【摘要】 非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)脑转移率高,其靶向治疗以表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKIs)最典型。研究显示,EGFR-TKIs对EGFR突变的NSCLC脑转移患者疗效显著。本文就EGFR突变的NSCLC脑转移患者靶向治疗进行综述。
【关键词】非小细胞肺癌;脑转移;生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂;靶向治疗
【中图分类号】R73-3 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752(2017)03-0009-01
EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis were reviewed
Wen Li.
Qinghai university hospital oncology in qinghai xining 810001 (graduate school)
【Abstract】 brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) rate is high, the targeted therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) is the most typical.The study showed that EGFR - TKIs of EGFR mutations in NSCLC patients with brain metastases from curative effect is remarkable.In this paper, the EGFR mutation of NSCLC patients with brain metastases from targeted therapy were reviewed.
【Keywords】 Non-small cell lung cancer;Brain metastasis;Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor;Targeted therapy
据统计约25~30%NSCLC患者存在脑转移,不治疗生存期约2个月,经手术、立体定向放疗、全脑放疗以及全身化疗等治疗后提高至8.8个月[1]。EGFR-TKIs对EGFR突变的NSCLC脑转移患者控制率较高。
1.EGFR-TKIs治疗NSCLC脑转移机制
EGFR酪氨酸激酶功能区由氨基端小叶、aC螺旋和羧基端小叶[2]构成,主要信号转导途径有:RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK-MAPK通路、PLC-γ通路、P13K-PDK通路和JAK-STAT通路等[3]。EGFR-TKIs竞争性结合酪氨酸激酶的ATP结合位点,阻止下游通路传导,抑制肿瘤细胞转移、侵袭等。
2.EGFR-TKIs治疗NSCLC脑转移研究进展
EGFR-TKIs对NSCLC脑转移控制率高,但哪种更佳无定论。有报道称,厄洛替尼比吉非替尼血药浓度高,更易透过血脑屏障。但也有报道称,厄洛替尼的代谢物影响其向脑内聚集[4]。白皓[5]等分析38例EGFR突变的NSCLC脑转移患者,结果厄洛替尼组无进展生存期和总生存期均长于吉非替尼组,统计结果无差异。
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3.EGFR-TKIs联合全脑放疗治疗NSCLC脑转移研究进展
厄洛替尼联合全脑放疗能提高NSCLC脑转移患者有效率,其阻止EGFR下游通路传导,降低S期比例,促进肿瘤凋亡,增强放疗作用[6]。厄洛替尼联合全脑放疗与单纯全脑放疗总体缓解率、总生存期和1年生存率相比占优势[7]。研究显示EGFR突变的NSCLC脑转移者全脑放疗较未突变者敏感,总生存期长,但无明显差异[8]。顾红芳[9]等研究42例NSCLC脑转移患者,厄洛替尼联合全脑放疗组与EP方案化疗2周期后行全脑放疗组对比,前者生存期和无进展生存期均长,但无统计学意义。
4.小结与展望
NSCLC脑转移发生率高,预后差。EGFR-TKIs对于突变阳性的NSCLC脑转移患者疗效显著,其联合全脑放疗可明显改善NSCLC脑转移患者的生存质量,其给药方便,副反应小,治疗前景较为广阔。
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论文作者:李雯
论文发表刊物:《医药前沿》2017年1月第3期
论文发表时间:2017/2/20
标签:酪氨酸论文; 突变论文; 患者论文; 激酶论文; 肿瘤论文; 肺癌论文; 靶向论文; 《医药前沿》2017年1月第3期论文;