix on/upon意为“固定、专心于、确定”等。例如;
He fixed the picture on the wall.他把照片钉在墙上。
My mother fixed upon him for my teacher.我母亲选定他作我的老师。
On this golden prospect all his attention was now fixed.他全神贯注地看着这片金子般的景色。
7.day by day;day after day
day by day意为“天天、每天”(=from day to day),强调事物的逐渐变化,通常在句中作状语。例如:
Day by day the situation is improving.形势正日益好转。
Our life is getting beuer day by day.我们的生活一天天地好起来。
day after day意为“一天天地”(=one day after another),强调事情或动作的重复发生,通常在句中作状语或主语。例如:
He works on the computer day after day.他天天操作电脑。
Day afterd day went by,and still no message arrived.时间一天天地过去了,但仍无消息传来。
8.damage;destroy;ruin
这几个词都有“毁灭、损害、伤害、破坏”之意。damage用于无生命的东西,主要指对物造成的损失,如价值、效用、外观等物质上的损失。例如:
The bridge was damaged by the flood.那座桥被洪水冲毁了。
The groundless rumor damaged his fame.无稽的谣言败坏了他的名声。
destroy是普通用语,常指用强力毁坏建筑物、市街、城墙、名誉、计划、势力、契约等。毁坏的程度很大,常常是毁坏到不复存在或者面目全非的地步。例如:
Fire destroyed several stores in the business district.大火烧毁了商业区的几家商店。
All my hopes were destroyed by his letter.他的信使我的希望完全破灭。
ruin指因暴力或疏忽的原因造成的损坏;还可以表示天灾人祸等无形的力量彻底摧毁一件事物,特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物以致再无法修复。例如:
Heavy smoking ruined his health.吸烟过量损害了他的健康。
The severe windstorm has ruined the garden.猛烈的风暴将花园毁掉了。