单项选择题的五大难点及解题技巧,本文主要内容关键词为:五大论文,单项论文,选择题论文,难点论文,技巧论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。
本文将结合近几年来的高考题,着重谈谈单项选择题中常见的“难题”解题技巧。以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。
难点之一:考查动词时态,不给出明确的时间状语
解题技巧:认真分析上下文语境,确定动词时态
高考单选题考查动词时态,往往句子中没有具体的时间状语,要靠对上下文语言环境的分析,才能搞清句子的时态。高考题中对动词时态的考查常采用这种形式。例如:
He kept looking at her,wondering whether he______her somewhere.(NMET2004湖北卷)
A.saw B.has seen C.sees D.had seen
析:此题为D。题干句意为:“他一直打量着她,想知道是否在什么地方见到过她”,其中,“打量(kept)”用的是一般过去时态,“是否见过”应是发生在“打量”之前,从时间上讲,是过去的过去,故要用过去完成时态。又如:
—George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?
—No.I_____.Did they have a big wedding?(NMET2004湖北卷)
A.was not
B.have not been invited
C.hadn't been invited
D.didn't invite
析:此题答案选C。题干上文所谈论的“上周结婚”和“参加婚礼”都是过去发生的事情,我没有参加是因为我没有受到邀请,故“邀请”的动作应是在此之前的,即,“过去的过去”,因此,应用过去完成时态。
难点之二:把短语或固定搭配中的某个成份“置换”出来,构成:“迷雾”
解题技巧:把位置还原,看清本质
在做单项选择题时,由于句型转换或其它原因,使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分离开了原来的位置,从而使该短语或固定搭配不易辨认出。例如:
In the dark street,there wasn't a single person______she could turn for help.(NMETl992)
A.thatB.who
C.from whomD.to whom
析:此答案选D。实际上是考查turnto sb.for help(求助于某人)。这里sb就是题干中的person,且前置作定语从句的先行词,分析时不妨还原,方可看出本质。又如:
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see______the next year.(NME2000)
A.carry outB.carrying ont
C.carried outD.to carry out
析:答案选C。此题考查see something done结构,“公式”中的something就是题于中的plan,作了定语从句的先行词,在定语从句中作see的宾语。此题只要把plan还原,就不难选出C答案。
难点之三:省略句子的某个成分,从而增加了试题难度
解题技巧:明确省略成分,补全句子看清真面目
______with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.(NMET2004湖北卷)
A.Compare
B.When comparing
C.Comparing
D.When compared
析:此题应选D。本题考查when之后非谓语动词形式的掌握情况。其中,对when一词的用法正确的判断是解题的关键。when(或其它词如,while,since,once等)引导状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语部分含有be时,可把从句的主语和be一起省略。本题干中在when后省略了it is。即,when it is compared with the size of the whole earth...
又如:
The research is so designed that once______nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)
A.beginsB.having begun
C.beginning D.begun
析:本题在once之后省略了it is,很明显,此处应用被动语态。故答案应选D。
难点之四:在一定的上下文中考查冠词和代词的应用
解题技巧:准确理解句子的实际含义(即,准确翻译句子)
Jumping out of______airplane at ten thousand feet is quite______exciting experience.(NMET2002)
A.不填;theB.不填;an
C.an;anD.the;the
析:本句意为:从一万英尺高的一架飞机上跳下来是一次非常令人兴奋的经历。这里的“一架”“一次”不能理解为“那架”“那次”。因此,要用不定冠词。故答案选C。
又如:
Few pleasures can equal______of a cool drink on a hot day.(NMETl999)
A.some B.any C.that D.those
析:本题很多考生易误选D,这主要是受前面pleasures的影响。而句子的实际含义为:几乎没有乐趣能与炎热夏天的一杯凉爽饮料相比。这里“夏天的一杯凉爽的饮料带来的乐趣”当然是“一种”,故用that,而不用those。
难点之五:利用插入语使句子结构变复杂,以此“迷惑”考生
解题技巧:去掉插入语,理顺句子结构,从而透视本来面目
E-mail,as well as telephones,______an important part in daily communication.(NMETl999)
A.is playingB.have played
C.are playing D.play
析:本题在主语(E-mail)之后加了一个插入语(as well as telephone),谓语动词应与句子主语(E-mail)一致,所以,动词要用单数,只有答案A正确。又如:
He hasn't come yet.What do you consider______to him?
A.happensB.has happened
C.happeningD.to happen
析:题干中do you consider是一个插入语,句意为:你认为他出了什么事?根据上文“He hasn'tcome yet.”可知,句子谓语动词应用现在完成时态。故答案选B。
难点之六:利用语境考查语言知识的应用,没有明显的提示
解题技巧:认真领会上下文,找准“信息点”(或“提示句/词”)
——Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Place?
——Sorry,I am not sure.But it______be.(NMET2004)
A.might B.will C.must D.can
析:根据答语中的I am not sure。说明把握不大,故答案为A。这里I am not sure就是一个重要的信息。又如:
______straight on and you'll see a church.You won't miss it.(NMET2004)
A.GoB.Going
C.If you go D.When going
析:题干中有连词and引导的一个句子,所以不能选C、D,在英语里面,“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”是一常用句型,故答案选A。
巩固练习题:
1.The manager decided to give the job to______he believed had a strong sense of duty.
A.whoever B.whomever
C.who D.those
2.I don't think Jim saw me.He______into space.
A.just stared
B.was just staring
C.has just stared
D.had just stared
3.The mother didn't know______to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.
A.who B.when C.how D.what
4.I wonder why Jenny______us recently.We should have heard from her by now.
A.hasn't written
B.doesn't write
C.won't write
D.hadn't written
5.Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has______IQ.
A.a high
B.a higher
C.the higher
D.the highest
6.In my opinion ,it's the best use thai could be made______this money.
A.withB.forC.ofD.from
7.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found______in the kitchen.
A.smoke B.smoking
C.to smoke
D.smoked
8.Good care is______of the children.
A.taken B.paid
C.made D.done
9.—Is John coming by train?
—He should ,but he______not.He likes driving his car.
A.mustB.can
C.needD.may
10.All the preparations for the task______,and we're ready to start.
A.completed
B.complete
C.had been completed
D.have been completed
Key:1—5:ABAAB 6—10:CBADD
标签:句子论文;