腹部超声与阴道超声诊断子宫腺肌病60例临床分析论文_陈革

黑龙江省铁力市人民医院 152500

摘要:目的:探讨并评价腹部超声与阴道超声诊断子宫腺肌病60例临床疗效,比较两种超声方法在诊断子宫腺肌病方面的应用价值。方法:对我院自2017年6月至2018年6月期间收治的60例子宫腺肌病患者实施腹部超声以及阴道超声诊断,同时分析并比较两种方法的诊断符合率。结果:本组60例子宫腺肌病患者均经过病理所证实,其中:28例合并子宫肌瘤,14例合并巧克力囊肿,18例合并盆腔子宫内膜异位症。通过腹部超声诊断子宫腺肌病共有40例,符合率达66.66%,漏诊患者共计4例,被误诊为子宫肌瘤者16例。通过阴道超声诊断为子宫腺肌病53例,符合率达88.33%,漏诊患者共计1例,被误诊为子宫肌瘤者6例。阴道超声在巧克力囊肿以及子宫腺肌病的诊断方面的符合率高于腹部超声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过阴道超声诊断子宫腺肌病的准确性明显高于腹部超声检查结果,推荐临床诊断子宫腺肌病首选阴道超声。

关键词:腹部超声;阴道超声;子宫腺肌病

Clinical analysis of 60 cases of adenomyosis diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound

Abstract: Objective: To investigate and evaluate the clinical efficacy of abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of adenomyosis in 60 cases, and to compare the application value of two ultrasound methods in the diagnosis of adenomyosis. Methods: A total of 60 patients with adenomyosis admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were treated with abdominal ultrasound and vaginal ultrasound. The diagnostic coincidence rates of the two methods were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: Sixty patients with adenomyosis were confirmed by pathology, including 28 cases with uterine fibroids, 14 cases with chocolate cysts, and 18 cases with pelvic endometriosis. A total of 40 cases of adenomyosis were diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound, the coincidence rate was 66.66%, 4 cases were missed patients, and 16 cases were misdiagnosed as uterine fibroids. 53 cases of adenomyosis were diagnosed by vaginal ultrasound, the coincidence rate was 88.33%, 1 case was missed, and 6 cases were misdiagnosed as uterine fibroids. The coincidence rate of vaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of chocolate cysts and adenomyosis was higher than that of abdominal ultrasound, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The accuracy of diagnosis of adenomyosis by vaginal ultrasound is significantly higher than that of abdominal ultrasound. It is recommended to use vaginal ultrasound for clinical diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Key words: abdominal ultrasound; vaginal ultrasound; adenomyosis

子宫腺肌病是女性十分常见的疾病,高发于有生育史的妇女群体,因子宫内膜异位、子宫肌壁内的良性病变。近年来随着女性生活压力愈来愈大,子宫腺肌病的发病率呈现出升高的趋势[1]。临床主要采用超声检查的方法来进行子宫腺肌病的诊断,但是由于子宫腺肌病的症状、超声声像图与子宫肌瘤十分相似,导致超声诊断率不高。本文对本中心采用腹部超声、阴道超声进行子宫腺肌病诊断,对比两种超声检查诊断的准确率。现就相关内容做如下报告。

1.资料与方法

1.1一般资料

我院自2017年6月至2018年6月期间共对60例子宫腺肌病患者,年龄26~54岁,平均年龄为(44.9±4.8)岁,全部患者均已婚,其中54例已生育,6例未生育,实施全子宫切除术者共54例,实施子宫腺肌病剔除术者6例。术前患者大多出现下腹不适、痛经以及月经量增多现象,发病时间在3~18年之间。

1.2方法

对我院自2017年6月至2018年6月期间收治的60例子宫腺肌病患者实施腹部超声以及阴道超声诊断,同时分析并比较两种方法的诊断符合率。

本组研究采用LOGIQ400型以及日立EUB-2000型超声诊断仪。采用腹部探头及阴道探头分别选择频率为3.5MHz与6.5MHz。

患者实施阴道检查时,需取膀胱截石位,将膀胱排空,置耦合剂于避孕套内并将其套入阴道探头,将探头放置在宫颈及后穹窿的各处,分别在横向、纵向以及斜切位确定子宫的位置、大小、形状、肌层回声、宫腔波位置、子宫壁厚度以及包膜及边界等。通过腹部超声检查患者适度充盈膀胱,患者取仰卧位,在下腹部实施横向、纵向以及斜切向检查。

2.结果

本组60例子宫腺肌病患者均经过病理所证实,其中:28例合并子宫肌瘤,14例合并巧克力囊肿,18例合并盆腔子宫内膜异位症。通过腹部超声诊断子宫腺肌病共有40例,符合率达66.66%,漏诊患者共计4例,被误诊为子宫肌瘤者16例。通过阴道超声诊断为子宫腺肌症53例,符合率达88.33%,漏诊患者共计1例,被误诊为子宫肌瘤者6例。阴道超声在巧克力囊肿以及子宫腺肌症的诊断方面的符合率高于腹部超声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

3.讨论

阴道探头技术的建立提高了妇产科超声的准确性,目前采用阴道探头在妇产科超声检查中已被广泛应用[2]。造成漏诊及误诊的原因是患者腹部超声探头主要在腹部进行扫描,所探测的路径远,不能清楚地显示出宫壁与卵巢的细致结构,此外,有时肠气、脂肪以及B超医师的技术水平也会影响诊断结果[3]。本组诊断结果表明阴道超声在巧克力囊肿以及子宫腺肌症的诊断方面的符合率高于腹部超声;腹部超声与阴道超声诊断合并子宫肌瘤以及盆腔子宫内膜异位症方面比较无显著差异。

综上所述,通过阴道超声诊断子宫腺肌病的准确性明显高于腹部超声检查结果,推荐临床诊断子宫腺肌病首选阴道超声。

参考文献:

[1]刘伯宁,陆丽华.子宫腺肌病临床误诊原因探讨[J].实用妇产科杂志,1993,9(6):315-316.

[2]谢汉波,平祖衡,李文莉.子宫腺肌病的声像图征象与分析[J].中国超声医学杂志,1991,7(1):59-61.

[3]韩燕华,周应芳,郑淑蓉.子宫腺肌病患者血管内皮生长因子表达的研究[J].中华妇产科杂志,2002,37(9):539-542.

论文作者:陈革

论文发表刊物:《中国医学人文》2018年22期

论文发表时间:2019/5/28

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腹部超声与阴道超声诊断子宫腺肌病60例临床分析论文_陈革
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