看图写作——A Family of Three三口之家，本文主要内容关键词为：之家论文,看图论文,三口论文,Family论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
附图
这一家三口神态各异：画面中间的孩子双手塞耳，面对书本一筹莫展；他那位穿着入时的母亲正坐在他的身后，手里握着麦克风，正面对着电视机唱着卡拉OK；画面右上方的角落中，那位俨然像是一家之主的父亲，却正弯着腰坐在书桌前，像是在埋头看书，又像是在昏昏欲睡……
Description of the Boy（对男孩的描述）
1.The boy has a very sad expression on his face.
2.His face is all wrinkled up.
3.His brow is furrowed as he tries to get some homework done.
4.He is putting his fingers in his ears.
5.On his table there is a book open,a lamp and something else that I can't figure out.
第一句“The boy has a very sad expression on his face.”的句意是“这个男孩露出一脸苦相。”
要表达“面露难色”，除了用词组“a very sad expression on his face”外，我们还可以说：
He has a very unhappy look on his face.
他的脸上露出了不悦的神色。
第四句“He is putting his fingers in his ears.”的句意是“他用手指塞住耳朵。”
要表示他这样做的理由，我们不妨再加上一点内容：
He has his fingers in his ears to try to stop the noise from getting in.
他用手捂住耳朵，竭力不想听见嘈杂声。
若将这一部分的五个句子连起来，它们自然能组成一个描述男孩的段落。但在连接时要做一些处理，将一些同类结构进行合并，然后还可以将原句的顺序重新安排，使行文更简洁、更自然流畅：
→The boy,all wrinkled up,has a very sad expression on his face.He is putting his fingers in his ears,and his brow is furrowed as he tries to get some homework done.On his table there is a book,a lamp and something else that I can't figure out.
这样的处理只是技术面的处理。若将其放在使用这一范畴下，则要在第一句前加一句引言，否则将会显得太唐突：
In the foreground of the picture,there's a child sitting at his desk with his book open in front of him.
将这两个部分连起来，整个描述就会显得妥帖自然：
Description of the Father（对父亲的描述）
1.The father is working hard at his desk.
2.He is leaning over his desk.
3.He is holding his face very close to his paper.
4.He is wearing a pair of glasses.
5.He looks kind of near-sighted.
6.He is leaning over his work very closely so that he can see what he is writing.
7.He is lost in his writing and therefore he is not at all bothered by what is happening around him.
第一句“The father is working hard at his desk.”的句意是“这位父亲正在写字台前努力地工作。”表示其父亲工作专心致志，我们还可以说：
The father is completely lost in his work.
这位父亲完全沉浸在工作中。
He is deeply buried in what he is doing,and he is ignorant of all the noise around him.
他深深地投入于他正做的事情之中，对周围的嘈杂声全然不知。
He is so engrossed in his work that he is deaf to what is happening around him.
他全神贯注于他的工作，根本没有注意周围发生的事。
He is lost in his writing and so he is not bothered by what his wife is doing.
他正在忘我地写着，一点也没有被他妻子的行为所干扰。
第三句“He is holding his face very close to his paper.”的句意是“他的脸与桌上的纸张凑得很近。”我们还可以从写东西这个侧面，来进一步描写这位父亲：
The father is leaning over his desk,and he is writing something.
这位父亲正在伏案写作。
He is concentrating very hard on his work and he doesn't seem to realize the problem that his son is having.
他专注于工作，似乎没有意识到儿子面临的烦恼。
Description of the Mother（对母亲的描述）
1.The mother is fashionably dressed.
2.She is sitting in a nice,comfortable,plush chair in front of a television set.
3.She is having fun and she is very relaxed.
4.She is singing Karaoke.
5.She is singing along with the music coming from the TV set.
6.She is making too much noise for her son to concentrate.
第一句“The mother is fashionably dressed.”的句意是“这位母亲穿得很入时。”这单单的一句太笼统，后面可以再加上两句：
The mother has curled light-colored hair.
这位母亲有一头浅色卷发。
She is wearing a striped sweater and a black skirt.
她穿着一件条纹针织衫和一条黑裙子。
第四句“She is singing Karaoke.”（她正在唱卡拉OK。）的后面也可以再加上两句：
There is music coming from the TV set.
音乐正从电视机里飘出。
The mother is singing along with the tune.
这位母亲合着音调在唱歌。
She is having a wonderful time.
她唱得很开心。
Comment on the Boy（评论男孩）
1.The boy is having a hard time because in the same room his mother is singing loudly.
2.He is so distracted by the music that he cannot concentrate.
3.He is feeling bad and he hates what his mother is doing.
4.He should have said to his mother,"Mom,please turn the TV set off,so that I can study!"
5.I wonder why the boy doesn't ask his mother to turn the volume down,or to turn it off.
第一句“The boy is having a hard time because in the same room his motheris singing loudly.”的句意是“这孩子很不舒服，因为就在同一间屋子里，他的母亲正在放声唱歌。”
这一句是由because将两个单句连接而成。前半句所叙述不够具体，我们可以将它补全：
The boy is having a hard time concentrating on his schoolwork because...
从意义的角度看，短语“having a hard time”可以用“upset”来替换。但是，若用upset来替换“having a hard time”，其后也应补上相应的短语，使句意更加完整；我们先来看前半句的处理：
The boy is upset by all the noise around him（周围的噪音）.
what his mother is doing（母亲现在的所作所为）.
what is happening around him（身边发生的事情）.
在由because引导的表示原因的后半句中，我们在表达时亦可作一些变化：
...because in the same room his mother is loudly singing Karaoke.
（母亲在同一间屋子里大唱卡拉OK。）
...because nearby,his mother is making a lot of noise.
（母亲在他身旁发出很多的噪音。）
...because right behind him,his mother is singing loudly.
（母亲就在他身后大声地唱着歌。）
第三句“He is feeling bad,and he hates what his mother is doing.”的句意是“他情绪很坏，十分讨厌母亲此刻的所作所为。”
这一句是一般性的评论，口吻客观而冷静；词组“feeling bad”和单词“hate”是表示上述意义时最通常的选择；因为使用频繁，故而不具有强烈的个人色彩；下面的三句则明显不同：
(1)He is very sad because his mother is inconsiderate and is disturbing his studies.
他很伤心，因为他母亲不体谅人，还影响他的学习。
(2)He is messed up because his mother is so selfish as to consider only her own pleasure instead of considering his too.
他心神不定，因为妈妈很自私，只考虑她自己的快乐而不顾家人。
(3)He is very agitated because he can't really focus on his work at all.
他很焦虑，因为他根本无法专注于学习。
我们先来看表示原因的“because”前面的部分：第一句中的“be very sad”、第二句中的“be messed up”和第三句中的“be very agitated”要比原句中的“feel bad”口气更强烈。在后半句中，第一句中的“inconsiderate and is disturbing his studies”、第二句中的“so selfish as to consider only her own pleasure instead of considering his too”和第三句中的“he can't really focus on his work at all”都要比原句中的“he hates what his mother is doing”所指更加具体，语气也更加强烈。
学习写作的学生，要多动手练习，要善于体会各种不同的表达方法，而不要让种种以汉语形式表现出来的所谓的“精确性”来限制自己的表达。诚然，上述替换部分的意义在侧重点上略有不同，但学习表达时的一个重要使命就是要先学会各种不同的表达法。只有在你的语言水平提高到一定的程度之后，也就是当你能够比较自如地表达思想之后，你才能从真正的意义上理解其中的差别。
第四句“He should have said to his mother,‘Mom,please turn the TV set off,so that I can study!”的句意是“他早该对母亲说：‘妈，把电视机关掉，我要学习！’”
直接引语的部分亦可以这样说：
(1)"Mom,I can't concentrate with the television being so loud.Could you please turn it off until I finish my homework?"
“妈，电视机的声音太响了，我无法专心。你能不能把它关了，等我做完功课后再打开？”
(2)"Mom,your singing is loud and I can't work.Please turn off the TV while I do my homework."
“妈，你唱得太响了，令我无法学习。请你在我做功课的时候关掉电视吧。”
(3)"Mom,your singing is very distracting and it is keeping me from finishing my homework.
“妈，你的歌声太扰人了，我没法完成作业了。”
以上的第一句最委婉，将矛头转向了电视机，而且用了疑问句，因而语气较弱。第二句较为明显地表示出不满的口吻，语气比第一句要重。第三句则含有责怪的口气，语气最重。
Comment on the Father（评论父亲）
1.The father is apparently a workaholic.
2.He must have been working so hard that he has lost some of his eyesight.
3.He is totally focusing on his work.
4.He shuts out of the distractions and he keeps working.
5.He is not bothered by the distractions.
6.He doesn't care what's happening around him.
第一句“The father is apparently a workaholic。”的句意是“父亲显然是一个工作狂。”要引申一下这个表达，我们可以这样写：
Father works all the time.父亲总是没日没夜地工作。
He is completely engrossed in his work.他全身心地投入于工作。
He isn't paying any attention to what is happening around him.他对身边正在发生的事情毫不在意。
He is used to shutting out all the noise in the room.他已经习以为常，完全置身于屋内的嘈杂声之外。
第二句“He must have been working so hard that he has lost some of his eyesight.”的句意是“他一定是工作太努力，连眼睛都不好使了。”若是这样，我们还可以再加两句：
He has to bring his head very near to the paper so that he can see the words on the paper.
他必须把头凑近纸张才能够看清纸上的字。
His eyesight is not very good.他的视力不太好。
父亲之所以对母亲的所作所为听之任之，置之不理，很可能是出于上述原因之外的其他原因——无奈的父亲原来是怕老婆：
He is no longer bothered by his wife's singing and he is used to it by now.
他已经习惯了，不会被妻子的歌声所打扰了。
Over the years he has learned that he cannot keep his wife from wasting time watching TV and singing along with the songs.
这些年来，他已经知道：自己是无法阻止妻子看电视唱歌来消磨时间的。
He has learned to just ignore things like this instead of finding a way to solve the problem.
他学会了怎样对这种事情视而不见，不再去设法解决这个问题。
Comment on the Mother（评论母亲）
1.The mother should be considerate of her son and her husband.
2.She should not sing while they are working at home.
3.She is not acting like a good mother and a good wife.
4.She has not understood the true values of motherhood and of being a good wife.
5.Because of her,things are not as good as they might be in this family of three.
6.And perhaps this family of three doesn't get along with each other as well as they might.
7.She should feel ashamed of herself.
第一句“The mother should be considerate of her son and her husband.”的句意是“这位母亲应该体谅她的儿子和丈夫。”
说得具体一点，此时此刻的她应该做什么，或应该怎样去做呢？
The mother should turn off the TV,or at least turn down the volume and stop singing so loudly,so that her son can concentrate on his work and her husband can concentrate better on his work.
母亲应该关掉电视，停止唱歌，或至少将音量调得低一点。这样，她儿子便能专心做功课，丈夫也能更好地专心工作。
第二句“She should not sing while they are working at home.”的句意是“她不该在他们在家工作和学习的时候唱歌”。
具体一点说，此时此刻的她不应该做什么呢？
She should not be so selfish as to disturb her husband and son as they are working.
（自私地在丈夫和儿子工作和学习时影响他们）
inconsiderate about the needs of her son and husband.
（不体谅儿子和丈夫的需要）
rude by watching TV and singing。
（无礼地看电视和唱歌）
她的举动为自己的角色作了最好的注脚：
What she is doing shows that she is a bad mother.
（不称职的母亲）
a selfish wife.
（自私的妻子）
not very respectful of her son and her busband.
（不尊重儿子和丈夫）
not a considerate person.
（不体谅别人的人）
small minded and petty.
（小心眼）
very willful。
（任性）
第七句“She should feel ashamed of herself.”的句意是“她应该为自己感到羞愧。”
将后半句说得更具体一点，我们可以这样表达：
She should feel ashamed of herself.
her lack of consideration.
（不顾别人）
her selfishness.
（自私）
being so selfish.
（自私）
what she is doing.
（其所作所为）
实例
Sample 1
This is a picture of a family of three.The father is working hard at his desk while the mother is singing Karaoke.At a desk near the mother,the son,who is plugging his ears with his fingers,is trying to work.His mother's singing is distracting him from his work.She is not paying any attention to her son,but keeps singing aloud.The boy looks very sad and worried.His brow is furrowed and is not getting any work done.
Sample 2
In this picture we see a family of three,mother,father,and son-the typical size for a family these days.The father is working hard at his desk and,the son,who is trying to do his homework,is having difficulty concentrating on his work,because in the same room his mother is singing Karaoke.The boy is trying to block the sound by putting his fingers in the ears,and he looks very sad.He is unable to complete his homework for school tomorrow.The boy could ask his mother to turn the TV off or turn the volume down.but he hasn't,and the father could ask his wife to be quieter or could suggest that their son move into the other room.However,the father isn't paying any attention and is just focusing on his own work.So perhaps this family of three doesn't get along with each other as well as they might.