虚拟语气高考考点解析，本文主要内容关键词为：考点论文,语气论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
在英语中，虚拟语气的学习是一个较重要的语法内容。它表示说话人的主观愿望、假设或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。本文结合高考试题，对其中的几个考点进行解析归纳。
考点一、考查虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的使用
1.三种形式
与现在的事实相反时，条件从句中的动词为动词的过去式，be动词一律用were，主句中的动词为would/could/might/should+动词原形。例如：
If I had time，I would attend your party.
与过去的事实相反时，条件从句中的动词为had+过去分词，主句中的动词为would/could/might/should+have+过去分词。例如：
You didn't let me drive.If we had driven in turn,you wouldn't have got so tired.
与将来的事实相反时，从句中的动词为should+动词原形／动词的过去式／were to+动词原形，主句中的动词为would/could/might/should+动词原形。例如：
If it were to snow/should snow tomorrow,we should take photos.
2.虚拟条件句中有were，had，should时，可把if省略，而把were，had，should放在主语前，用倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。如：
Were it necessary,I might resign.
Had you informed me earlier,I would not have met my uncle.
Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the farm.
3.错综时间条件句
在这种条件句中，虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。如：
If I were Tom,I would not have missed the concert last night.（现在—过去）
If they had started in the early morning,they would arrive in an hour.（过去—将来）
If you had asked him when you saw him last time,you would know what to do now.（过去—现在）
4.含蓄条件句
有些句子中，要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分，要么虚拟语气隐含在上下文之中。如：
I would do anything for her.(if I could)
We would have made a lot of money.(but we gave up halfway)
Without electricity life would be quite different today.(If there were no electricity)
5.用介词代替条件状语从句，常见的介词有with，without，but for。如：
What would you do with a million dollars.(if you had a million dollars?)
We would not have finished the word on time without your help.(=if you had not helped us)
But for the rain,(if it had not been for the rain,) we would have finished the work.
考点二、考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用
1.在某些动词后的宾语从句中，使用“(should)+动词原形”。常见的动词有：一个坚持(insist)；两个命令(order，command)；三条建议(advise，suggest，propose)；四项要求(demand，require，request，ask)。
2.wish后的宾语从句中的谓语动词有三种形式：与现在事实相反，用过去时；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/should+动词原形。
3.as if/as thoush后有时用虚拟语气
1)从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生，从句动词用过去时（be用were）
It looks as if she were sick.
He looks as though he knew the girl.
2)从句所设想的时间动作于主句谓语发生，从句动词用had+过去分词。如：
I feel as if we had known each other for years.
He talks about pyramids as though he had seen them himself.
4.would rather，had better后的句子的虚拟语气
1)接动词原形，指现在或将来的时间，表示主语的主观愿望和选择
I would rather do it today.
You had better not go dancing tonight.
2)接不定式的完成式，表示过去的某种不恰当的选择。如：
I would rather not have told her the news.She is such a gossip.
3)接从句，用一般过去时，表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成时，表示过去的愿望。如：
I would rather we went Dutch.
I would rather she had not seen the scene.
考点三、考查虚拟语气在其他从句中的使用
I.It is ordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/a pity等后的主语从句中。
It is desired that we should get everything ready tonight.
2.advice，idea，order，plan，demand，proposal，suggestion，request等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中。如：
My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting before this weekend.
3.It is(high) time that…句型中，从句的谓语动词用过去式，或should+动词原形，其中should不能省掉。如：
It is time that you sent your daughter to school.
It is time that we should start at once.
4.在含有if it were not for或if it had not been for条件句的虚拟语气中。如：
If it were not for the timely rain,the crops would die.
If it had not been for your help,we could not have finished the research work ahead of time.
考点四、用于if only引导的感叹句中
If only I were a seagull!
If only I had seen the football match!
考点五、用于某些简单句的固定句型中
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People's Republic of China!
【高考真题回顾】
1.If only he ______ quietly as the doctor instructed,he would not suffer so much now.
A.liesB.lay
C.had lainD.should lie
2.How l wish every family ______ a large house with a beautiful garden.
A.has B.had
C.will have
D.had had
3.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it______.
A.breaks B.has broken
C.were broken D.had been broken
4.______it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.
A.WereB.Should
C.Would
D.Will
5.I suggested the person ______ to be put into prison.
A.refers B.referring
C.referredD.refer
6.You did not let me drive.If we ______ in turn,you ______ so tired.
A.drove; didn't get
B.drove; wouldn't get
C.were driving; wouldn't get
D.had driven; wouldn't have got
7.I insisted ______ to see a doctor,but he insisted nothing ______ wrong with him.
A.on him to go; should be
B.he went; be
C.he go; was
D.he should to; is
8.—Your aunt invites you to the movies today.
—I had rather she ______ me tomorrow than today.
A.tells
B.told
C.would tell D.had told
Key:1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.B