浅析常见表“原因”的句型,本文主要内容关键词为:句型论文,见表论文,原因论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。
在中文的表达中,表述原因的方法多种多样;同样在英语中要说明一种原因或理由,也有多种多样的表达方法。我们有时采用一个独立的句子来表示原因,有时则需要用一段文字来加以说明。虽然语言是在不断的变化和发展,但是其变化与发展仍然摆脱不了用固定的表达方式来表达同样的内容和意思,这也就是我们所说的“万变不离其宗”。同样在英语中表达原因的句型也是固定不变的。下面为读者举出部分常见表“原因”的句型与例句,以期对读者有所启迪和帮助。
部分常见的表示“原因”的句型有:
1.主句+because+原因状语从句
2.Since+原因状语从句+主句
3.As+原因状语从句+主句
4.第一并列分句(表示结果),for+第二并列分句(表示原因)
5.Not that...,but that...
6.主语+谓语+(原因状语)
详细解析:
【句型1】主句+because+原因状语从句
说明:此句型中,because是个连词,它用来表示直接的原因,一般来说原因状语从句放在主句之后,有时为起强调作用原因状语从句可以置于主句之前。
(1)You should not despise a man because he is poor.你不应该因为一个人穷而轻视他。
(2)I am strict with you because I want you to make rapid progress.我对你严格是因为我希望你迅速进步。
(如果要强调原因,原因状语从句可置于主句之前。如:Because I want you to make rapid progress,I am strict with you.)
(3)I went to bed early because I was tired.我因为疲倦所以提早睡觉了。
(如果要强调原因,原因状语从句可置于主句之前。如:Because I was tired,I went to bed early.)
【句型2】Since+原因状语从句+主句
说明:since表示“原因”与as差不多,它所强调的是主句的内容,其原因是附带说明的。但since不同于as的地方,在于它所表示的原因是暗示出来的或稍加分析出来的。since与because相比,since的意味稍弱于because。
(1)Since we're young,we shouldn't be too afraid of making mistakes.因为我们还年轻,不应该太害怕犯错误。
(2)We had to put the meeting off since so many students were absent.由于许多学生都没来,会议只好延期。
3)Since we live near the forest,we enjoy a health climate.因为我们住在靠近森林的地方,所以我们能享受到有益健康的气候。
【句型3】As+原因状语从句+主句
说明:as从句所说明的原因是比较明显的,已为大家所熟知的。as引导的原因状语从句在语气上比because引导的从句弱一些,as从句虽然常出现在主句前面,但它证明的理由是附带的,而不是特别强调的。
(1)As I had a cold,I was absent from school.因为我感冒了,所以没去上课。
(2)As he is a qualified doctor,I trust his advice on medical matters.因为他是个合格的医生,所以在医疗上我接受他的建议。
(3)As rain has fallen,the air is cooler.因为下了雨,空气比较清爽。
【注意点】1.because,as,since与so都不能同时使用。
[误]Because she got up late,so she couldn't come here on time.
[正]Because she got up late,she couldn't come here on time.
[误]As he didn't get up,so we went without him.
[正]As he didn't get up,we went without him.
[误]Since you know it already,so I needn't tell you.
[正]Sinee you know it already,I needn't tell you.
2.不要把the reason...与because连用。
[误]The reason why he was late because his mother was i11.
[正]The reason why he was late was that his mother was i11.
【句型4】第一并列分句(表示结果),for+第二并列分句(表示原因)
说明:for作连词时常用于书面语,比because更为正式,一般用逗号或分号和前面部分分开,它所引出的句子对前面的句子起解释作用。作为连词的for,既然是用以说明或解释前句的,它就必须出现在前句之后和后句之首,这就是它与若干同义词的差别,试比较:He did notcome for/as he was ill.(他没有来是因为他病了。)这句原文可改为:As he was ill,he did not come.但不可改为:For he was ill,he did not come.
(1)It must have rained in the night,for when I woke the next morning I saw the grass wet.当我次日一早醒来时看到草地是湿的,想必是前一天晚上下过雨。
(2)He felt no fear,for he was very brave.他一点也不害怕,因为他很勇敢。
(3)He couldn't go,for he was ill.他因为病了所以不能去。
【注意点】在以下两种情况下一定要用because,不能用as或for。
1.原因状语从句结合在“It is...that”强调句型当中,一定要用because。
It is because he has behaved so badly that he must be punished.正因为他的行为不检点,所以该受处分。
2.在回答Why问句时,也只能用because。
Why was he late?Because he got up late.他为什么迟到了?因为他起床晚了。
【句型5】Not that...,but that...
说明:本句型指的是肯定一个原因,否定另一个原因,两个原因或理由一正一反,前后对比。
(1)Not that it matters,but that how did you spend the money I gave you?我不是说有什么关系,可是我给你的钱你是怎么花的?
(2)Not that I don't like to play basketball,but that I like to play football.不是我不喜欢打篮球,只因为我喜欢踢足球。
(3)Not that she forgot to do her homework,but that she was busy nursing a sick classmate.不是她忘记了做作业,只因为她忙着照顾一个生病的同学。
【句型6】主语+谓语+(原因状语)
说明:这三个短语都表示“由于”“因为”,thanks to系由thank派生而来的,所以又含有“幸亏”的意思,due to中的due原意是“应得的”,在这里用于连接因果关系,多指一种必然的现象。owing to也有“幸亏”“由于”的意思,三个词语可以作定语和表语。
(1)I was late thanks to the traffic.由于交通路况不佳我迟到了。
(注:这里的thanks to表示的是“由于”“因为”的意思。)
(2)It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.幸亏他的忠告我才得以成功。
(注:这里的thanks to表示的是“幸亏”的意思。)
(3)The accident is due to your careless driving.那次意外事故归因于你的驾驶不小心。
(4)It was owing to this difficulty that the plan did not succeed.这计划不能成功,就是由于这个困难的缘故。