70 Years: Growth and Contribution
This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Over the past seven decades, treme ndous changes have taken place in the life of the Chinese people.
历时二年多的“三查三整”运动纯洁了党的组织，提高了党员干部的政治思想水平，改进了工作作风，密切了党群、干群关系，加强了党组织的战斗力、凝聚力，为彻底进行土地改革，巩固解放区，争取人民解放战争的胜利奠定了坚实的基础。这一次党内集中教育活动为中国共产党将要成为执政党作了重要的思想和组织准备。
Where in the past people survived on a diet of coarse grains,modern China now has one of the widest ranges of nutritious foods in the world with everything including rice, noodles,vegetables, and meat being on the table. Rural China has seen the relocation and renovation of villagers and townspeople who have gradually moved into modern accommodation, and the construction of new villages has also significantly improved the living conditions of farmers. Transport has developed exponentially and now the once crowded and slow green-coated trains have been phased out, replaced by sleek, fast, and comfortable high-speed trains, making intercity commuting convenient.Culturally, public libraries, museums, radio, books, movies, and television have increasingly allowed Chinese people to expand their horizons and better understand their own country and the world they live in. Health has also become a priority for China.In the past, lack of medical care and medicines were a national challenge, which has been overcome by the overall coverage of health insurance. These changes contribute to the improvement of life expectancy in China, which has risen from 35 years when the PRC was founded, to 77 years currently.
China’s rural areas have moved from widespread poverty to overall eradication of absolute poverty. China is the first developing country to achieve the UN’s poverty reduction goal, contributing more than 70 percent to global poverty reduction.
委托权与经营权分离产生了代理成本，审计的出现是对代理成本的控制，审计质量直观上影响着代理成本的高低。有观点认为审计质量是审计结果相对于审计目标的完成程度。另一种观点指出审计质量是参与审计的人员的质量和整个审计过程的质量。DeAngelo对审计质量的定义为：注册会计师发现并能够报告企业财务报告中错误的联合概率。定义指出了审计质量是由审计师的专业胜任能力和独立性决定的。笔者认为DeAngelo的定义是上述两种观点的综合考虑，更加全面和准确地体现了审计质量的含义。
Over the past 70 years, China has not only strengthened itself but also become an important link in the global economic chain through accelerated infrastructure construction, steady development of basic industries, coordinated development of regional economies, and technological innovation. Chinese individuals,families and enterprises have all integrated into the tide of economic globalization.
水生态监测是流域水生态保护修复重要的基础性工作，与流域水文、水质监测相比较，水生态监测是短板，有必要将水生态监测纳入流域综合管理常态化经常性任务。水利部已批准实施的长江流域综合监测站网规划统筹规划了流域水文、水质和水生态监测站点布设和监测信息采集及集成管理等，当前要依托该规划的实施，建设水生态监测站网，实现生境和水生生物要素的同步监测，积累一系列的水生态基础资料，为流域综合管理掌握水生态的演变趋势及影响分析提供支撑。
As China furthers its opening-up, the consumer market with a population of 1.4 billion has become China’s biggest dividend to the world. In the shopping carts of Chinese housewives, there are delicacies from all continents, and Chinese tourists and shoppers can be seen all over the world.
The rapid development of science and technology has led to continuous achievements in scientific research in China. At the end of 2018, the number of invention patents per 10,000 people stood at 11.5. Major achievements have also been made in manned space flight, lunar exploration projects, quantum science, deep sea exploration, supercomputing, satellite navigation and many other fields, and the results of innovationdriven development strategy are impressive. High technology is the engine of future development. With the improvement of scientific and technological strength, China has gradually become an active contributor to international scientific and technological infrastructure and an active participant and leading organizer of major international scientific programs and projects. China has actively participated in major international scientific programs and projects such as the Human Genome Project, the International Thermonuclear Fusion Experimental Reactor Project, and the Square Kilometer Array Radio Telescope.
Through scientific and technological cooperation, China has added momentum to the world economy by means of new scientific and technological growth points. China has not only attracted Tesla, Apple, Microsoft, Mercedes and other international technology giants to invest in the country, but also brought high-speed rail, nuclear power, port machinery and other hi-tech equipment to the international market. “Made in China,” Chinese equipment, “built in China,” and Chinese technology have landed in various countries to promote the common development of the world.
The proportion of China’s mainland GDP in the world’s GDP rose from 1.8 percent at the beginning of reform and opening-up in 1978 to 15.2 percent in 2018. Since 2016, China has contributed more than 30 percent to the world’s economic growth. With its opening-up and development in recent years, China has become the world’s second largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, the largest trading country in goods, the second largest consumer of goods, and the second largest power in terms of inflow of foreign capital, with the largest foreign exchange reserves in the world for many consecutive years.
As Rebecca Fannin, an expert on global innovation, said in a post on the website of biweekly Forbes on September 8, an era of all-round innovation in China is unfolding.
Thanks to the rapid development of globalization, China will contribute to global innovation-driven initiatives, actively cooperate with other countries, and cultivate common new forces for human development.
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