摘要：目的：分析贫血患者血液检验结果，总结鉴别诊断经验方法。方法：选择我院2017年1月-2018年1月收治63例贫血患者为观察组。所有患者的贫血类型有所不同，通过资料回顾方式来进行分析整理。并选择同期63例健康体检人群为对照组，进行血液检查，比较两组的血液检查结果。结果：观察组溶血性贫血、慢性感染贫血、缺铁性贫血以及地中海贫血患者体内的RDW数值明显高于对照组，而MCV、MCH和MCHC数值明显低于对照组。结论：临床上对不同类型的贫血患者进行血液检查，需要分析患者血液中的MCV、MCH和MCHC水平，以此作为确定贫血类型的主要参考依据，且操作更为简单,准确性较高,是一种较为理想的诊断方法,值得临床运用和推广。
关键词：贫血患者；血液检验；结果分析
Analysis of Blood Test Results in 63 Patients with Anaemia
Abstract: Objective: To analyze the blood test results of anemia patients and summarize the empirical methods of differential diagnosis. METHODS:63 patients with anemia were enrolledin the Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University from January to February 2008.All patients had different types of anemia and were analyzed by data review.63healthy people in the same period were selected as the control group, blood tests were performed, and the blood test results of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The RDW values of hemolytic anemia, chronic anemia, iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the MCV, MCH and MCHC values were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: Clinically, blood tests are performed on patients with different types of anemia. It is necessary to analyze the levels of MCV, MCH and MCHC in the blood of patients, as the main reference for determining the type of anemia, and the operation is simpler and the accuracy is higher. An ideal diagnostic method is worthy of clinical application and promotion.RESULTS: The RDW values of hemolytic anemia, chronic anemia, iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the MCV, MCH and MCHC values were significantly lower than the control group. Conclusion: Clinically, blood tests are performed on patients with different types of anemia. It is necessary to analyze the levels of MCV, MCH and MCHC in the blood of patients, as the main reference for determining the type of anemia, and the operation is simpler and the accuracy is higher. An ideal diagnostic method is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
Keywords: anemia patients; blood test; analysis of results.
1.资料与方法
1.1基本资料
入选病例和健康体检者均知晓本次研究目的,并自愿签署《知情同意书》。观察组对象方便选取该院收治的63例贫血患者，其中包括男性33名，女性30名；对照组对象取自同期在该院行健康体检的63名健康人群，其中包括男性30名，女性33名[1]。两组对象在性别构成与年龄分布方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。研究对象中不包括基本资料不全者、恶性肿瘤者、严重器质性疾病者、生理/妊娠/哺乳期女性。
1.2基本方法
本次实验研究中均采用一次性真空采血管采集63例贫血患者和63例健康体检者的静脉血5mL,采用进口的血清校准品，原装试剂和SＮＣＨＲ０Ｗ－ＤＸＣ８００全自动生成分析仪。将本研究中的所有血液标本均放置２0ｍｉｎ，之后以4000ｒ／ｍｉｎ进行血清的离心，操作严格按照说明书进行。
1.3观察指标
对两组患者红细胞平均容量、红细胞平均血红蛋白量、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞分配宽度、血红蛋白等指标均进行全面的观察和记录，以供实验分析与统计。
1.4统计方法
采用SPSS17.0统计学软件处理实验数据，计量资料使用（x±s）表示，采用t检验，同时用方差分析各组数据之间的差异。P＜0.05为差异,有统计学意义。
2.结果
与对照组相比，急性失血性贫血、再生障碍贫血、铁粒幼细胞贫血患者ＭＣＶ、ＭＣＨＣ、ＭＣＨ 和ＲＤＷ差异较小，无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０.０５）。
表1 各类型贫血病患者和健康对照组志愿者血液检查结果对比
3.讨论
贫血是临床上一种比较常见的疾病类型，同时在类型上也比较的多，临床上主要根据不同的表现来进行贫血类型的划分，只有首先明确了患者的贫血类型，在后续的治疗中才能够采取更佳的针对性治疗，对于患者的早日康复具有重要的价值[2]。63血液检验无法鉴别区分地中海贫血、缺铁性贫血，建议在实践工作期间，应当在血液检验基础上联合使用其他特异性检验方法，确保诊断结果的准确性、真实性[3]。
综上，贫血属于综合性疾病,与多种系统病变有关，即便诱发因素不尽相同,但临床症状表现与血液学特征相类似，在观察各项指标水平变化的基础上结合不同类型贫血发病原因与主要临床表现即能做出正确判断，临床上也应该加以其他检查如骨髓形态学检查等加以确认诊断。
参考文献
[1]武华，李敏.探讨血液检验在贫血鉴别诊断的临床意义［J］6心理医生杂志，2012,12(230):314-316
[2]张洁.32例贫血患者的血液检验结果分析［J］.中国医药指南,2011,9(12):108-109
[3]惠双红.贫血鉴别诊断中血液检验临床效果观察［J］6 吉林医学,2014,35(9):1947-1948
论文作者:邹德艳
论文发表刊物:《中国研究型医院》2018年5卷6期
论文发表时间:2019/4/8
标签：患者论文; 血液论文; 红细胞论文; 对照组论文; 统计学论文; 类型论文; 方法论文; 《中国研究型医院》2018年5卷6期论文;