Healthy, Resilient and Up
China registers stable economic growth in the first three quarters despite headwinds By Li Xiaoyang
Workers assemble new-energy cars in automaker BYD’s base in Xi’an, northwest China’s Shaanxi Province, on June 12
Amid concerns that China’s economic growth may soften below 6 percent, data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on October 18 showed that the country gained strength in the fi rst three quarters of the year to meet its annual growth target, although its economy continued to slow down in the third quarter (Q3).
The GDP registered a 6.2-percent growth year on year to about 69.7 trillion yuan ($9.8 trillion) during the period, according to NBS data, within the target range of 6-6.5 percent. In Q3, the GDP expanded 6 percent over the previous year, down from 6.4 percent in Q1 and 6.2 percent in Q2.
[7][31][39] 徐康宁、陈丰龙、刘修岩：《中国经济增长的真实性——基于全球夜间灯光数据的检验》，《经济研究》2015年第9期，第17-29页。
“Despite global economic slowdown, the growth in the January-September period met expectations and maintained within an appropriate range,” Zong Liang, chief economist of Bank of China, said at the Guoshi Forum on the Chinese economy, hosted by China News Service in Beijing on October 18.
The economic structure has steadily improved, but the economy still faces downward pressure and external uncertainties, NBS spokesperson Mao Shengyong told a press conference on October 18, adding that more efforts are needed to boost consumption and expand effective investment to enhance economic resilience.
Salespersons at a yacht company receive visitors at the East Asia Marine Expo in Qingdao, east China’s Shandong Province, on September 5
A tax offi cer helps a business representative apply for tax and fee cuts in Fuzhou, southeast China’s Fujian Province, on August 21
Higher quality
A prominent highlight in Q1-Q3 economic performance laid in the stable job market, Wei Jianguo, Vice Chairman of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said.
“Notably, automobile sales continued on their downtrend. Therefore, much room for growth remains for China to expand consumer spending,” he told Beijing Review .
In addition, the per-capita disposable income reached 22,882 yuan ($3,225), with a real increase of 6.1 percent after adjusting for infl ation, in line with the GDP growth rate.
“The stable growth of employment amid economic slowdown can be attributed to industrial restructuring that is expanding the service sector and generating new industries,” Mao explained.
实际上，司马迁不仅不“先黄老而后六经”，在许多事情上，尤其是对历史人物和历史事件的评价上，“至圣”孔子的价值标准还成为司马迁的重要参考，许多时候司马迁甚至直接采用孔子的价值标准来对历史人物和历史事件进行评价。如：
The value added of the service sector, which accounted for 54 percent of total GDP, rose 7 percent in the first three quarters, contributing 60.6 percent to GDP growth.
Consumption, exports and investment have continued to serve as mainstays driving up the Chinese economy. According to NBS data, fi nal consumption expenditure contributed 60.5 percent to economic growth in the first three quarters, up 0.4 percentage point compared to the fi rst half of the year.
普遍、均等是图书馆服务的核心价值，在这个理念指导下，图书馆应该面向所有读者开放并提供服务。同理，图书馆儿童服务应该到达所有孩子身边，赫文斯在推动图书馆面向儿童开放后，又积极倡导图书馆服务应该到达所有孩子身边，让所有孩子都能平等地享受图书馆的服务。为了让不容易到馆的儿童获得图书馆服务，她积极建立流动图书馆与图书存放站，延伸图书馆儿童服务，大力促进公共图书馆与学校图书馆合作，通过各种方式让图书馆服务走出去。
采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件对数据进行处理，计量资料以“±s”表示，采用t检验，计数资料以百分数（%）表示，采用x2检验，以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义[3] 。
胸腔镜下肺癌根治术是治疗肺癌的常见手术方法，在确保微创的同时，也能保证肿瘤切除率[1]。快速康复外科(fast track surgery，FTS)通过微创外科技术、最佳术后镇痛以及早期活动和术后饮食等围手术期处理，减少应激反应，降低器官功能障碍的风险，维持生理状态，促进术后恢复，从而缩短住院时间[2]。我院将FTS理念应用于胸腔镜手术患者围手术期管理，现将结果报告如下。
Recent rebounds in indicators such as the manufacturing PMI and infrastructure investment are positive signs, Mao said. With booming consumption, steady economic restructuring and effective supporting policies, China has the right conditions to maintain steady economic performance in Q4, he added.
Stability
The secondary industry also registered stable growth, with a 5.6-percent year-on-year expansion in value added. Manufacturing output rose 5.9 percent, while hi-tech manufacturing led the overall growth with an increase of 8.7 percent.
Mao highlighted rebounds in the manufacturing industry as the manufacturing purchasing managers’ index (PMI) went up from 49.5 in August to 49.8 in September. “Although the reading remained under the boom-or-bust line of 50, the data suggests that both manufacturing production and market demand have seen expansion,” he said.
Retail sales of consumer goods, a gauge of consumption, rose 8.2 percent year on year nominally to about 29.6 trillion yuan ($4.2 trillion) during the period. With the exclusion of automobile sales, the growth rate was 9.1 percent.
A breakdown of the data showed the resilience of consumption growth, while the actual growth of retail sales of consumer goods stood at 6.4 percent, down from over 10 percent in the previous years, said Xu Hongcai, Deputy Director of the Economic Policy Commission, China Association of Policy Science.
NBS data showed that the number of newly added urban jobs across the country was 10.97 million, representing 99.7 percent of the annual target. The surveyed unemployment rate in urban areas stood at 5.2 percent in September, below the annual control target.
Data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) showed that vehicle sales dipped 10.3 percent to 18.37 million units year on year in the fi rst three quarters.
The new-energy vehicle (NEV) market was the only exception due to robust sales before the reduction of purchasing subsidies. According to CAAM, a total of 872,000 NEVs were sold in the fi rst nine months, up 20.8 percent year on year, with production surging 20.9 percent to 888,000 units.
Along with economic slowdown and trade uncertainties, policies on environmental protection have also exerted infl uence on the industry. Several provincial-level regions started implementing the China VI vehicle emission standards, which are some of the world’s strictest rules on automobile pollutants, in July.
“Since many developed countries still occupy a large share in the global market, China should diversify trading partners and promote technological upgrade in domestic enterprises,” he said.
Many auto enterprises have resorted to reducing production since applying upgraded technologies takes time, Chen Shihua, an assistant to secretary general of CAAM, said.
The good news is that the sluggish performance will not last long. As the decline in auto sales and production narrowed in Q3 under supporting policies, the domestic auto market may see a rebound in the following months, according to industry observers.
Trade and investment
Despite weak global economic growth and rising protectionist tide, China’s foreign trade remained resilient in the fi rst three quarters, Li Kuiwen, a spokesperson for the General Administration of Customs of China, said at a press conference on October 14. Customs data showed that total imports and exports rose 2.8 percent year on year to 22.91 trillion yuan ($3.2 trillion), with exports expanding 5.2 percent to over 12 trillion yuan ($1.7 trillion).
Though the volume of imports dropped 0.1 percent, imported goods became more diversified, ranging from daily commodities to hi-tech equipment and components. Moreover, private enterprises made up 42.3 percent of total foreign trade, with their volume growing 10.4 percent year on year to 9.69 trillion yuan ($1.35 trillion), Li said.
Trade with the United States dropped 10.3 percent on an annual basis to 2.75 trillion yuan ($388 billion), while that with the EU and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations hit 3.57 trillion yuan ($504 billion) and 3.14 trillion yuan ($443 billion), up 8.6 percent and 11.5 percent, respectively.
经 FPD检测器检测，发现样品图谱中分别含有出峰时间相互对应的 3个峰，通过与有机磷类农药标样检测图谱的出峰时间进行比对，确定检出的农药组分分别为敌敌畏、氧化乐果、甲基对硫磷。经ECD检测器检测，发现样品图谱中含有出峰时间相对应的 4个峰，通过与有机氯类农药标样检测图谱的出峰时间进行比对，确定检出的农药组分分别是乙烯菌核利、联苯菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯。
According to Wei, China needs to further boost imports to better meet domestic demand.
Other countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative accounted for 6.65 trillion yuan ($939 billion) of China’s imports and exports, up 9.5 percent year on year, which was 6.7 percentage points higher than the overall foreign trade growth rate in Q1-Q3.
从上面的统计对比看，总体上，中方的报道更倾向使用对话性扩展资源，预留较大的对话空间，允许读者对“一带一路”具有其他的立场观点。下文我们将结合例子对上述统计结果所表现出的立场态度倾向进行更为具体的解读和讨论。
What has roused more concerns is the fact that growth in the investment sector was below expectations. NBS data showed that fixed assets investment grew 5.4 percent year on year in the fi rst three quarters, retreating 0.1 percentage point from the January-August period. Private investment increased 4.7 percent in the same period, compared to 4.9 percent for the previous eight months.
The Qinzhou Port Area of the China (Guangxi) Pilot Free Trade Port Zone in south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on August 28
Total investment in property development jumped 10.5 percent year on year. According to Liu Hongyu, head of the Institute of Real Estate Studies under Tsinghua University, the policy of houses are for living in, not for speculation will continue to rein in the market.
Moreover, manufacturing investment, which grew 2.5 percent on a year-on-year basis, showed a downward trend. According to Mao, the slowdown indicates that the real economy still faces many diffi culties, making it necessary to improve the domestic business environment, enhance property rights protection and expand fi nancing support.
Encouragingly, investment in hi-tech manufacturing and hi-tech services grew 12.6 percent and 13.8 percent year on year, 7.2 percentage points and 8.4 percentage points higher than that of total investment, respectively.
综上所述，在现代小学语文的教学种应尊重学生的感受，在充分了解学生情感的发展特点的情况下，对其进行情感教育。教师是情感教育的实施者，要想在教学中有效地实施情感教育，教师就必须了解情感教育的含义及其重要性，在此基础上，采取相对应的各种措施保证情感教育的有效实施。教师应充分发挥情感教育的作用，在教学中不仅要让学生们学会知识，还要让他们领会到文中的丰富情感，并让这些健康的情感伴随着他们一路成长。
“Targeted measures are needed to control investment in the property market and improve manufacturing for further industrial upgrade,” Zong told Beijing Review .
Bright outlook
To cope with the economic downturn, China has stepped up counter-cyclical adjustments, channeling more funds into the real economy and furthering opening up.
Since the beginning of the year, the government has rolled out a host of policies to cut taxes and fees, and increased the issuance of special bonds by local governments, Mao said.
According to the Ministry of Finance, tax and fee cuts exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan ($212 billion) in the fi rst eight months, further easing the burden on enterprises and increasing income and employment.
Meanwhile, efforts are being made to create a more open market, including unveiling updated negative lists for foreign investment market access and launching new pilot free trade zones. The revised administrative regulations on foreign-invested banks and insurance companies lift restrictions on the business scope of entities, further opening up the fi nancial sector.
The moves have increasingly made China a magnet for global investment. Offi cial data showed that foreign direct investment into the Chinese mainland rose 6.5 percent year on year to 683.21 billion yuan ($96.27 billion) in the fi rst three quarters.
3、要加强和班干、寝室长的联系，通过这支队伍及时掌握班级学生的信息和动态，发挥学生干部的信息传达和督促作用，预防此类事件的发生，将问题尽早在萌芽状态解决。
In September, the growth of the consumer price index (CPI), the main gauge of infl ation, rose to a six-year high of 3 percent. At the same time, the producer price index (PPI), which measures costs for goods at the factory gate, dropped 1.2 percent.
“The rise of CPI in September was mainly caused by a recent increase in pork prices, which led to price hikes of other foods,” Wei said. In response, the government has released pork reserves to prevent rising prices from further weighing on consumers.
董力就加强水利资金监督管理工作提出六点意见。周英在总结讲话中对水利财务工作提出具体要求。水利部总工程师汪洪在会上宣读“关于表扬全国水利财务工作先进集体和先进个人的通报”。
According to Xu, a rising CPI and a dropping PPI suggest neither inflation nor defl ation. The rise of pork supply can make its prices stable again in the fi rst half of 2020.
Upbeat about the economic performance in the remaining months of the year, Wei predicted that the Q4 GDP growth would hit 6.2 percent, partly attributable to the rebounding consumption during upcoming festivals and positive outcomes of the China-U.S. trade talks and the negotiations on the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership deal.
“Efforts should be stepped up to further boost consumption, support private enterprises and improve foreign trade of central and western regions through industrial transfer,” Wei said. “Still, the country needs to stabilize the renminbi and promote the internationalization of its currency amid a changing international economic landscape.”
（3）完善钻井液处理剂行业标准，制修订适应目前技术发展需要的标准，填补目前部分行业标准空白，从而推动新技术的发展与应用。
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
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