BELT AND ROAD:THE VIEW FROM SRI LANKA
The Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (BRF) will be held at the end of April in Beijing.Since the initiation of the Belt and Road Initiative,Sri Lanka has been an active participant and conducted multiple cooperation programs with China. The relationship has been labeled as a “debt trap” by some,but how does Sri Lanka itself evaluate the bilateral ties?On April 4, Karunasena Kodituwakku, Sri Lankan Ambassador to China, shared his view on these questions with Beijing Review reporter Wen Qing. The following is an edited excerpt of the interview:
根据GB/T50801《可再生能源建筑应用工程评价标准》将计算出的EER进行能效等级划定[5]，如表1所示：
Beijing Review: How do you assess progress made in the Belt and Road Initiative since the First BRF was held in 2017?The Second BRF will be held this April,what is your expectation of the second forum?
Karunasena Kodituwakku: Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe attended the First BRF in 2017. It provided a good understanding of the foundations of the project. As the second forum, it will no doubt be a success.
Despite some minus, the first stage of the Belt of Road Initiative was successful.As we entered the second stage, minus in the first stage can be corrected.
In 2017, Sri Lanka leased Hambantota Port to China for 99 years. It has been suggested that China lured Sri Lanka into a “debt trap” and damaged Sri Lanka’s sovereignty, while others think Chinese enterprises can help create more jobs and promote the local economy. What is your assessment of the situation on the ground in Sri Lanka?
迄今为止，临床中以手术为肺癌治疗的首选方案，作为一种有创治疗方式，虽然效果显著，但术后容易出现一系列的并发症，比如：肺不张、肺炎等[1]。因此，有必要通过有效的手段降低术后并发症发生情况，改善患者预后。目前，人们已经习惯应用微信获取自己想要了解的健康信息。此次研究中对新媒体延续护理对肺癌术后影响进行了分析，并将分析结果总结为以下呈现报告形式。
Therefore, China giving loans to Sri Lanka is a kind of friendly gesture. China extended the hand of friendship to Sri Lanka,instead of setting a “debt trap.” Therefore,we do not accept this claim.
Over 260,000 Chinese tourists visited Sri Lanka in 2017 and China became the second largest source of tourists to Sri Lanka. Is the Sri Lankan Government planning any policies to attract more Chinese tourists?
It is true that some people called it a“debt trap” set up by China and Sri Lanka is a victim. It is not correct. “Trap” has to be fixed by somebody. But every loan, every cent we obtained from China was given to us on our request. Sri Lanka was not forced to take these loans. When Sri Lanka made a request for a development project, we considered concessional loans and China responded positively.
It’s not giving the port to another country for 99 years but a friendly kind of business arrangement. It is a very flexible form of cooperation. Both parties mutually bene fit from it.
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Due to poor management, the port did not generate sufficient income to pay the loan back. To make it a viable business to generate income instead of asking the public taxpayers to pay it back, the Sri Lankan Government made the decision to set a joint company with China to operate the port together.
China, as the second largest economy in the world, has become a world factory and the biggest exporter. So Chinese shipping has become the busiest in the world with ports like Shanghai, Ningbo,Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hong Kong.The business collaboration with China means we are inviting Chinese shipping into the ports of Sri Lanka.
China is the second most important source of tourists for Sri Lanka. The tourism industry is an important pillar for the economic development of Sri Lanka.
中国画“以形写神”之形，是一种“似与不似之间”的形，而“以形写神”之神，则是以“不似之似”传神并以此来实现的气韵生动。于人物，神态比形态重要，内心世界的表现比外在形体的描绘重要；于花鸟，生命情状比动植物的属性重要，精神意象比自然情景重要；于山水，心中之境比眼中风物重要，情怀比景象重要。而回归绘画之本体，则是以一种超然于客观自然形态的形式自由来表现造型、色彩、构图的自由以实现创造的自由，并由此获得精神世界的自由。只有这样才能使我们的工笔画创作真正实现从客观再现到主观表现，从主观表现到内心表达的升华。
Basically, the port was not leased to China for 99 years. China Merchants Port Holdings and Sri Lanka Ports Authority established a joint venture to manage the port for 99 years. On behalf of the government of Sri Lanka, the Ports Authority owns 30 percent and China Merchants Port Holdings owns 70 percent of the company. And if Sri Lanka wants to buy out China’s share, we can negotiate with China Merchants Port Holdings.
The People’s Republic of China (PRC)and Sri Lanka established diplomatic ties in 1957. What is your assessment of the relationship since then?
It is true we officially established embassies in each other’s country in 1957, but our relations actually commenced in 1950. Sri Lanka recognized the PRC in January 1950 and accepted the one-China policy. The two countries signed a trade agreement in 1952.
During the last 69 years, relations between Sri Lanka and China have been cordial and friendly. There were no bilateral disputes at all. We are working closely with each other at multilateral platforms such as the United Nations and the Non-Aligned Movement.
Economic ties between China and Sri Lanka have become increasingly close in recent years and China has increased investment in Sri Lanka continually.How can the two countries further deepen economic ties?
We will continually promote Sri Lanka as a destination for Chinese tourists. We expect this figure to reach 300,000 this year and very soon to be 500,000. Sri Lanka was fortunate to receive more than 2 million tourists in 2018. We hope to continue to promote the popularity of Sri Lanka among Chinese tourists, which is not only conducive to bilateral economic cooperation but can help promote the friendship between our two countries. Tourism will become an important part of our public diplomacy.
It has changed the landscape of Sri Lanka significantly. For example, our longest highway, the southern highway, runs nearly 250 km, of which three fourths were constructed by Chinese companies, and will help Colombo become a global city,which not only caters to requirements of our country but also the development of the entire region. It is a very significant landmark in the relationship between our two countries.
通过恰当的田间管理能够促进玉米的快速生长，首先在出苗前后，必须要及时检查玉米的发芽情况，如果发现粉种、烂芽，必须要及时的补苗。
The construction site at Colombo Port in Sri Lanka on November 26, 2017
Therefore, it is a kind of business venture. We are very hopeful and very optimistic that this project will generate sufficient income to pay back the debt and create more jobs and opportunities. It will be a win-win situation for both countries.
Under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, China has heavily invested in Sri Lanka’s infrastructure, including highways,seaports and railroads. Most of the investments are concessional loans, and some of them are foreign direct investment, like Colombo’s port city, which is under construction at the moment.
深圳赤湾石油基地码头于1986年10月15日全部竣工投产。C、D泊位分A、B、C、D、E、F共6个泊位，均为5000吨级码头用途为件杂货码头（含装卸危险货物）。
Our target is to attract 5 million tourists by 2025, and we hope at least one fifth of that, namely 1 million of them, will come from China. We already have a very flexible visa but we would like to lift possible barriers to make it easier for people to apply.
In addition, we are planning to introduce mobile payment systems such as WeChat Pay to make it more convenient.We also plan to publish more materials and information in Chinese. If there are any constraints or difficulties facing tourists from China or other countries, we will be always prepared to adjust things.
通过进一步分析归纳,发现水边植物群落评分结果与驳岸的硬质化程度有明显关系,而建筑周边植物群落得分与植物群落所处的位置有明显的相关性(图4)。
A conference for dialogue among Asian civilizations will be held in Beijing in May. Under the theme of exchanges and mutual learning and a community with a shared future, it aims to build a platform for common development. What role do you think the conference will play?
It is a very good platform created by China to conduct a dialogue among Asian countries of different civilizations. China has a history of more than 5,000 years and this conference gives us the opportunity to become closer.
There are more than 40 countries in Asia and each of them has its own history.Cultural ties are very important part of human relations. This conference is a very positive thing as it provides an opportunity for all Asian nations to work together as a family.
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Copyedited by Craig Crowther
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