打开“百馆之城”的方式
◇ 文 |本刊记者 胡 婷 图 | 游 宇
1930年，重庆首座博物馆——峡区博物馆（重庆自然博物馆前身）开馆。2018年12月，重庆文物局发布的数据显示，重庆登记备案的博物馆有100家，重庆成为“百馆之城”。
除了重庆中国三峡博物馆、红岩革命历史博物馆、重庆自然博物馆这些耳熟能详的博物馆，还有曝光率不高的五花八门的博物馆，如火锅博物馆、辣椒博物馆、红酒博物馆、巴渝民俗博物馆、巴渝名匾博物馆、钢琴博物馆……
从1到100，这不仅是一个简单的数字上的增长，它展示了一个更为丰富、更有历史、更具内涵的重庆，见证着这座城市的发展与文明的进步。2018年，重庆的博物馆接待观众3336万人次，逛博物馆已成为许多市民生活方式的一部分。
In 1930, Chongqing Gorges Museum (the city's first museum, predecessor of Chongqing Natural History Museum) opened. In December 2018,according to the statistics released by Chongqing Cultural Relics Bureau, there are as many as 100 museums put on records in the city. Chongqing is now reputed as the “City of 100 Museums”.
In addition to such well-known museums as Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum, Hongyan Revolutionary History Museum and Chongqing Natural History Museum, there are also a diversity of low-profile museums, including Hot Pot Museum,Pepper Museum, Red Wine Museum, Bayu Folk Museum, Bayu Inscribed Board Museum, Piano Museum...
From 1 to 100, it's not only a growth in number,but also a demonstration of a richer, more historical,more connotative Chongqing, as well as testimony to the city's evolution and progress of civilization.In 2018, the city's museums received 33.36 million visits. Visiting museums has become part of the life of many citizens.
床里的巴渝民俗 Bayu Folk in Bed
This big bed, covered all in gold lacquer, can be described as "resplendent and magnificent ". The staff told us that this bed came from a Dai family in Yuibei.The owner is said to have employed three craftsmen to spend three years in making it. Over 200 grams of gold was used on the bed.
青瓦白墙，翠竹深深，这里便是重庆巴渝民俗博物馆。
巴渝民俗博物馆以古床馆闻名，其中最出名的当属有着“天下第一床”美誉的六柱五檐满金雕花大床。
这张大床通身金漆，用“金碧辉煌”来形容一点不过。工作人员告诉我们，这张床来自渝北一户戴姓人家，据说主人曾聘请三位匠师，用足足三年时间制作完成，单是床上的黄金就用了两百多克。
古床保存完好，由内向外看，共有五层，每层檐板上雕刻着梅、兰、竹、菊图纹，并穿插着蝙蝠、蝴蝶、牡丹、寿桃、石榴等寓意吉祥的图案，精致繁复。
在民间，曾有“石刻精华在大足，木雕精品在渝北”的说法。在这里，共收藏有40多件清代中晚期巴渝地区各式特色古床和精品木雕家具。
除古床馆外，博物馆还设有民俗馆，展示晚清至民国时期的传统农耕生产、衣食住行、巴渝传统婚俗等。
Unlike traditional integrators using OTA, the inverterbased integrator is susceptible to clock jitter. The clock jitter is added to the input signal:
In the Bijin Park of Yubei District, a few antique buildings are particularly eye-catching.
Here, Chongqing Bayu Folk Museum is spotted among green tiles, white walls and bamboos.
在教学实践中，核心课程参考并使用过多本与课程内容相关的教材。在使用过程中，发现大多数教材都采用章节形式；内容按传统知识点进行划分，偏重于理论知识介绍，实际企业案例缺乏，没有具体岗位和任务情境，很难吸引学生的学习兴趣。另外在教材的表现形式上，多以文字描述为主，很少有图表、数据的体现，更别说了解实践中的具体操作过程，学生多反映与实际工作脱节严重。
Famous for its House of Ancient Bed, the Museum has the most renowned 6-poster and 5-eave bed all carved with gold, which is reputed as the No. 1 Bed in the World.
巴渝民俗博物馆展览面积1000余平方米，馆藏达1100余件
渝北碧津公园内，几座仿古建筑院落格外醒目。
说到底，她才是这段失败婚姻的缔造者，因为她从来都没想过何谓风雨同舟。这些年来，她习惯了躲在杜飞为她撑起的屋檐下，心安理得地享受着岁月静好，却从未意识到她所享受的一切，都源于杜飞的负重前行。可惜，现在明白，为时已晚。如果再给她一次机会，她一定要做那样的人：有足够的能力与爱人并肩前行，有足够的智慧寻找解决问题之道，有足够的意志负责未来。
“它不仅仅是一块木头，而是一个家族的脸面和荣誉。一般会请名人来题写，除了内容要贴切，还要有高水平的书法艺术。”
There is a folk belief that "The best stone carving is in Dazu, and the best wood carving in Yubei".Here are housed more than 40 ancient beds and fine wood carving furniture of all styles in the Bayu area from the middle and late Qing Dynasty.
On the left side behind the door is the area of red wine culure, where all kinds of red wine are displayed, with the introduction of the wine evolution and classification. The most eye-catching is the Red Wine Wall on the right side, where there is a dense, neat and impressive arrangement of red wine.
小匾额看古人生活 A Glance at the Life of the Ancients through Inscribed Boards
施工项目往往不能像“公司”机构一样长期存在，所以大部分制度只是沿用或者干脆空缺，部分材料验收制度不完善。在材料验收过程中，大部分只是按照约定俗成的“规矩”进行验收，这就造成在发生特殊情况的时候，没有制度依据，缺乏相应的应急机制，管理混乱，降低工作效率。
在馆长刘光瑞的带领下，我们拾级而下，发现馆内别有洞天——匾额博物馆竟是座藏在地下的博物馆。
进入展厅，四面墙上都固定着匾额。匾额普遍呈长方形，木质结构，虽然大都年代久远，红漆脱落，但是匾额上的字迹却依旧清晰。
“别看他们只是小小一块匾，虽片辞数语，这里面的学问却非常深，蕴含了古代中国建筑、民俗、文学、艺术和书法等包罗万象的内容。”刘光瑞说，匾额是中华民族特有的一种民俗文化精品，古人做匾是一件很考究的事情。
The ancient bed is kept intact. It contains five levels of eaves from the inside to the outside, each carved with the patterns of plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, spotted with exquisite and complicated patterns of bats, butterflies, peony,peach and pomegranate that imply auspiciousness.
仔细看匾上的字，我们看到“解元”“武举”“进士”“文元”等内容。刘光瑞告诉我们，这个展厅展示的是科举匾。科举分为乡试、会试和殿试三级。乡试是省份举行的最基层考试，明朝的唐伯虎有一个雅号叫“唐解元”，就因为他在乡试中得了第一名。
过了科举匾厅，还有“官匾厅”“宗祠匾厅”“招牌匾厅”“医匾厅”等。这里共汇集了3200多块不同时期的匾额，包括清代大书法家何绍基、北洋大臣李鸿章、晚清重臣左宗棠等的匾。
从轨道交通金渝站下车，沿着导航走上十分钟，就能找到红酒博物馆。
Stepping down the stair of the light rail station Fotuguan, reaching the main street of Liziba and walking along the street for a few minutes, you'll see Chongqing Bayu Cultural and Art Museum of Inscribed Boards surrounded in green leaves.
Led by the curator Liu Guangrui, we stepped down and found a different scene of the museum --it's actually an underground museum
根据教学内容，对统计知识点难易程度进行调查，按照容易、一般、较难及很难4个等级，分别赋予分值1、2、3、4。按专业进行分析，计算不同专业学生对各项内容评分的平均分（见表1）。由表1可知，所有专业学生对统计学教学内容评分最高的为t分布、t检验、u检验（z检验），平均分为2.93分；其次为方差分析，平均分为2.64分。
Entering the hall, we found inscribed boards fixed on the four walls. The boards are rectangular and made of wood. Most of them are time-honored with peeled off red lacquer, but the inscriptions on them are still clear.
首先，企业要建立健全事前风险评估机制，在制定重大战略决策时对各个方面的财务风险相关因素进行综合考虑，最大程度地将这些风险消除在战略决策实施之前，从而有效避免相关财务会计风险的出现。其次，企业要建立健全事中风险反应机制，当出现财务风险时积极组织所有员工全面应对各种风险。最后，企业应建立健全事后风险总结机制，充分了解财务风险发生机制，熟练掌握财务风险应对措施和手段，以便于有效应对这种风险。与此同时，企业还要充分分析和研究财务风险事件的本质，并把某一业务风险管理经验进一步拓展到其他业务方面。
"They're boards of small size, but the inscriptions carry great wisdom, containing a diversity of elements including ancient Chinese architecture, folklore, literature, art and calligraphy," said Liu. Inscribed board is a folk essence unique to the Chinese nation. The ancients were rather careful when making it.
来自法国、西班牙、智利、澳大利亚等30多个国家的红酒
"It's not only a piece of wood, but the face and glory of a family. Usually famous figures are invited to inscribe it. the content must be pertinent and show a high level of calligraphic skill. ”
Checking the content on the boards, we saw"Jieyuan", "Wuju", "Jinshi" and "Wenyuan" and so on. Liu told us that this hall shows the boards for imperial examinations. There are three levels of imperial examinations: provincial examination,metropolitan examination and palace examination.Provincial examination is a grass-roots examination.In the Dynasty of Ming, Tang Bohu was also known as Jieyuan Tang. That's because he won the first place in the provincial examination.
After passing this hall, we also saw the government official board hall, ancestral temple board hall, signboard board hall and doctor board hall. There are over 3,200 boards from different times, inscribed by He Shaoji (calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty), Li Hongzhang (minister of Beiyang ),Zuo Zongtang (important minister of the Late Qing Dynasty) and more.
从佛图关轻轨站沿着阶梯往下，走到李子坝正街后，再顺着道路走上几分钟，便能看到“重庆市巴渝名匾文化艺术博物馆”掩映在一片绿林之中。
重庆最大的红酒博物馆 The Biggest Red Wine Museum in Chongqing
中国传统绘画独特的空间观，不仅在世界绘画领域独树一帜，而且具有历史的超前性，打破了时空的限制，使其产生无限广阔的创造力和丰富多彩的艺术感染力。中国华民族艺术观点的形成与它所处的社会背景、文化内涵、地域风俗有着必然的纽带联系，中国绘画作品中对于“空间”营造与表达的特点与传统的中国文化和哲学思想密不可分。
这家博物馆工业主题风格的设计颇为文艺，四面高墙上都摆满了各种红酒。
进门左侧是红酒文化区，除了展示各种红酒，还介绍葡萄酒的发展历程、分类品种等知识。最吸引人的，这是右侧那堵高高的“红酒墙”，密密麻麻的红酒整齐排列，蔚为壮观。
不过根据美国农业部收集的数据，自1960年代中期，意大利式起司在美国大肆流行，每年生产数千万至数十亿磅。这项转变背后的驱使动力就是雪白的莫札瑞拉起司。这种黏稠的白色起司带动意大利起司在美国的成长，并于2010年超越美国起司的产量。
跟叶剑英一同入学的，还有几位来自朝鲜半岛的学员。其中最著名的是李范奭，这位1948年韩国独立后担任过韩国第一任内阁总理兼国防部长的革命家，到讲武堂读书时，还是一个17岁的青年。
这个重庆最大的红酒博物馆占地12000多平方米，一共有5000多个品种、100多万瓶红酒，来自法国、西班牙、智利、澳大利亚等30多个国家。
第一，在饲养和管理母猪方面不当，造成奶汁过稀或者过稠；第二，母猪生产性能比较差，奶量不足；第三，没有做好猪舍环境卫生的工作；第四，仔猪缺乏微量元素、维生素等；第五，天气低温或者阴雨天等。
工作人员告诉我们，下一步，博物馆还将设置红酒教室，开设红酒课堂，聘请国外专业葡萄酒酿造师和品酒师传播红酒文化，为市民免费介绍红酒鉴赏等知识。
Getting off at the light rail station Jinyu and walking for less than 10 minutes following the navigation, we reached Red Wine Museum.
按照春、夏、秋、冬对酱油的生产时间进行分类，不同季节餐桌酱油、烹调酱油中菌落总数≥10 cfu/mL的样品比例相比差异均无统计学意义(χ2=3.875，P=0.275；χ2=6.349，P=0.096)。
This museum seems rather artistic with the industrial style of designing, red wine placed all over the walls on the four sides.
Except for the House of Ancient Bed, the Museum also has the House of Folk Customs, which showcases traditional farming, clothing, food, housing and transportation and Bayu's traditional wedding from Late Qing Dynasty to the period of the Republic of China.
This is the biggest red wine museum in Chongqing. It covers an area of 12,000m2, housing more than one million bottles of red wine under over 5,000 categories, from 30 countries including France, Spain, Chile and Australia.
The staff told us that the museum is planning to set up a wine classroom to teach wine lesson,employing foreign professional winemakers and sommeliers to spread the wine culture and wine appreciation knowledge to the public for free.
通过世界名琴与大师对话 A Dialogue with Masters through Worldfamous Pianos
坐上公交车，在九龙滨江路广场站下车，再沿着街道走上五分钟，便能看到一座欧式风格的低矮建筑。这里便是黄桷坪钢琴博物馆。
我们来的时候正值工作日，馆内并没多少人。在满目的各式钢琴间漫步，四周竟又如此安静，感觉十分奇妙。
工作人员说，这里收藏着18世纪至20世纪世界各地的300余架古董钢琴，涵盖查克林、斯坦威、门德尔松、贝茨斯坦等世界著名品牌，是世界最大的钢琴博物馆。
这里的大部分藏品都曾经在大师的指间跳动中，奏出美妙的音符。
馆内非常安静，各式钢琴将人们带入一个与外界隔离的钢琴艺术世界
在琴王区，一台查克林钢琴外观保存完整，琴身由红木制成，琴板为雕花镂空。它产于1895年，曾是著名管弦乐组曲《动物狂欢节》的作曲者、法国著名钢琴家、作曲家圣桑的御用钢琴。百年过去了，它依然能发出优美的乐声。
钢琴博物馆内还有独立的艺术馆，能欣赏到不少大师的画作。同时，这里还设有九龙坡区图书馆音乐主题图书分馆，馆藏2万余册音乐类图书。
Getting on a bus, getting off at Guangchang Station of Binjiang Road, Jiulongpo District, and walking for 5 minutes along the street, you will spot a low-rise building of European style. That's Huangjueping Piano Museum.
It's a working day when we arrived. The museum wasn't receiving many visitors. Roaming the piano rooms of different styles, you'll find your surroundings quiet and wonderful.
According to the staff, there are more than 300 antique pianos from around the world between the 18th and 20th century, including world famous brands such as Chaklin, Steinway, Mendelssohn and Batesstein. It's the biggest piano museum in the world.
第三是要求能够建立起完整的管理会计信息安全系统与制度。信息安全是大数据时代中的重要话题，对于管理会计工作而言同样如此。
Most of the collections here were once played between the fingers of masters, producing wonderful musical note.
当今城市绿道规划建设需基于低碳生态理念，要以保护生态环境为前提，在具体的绿道规划设计中，应将低碳生态原则体现在低碳化、生态化、人性化和便捷性方面。
In the Piano King area, a Chaklin piano is kept intact, made of rosewood, with a hollowed-out and carved table. Made in 1895, it was quite often used by Saint-Saëns, the famous French pianist and composer who created the famous orchestral music Carnival of the Animals. After a hundred years, it can still produce beautiful melody.
There is also an independent art gallery in the Piano Museum, where you may enjoy a lot of master paintings, as well as a music-themed branch of Jiulongpo District Library, which collects more than 20,000 music books.
产于160年前的查克林钢琴，是博物馆的一台“琴王”(上)
藏品都经历了岁月的沉淀和大师的洗礼，反映了那个时代的历史，铭刻着主人的故事(下)
A Glance at the City of 100 Museums
Article | Reporter Hu Ting Figures | You Yu