英语习语讲与练，本文主要内容关键词为：英语论文,习语论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
在英语中，习语(idiomatic expressions)起着非常重要的作用。对习语的理解关系到交际的成功与否。不论是在听说还是在读写方面都是如此。
很多学生在经过一段时间的学习之后，仍然感到自己的英语表达能力很差。原因之一是他们在对习语的学习、理解、记忆方面非常欠缺。应大家的要求，我们从本期开始，对习语进行讲解并附加练习，以满足大家的要求。
当然，习语的学习也要有所选择。我们从实用角度选择了Robert J.Dixon编著的Essential Idioms in English一书，对每课的习语进行辨析与讲解。
1.to get in/to get on：进入或登上车。to get in通常与car搭配，而to get on通常与其他交通工具搭配。如：
It's easiest to get in the car from the driver's side.The door On the other side doesn't work well.
I always get on the bus to work at 34th Street.
2.to get out of/to get off：离开或下车。to get out of通常与car搭配，而to get off通常与其他交通工具搭配。如：
Why don't we stop and get out of the car for a while?
Helen got off the train at the 42nd Street terminal.
3.to put on：穿上，戴上（主要指衣帽）。这里的on是副词，on可以置于宾语之后，也就是说，put和on之间可以插入宾语。如：
Mary put on her coat and left the room.
Put your hat on before you leave the house.
4.to take off：脱下。off是副词，take和off之间可以插入宾语。如：
John took off his jacket as he entered the office.
Take your sweater off.The room is very warm.
5.to call up：打电话（也可以说to call或to give someone a call）。up是副词，宾语可以插入call与up之间。如：
I forgot to call up Mr.Jones yesterday.I'd better call him now.
Call me up tomorrow,Jane.We'll arrange a time to have lunch together.
I promise to give you a call as soon as l arrive in New York.
6.to turn on：打开（也可以说to switch on）。on是副词，宾语可以置于动词与on之间。如：
Please turn on the light;it's too dark in here.
Do you Know who turned the air conditioning on?
7.to turn off：关闭（也可以说to switch off）。off是副词，宾语可以置于动词与off之间。turn on,switch on;turn off,switch off与电、水、气等表示流量的词语搭配。如：
Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
Are you really listening to the radio,or should I turn it off?
8.right away：马上，立刻（也可以说at once）。如：
Dad says that dinner will be ready right away,so we'd better wash our hands and set the table.
Tell Will to come to my office right away,I must see him immediately.
Stop playing that loud music at once!
9.to pick up：用手从地上或桌子上等捡起……。up是副词，宾语可以置于动词与up之间。如：
Harry picked up the newspaper that was on the front doorstep.
Could you pick your toy up before someone falls over it?
10.sooner or later：迟早；一段时间后。如：
If you study English seriously,sooner or later you'll become fluent.
I'm too tired to do my homework now;I'm sure I'll do it sooner or later.
11.to get up：1)起立，起床；2)使起立，让起床。up是副词。所带的宾语一定要置于get与up之间。如：
Carla gets up at seven o'clock every morning.
At what time should we get the children up tomorrow?
12.at first：起先，最初。如：
1.At first English was difficult for him,but later he made great progress.
2.I thought at first that it was Sheila Calling,but then I realized that it was Betty.
练习：
A.用适当的习语替代下列句中的斜体字部分；
1.His alarm clock is always set for six o'clock.He arises at the same time every day.
a.turns offb.gets upc.puts on
2.She telephoned her friend to tell him about the meeting.They decided to drive there together.
a.turned onb.took offc.called up
3.It's 4 P.M,now,and this important letter must be mailed today.Can you take it to the post office immediately?
a.at firstb.right awayc.sooner or later
4.Be sure to switch off the light before you leave the house.
a.turn offb.take offc.get off
5.Pat placed her new hat on her head while looking in the mirror.
a.picked upb.put onc.got on
6.Remove your jacket and sit down for a few minutes.
a.Turn onb.Get onc.Take off
7.I want to stay unmarried for a while,but I hope to get married eventually.
a.sooner or laterb.right awayc.at first
8.In the beginning I thought that it was Bob who was in the car.
a.To get onb.At oncec.At first
9.He boarded the bus at Broadway and 79th Street.
a.got offb.got onc.picked up
10.John took the pencil with his fingers and began to write a note.
a.turned onb.got offc.picked up
B.用适当的习语填空：
Jen's alarm clock makes a loud ringing noise.She 1 the alarm clock immediately after it rings each morning.However,she doesn't rise from bed 2 .She waits a few minutes before she 3 .Jean enjoys lying in bed for a while,but 4 she gets up.Then she 5 the bedroom light and goes to her closet.She 6 her pajamas and 7 her work clothes.
答案：A.1.b2.c3.b 4.a5.b6.c7.a8.c9.b10.c
B.1.turns off2.right away3.gets up4.sooner of later5.turns on 6.takes off7.puts on