《牛津小学英语》4A Unit 9 What#39;s the matter?对话教学,本文主要内容关键词为:牛津论文,小学英语论文,Unit论文,matter论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。
笔者曾应邀在省里上了一节小学英语对话观摩课,并受到与会专家、老师们的一致好评。特别是著名特级教师沈峰对这节课作了针对性的点评,肯定了其中一些有效做法。从教学设计到课堂实践,从专家点评到自己反思,笔者认识到当前的小学英语对话教学应关注以下四个方面:
在对话教学前应创设适当的主题语境;在对话教学中教师不仅要关注自己如何教,更要关注学生如何学的过程;在对话教学后要作合理、有效的迁移和拓展运用;情感态度价值观的教育应在尊重学生学习主体的前提下进行,让学生在情境中进行情感体验,受到潜移默化的教育。
本次教学内容为《牛津小学英语》4A Unit 9 What’s the matter? A板块Read and say的对话教学。笔者以游戏热身,引导学生猜出人物—Liu Tao,以Liu Tao’s day为主题情境,过渡到本课的主要学习内容,在学习完对话后呈现系列任务进行巩固、迁移和综合运用。下面就本节课作详细描述和分析。
一、创设对话教学的语境
对话教学的有效展开离不开合理、贴切的主题情境。它使语言易于被理解,使语言能够被体验,使学生建立正确的条件反射。情境好比美味可口的汤,语言好比盐,语言必须融入情境中,才会有滋有味。
在研读4A Unit 9 What’s the matter? A板块时,笔者发现教材中提供的语境是刘涛傍晚在家又渴又累的一个场景,情境比较突然。为了拉近教材情境与学生生活情境的距离,并适当铺垫新课学习所必要的语言知识,笔者在教材场景前又设计了两个场景,即共设计了围绕“刘涛的一天生活”的三个场景,把整节课置于Liu Tao’s day的主题情境中,收到了较好的效果。
1.突出主题语境,合理开发教材
[教学片段一]
Step 1.Warm up and lead in
Guessing games
(1)游戏1:Who’s she?(幻灯出示),让学生读句子:She’s a woman.She’s a teacher.Her hair is long.Her eyes are small.She can speak English.She’s from Jintan.Who’s she?
Ss:It’s you.
T:Yes,it’s me,Miss Deng.
(2)游戏2:Who's he?(幻灯出示)He's a boy.He's a student.He's your friend.He's from your English book.His hair is short and black.He is in yellow and green T-shirt.
Ss:Is he Liu Tao?
T:Yes.Do you know Liu Tao? There’s a play about Liu Tao.He has a busy day,and he is always not fine.What happened? Let’s see“Liu Tao’s day”together.
Step 2.Presentation and practice
Scene 1.In the morning
(1)T:Listen and guess:Where’s Liu Tao?(播放上课铃声)
S1:Is he at school?
S2:Is he in the classroom?
T:Yes.You are great.Look,he’s in class.Is he good now?
Ss:No.
T:What’s the matter with him? Let’s ask him.
Ss:What’s the matter?
C(computer):I’m hungry.
T:Liu Tao is hungry.Can you help him?
S3:Have some bread.
S4:Here’s a hamburger for you.
T:You’re kind and helpful.Thank you.
(2)Practice and check.(略)Scene 2.In the afternoon
(1)T:Listen and guess:Where’s Liu Tao?(播放打乒乓球的声音)
S1:He’s in the playground.
T:Is he fine now? What’s the matter?
S2:He’s tired.
T:Very good.Let’s follow him.
(教学“tired”,注意读音)
(2)Have a chant:
让学生模仿自编儿歌。
2.依托主题情境,整体输入对话
[教学片段二]
Scene 3:In the evening
(1)看图预测。
T:Look at the pictures.Liu Tao is at home.He’s not fine.What’s the matter? Can you guess?
S1:He’s hungry,I think.
S2:Perhaps he is tired.
(2)试听动画,看图选择。(如果学生能完整地答出“thirsty and tired”,则继续下一步骤;如果答不完整,则把这一问题带到下一步骤去完成)
T:Watch and choose:What’s the matter with Liu Tao?
Ss:He’s thirsty and tired.
(3)How do Liu Tao’s parents care him? Read quickly and underline the answer.
二、关注对话学习的过程
1.根据学生学习的起点,顺学而教
[教学片段三]
自由读对话,画出不认识和不理解的词句。(同时,让学生把不认识的词句写在黑板上。)根据学生写的生词,进行教学:
(1)ill的教学(读音、含义)。
(2)“Why don’t you…”的教学(读音、意思):
T:Look at the pictures.Can you use the sentence to give some ideas?(学生操练)
S1:I’m thirsty.
S2:Why don’t you have some juice?
S1:Good idea.
(3)如果还有其他不懂的词或句,可以让会的同学示范读、讲解意思。
像这样让学生写出自己阅读时遇到的难点从而捕捉到学生的现实情况,并将这些“即时资源”做为教师展开引导的落脚点,随学生而动,应情境而变,使教师的“教”服务于学生的“学”,真正把课堂还给学生。
2.指导学生学习对话的策略,着眼长久
[教学片段四]
模仿录音,学读对话
T:Let’s read the dialogue beautifully.But how? Here’s a learning tip:Listen to the tape and try to find the stressed word,then mark it.(听录音,找出重读的词,并标注出来)
教师和学生先一起听第一、二句,找出重读的词,并加重音符号,再放手让学生一句一句地听录音,作记号。
在校对后,指导学生跟读,并注意重读的词。最后,分组表演对话,比一比哪组表演得好。
三、提供综合运用对话的平台
1.总结对话功能
[教学片段五]
Task 1.Try to have a summary
2.适当拓展运用
[教学片段六]
Task 2.Try to make a dialogue
教师和一个学生先做示范,再让学生自主选择编新对话。
T:Hello!
S:Hello!
T:How are you?
S:Not so good.
T:What’s the matter?
S:I’m…
T:Here’s…for you./Why don’t you…?
S:Thank you.
Task 3.Enjoy the story
There is a big apple tree.She likes a boy.The boy is happy,and the tree is happy,too.One day,the boy is not fine.“What’s the matter,boy?”“I’m hungry.I’m thirsty.”“Here are some apples for you.”Another day,“What’s the matter,boy? Are you ill?”“No.I’m tired.”“Why don’t you sit beside me(靠我坐下)?”The boy loves the tree.The tree loves the boy.The boy is happy.The tree is happy,too.
四、激起学生情感的共鸣
[教学片段七]
在教完“What’s the matter?”后,教师引入绘本“The giving tree”的阅读。
T:What’s the matter with the boy?
Ss:He’s hungry,thirsty and tired.
T:The boy is happy,and the tree is happy,too.Why?
T:(见学生回答有难度,及时调整)Do you like the tree?
Ss:Yes.
T:Why?
S1:It’s助人为乐.
T:She’s helpful.Why is the tree happy?
S2:The boy is happy.
S3:帮助别人是快乐的。
T:Yes.Giving is happy.(出示“Giving is happy.”的句子)
教学中,教师见学生没有能很快回答出“The tree is happy.Why?”时,没有把“Giving is happy.”硬塞给学生,而是结合文本,从学生的阅读体验出发,问“Do you like the tree? Why?”引导学生体会“The tree is helpful.”,从而进一步体会“Giving is happy.”。此时文本中的情感价值观已经潜移默化被学生感悟到了。
(接上课例)T:Who’s helpful in our class?
S1:Li Yang is helpful.She helps me clean the classroom.
S2:Zhang Xiang is helpful.He helps me with my Math.
T:All of you are helpful.In this class you helped Liu Tao.(课文中感觉不好的孩子)You helped me.So,thank you,boys and girls!
Ss:(掌声)
结合生活,教师提出“Who’s helpful in our class?”让学生讨论,并挖掘班上的“好人好事”,从文本走向了生活。结合课堂本身和学生的精彩表现,教师对学生说“Thank you!”,让学生获得对“给予别人帮助”的个体感悟,形成积极的情感体验和正确的价值观念,实乃“教育之本意”。教学片段七中,既有思想的碰撞,有心灵的交流,也有对“生命的润泽”,真正达到润物无声、教育无痕的境界!