高考英语试题填空通俗点的收集_谓语论文

高考英语试题填空通俗点的收集_谓语论文

高考英语单项填空题热门考点荟萃,本文主要内容关键词为:单项论文,考点论文,填空题论文,高考英语论文,热门论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。

分析全国及各省、市高考英语试卷,不难发现单项填空题保持了对语言基础知识的考查,侧重考查考生实际运用语言的能力,同时突出语境化、交际化的特点。本文对近几年各地高考英语试卷的单项填空题进行分析,寻找热门考点及解题规律,为师生备考提供帮助。

一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气:主语+(should)+动词原形

【典型考例】

1.My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend.(2013年陕西卷)

A.should

B.might

C.could

D.would

2.Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.(2013年浙江卷)

A.was

B.be

C.were

D.is

【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。根据语法规则,suggest和recommend后的宾语从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可省略,故分别选A和B。

【考点归纳】在某些动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可省略。常见的这类动词有“一个坚持”(insist),“两个命令”(order,command),“四个建议”(suggest,advise,propose,recommend)和“五个要求”(ask,require,demand,request,urge)。

二、条件句中的虚拟语气:If+主语+had done…(或Had+主语+done),主语+would/should/might/could have done…(对过去的虚拟)

【典型考例】

1.—Do you think George has passed the driving test?

—No.If so,he ________ his car to our college yesterday.(2013年福建卷)

A.would drive

B.drove

C.would have driven

D.had driven

2.I should not have laughed if I ________ you were serious.(2013年江苏卷)

A.thought

B.would think

C had thought

D.have thought

【解析】考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的用法。题1结合语境“如果George通过驾考的话,昨天他就开车来了”,主句用would have done。题2根据主句中should not have laughed可知此处是对过去的虚拟,因此if从句中谓语用过去完成时,故答案都是C。

【考点归纳】条件句中的虚拟语气有三种:(1)If+主语+had done…,主语+would/should/might/could have done…(表示对过去的虚拟);(2)If+主语+did/were.,主语+would/should/might/could do…(表示对现在的虚拟);(3)If+主语+should do/were to do/did…,主语+would/should/might/could do.(表示对将来的虚拟)。如条件句中有were,had,should这三个词,则可省略if,把这三个词放到句首。

三、状语从句的省略结构:状语从句连接词+名词/形容词/副词/doing/done/to do…+主句

【典型考例】

1.There are some health problems that,when ________ in time,can become bigger ones later on.(2013年浙江卷)

A.not treated

B.not being treated

C.not to be treated

D.not have been treated

2.When ________ for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he found it very interesting and re-warding.(2012年安徽卷)

A.asking

B.asked

C.having asked

D.to be asked

【解析】考查状语从句中的省略情况。题1根据状语problems are,则容易确定答案为A;题2空格前加上Philip was,则容易确定答案为B。

【考点归纳】状语从句中的省略有两种情况:(1)如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式(am,is,are,was,were),可同时省略从句的主语和be动词;(2)如果从句中有it is/was,且无意义,则可把它们一起省略,如:If it is necessary,I will buy this dictionary.=If necessary,I will buy this dictionary.

四、倍数的表达:倍数+as…as

【典型考例】

1.It's said that the power plant is now ________ large as what it was.(2013年安徽卷)

A.twice as

B.as twice

C.twice much

D.much twice

2.This restaurant wasn't ________ that other restaurant we went to.(2012年全国卷)

A.half as good as

B.as half good as

C.as good as half

D.good as half as

【解析】考查倍数的表达方式“倍数+as…as”结构。题1句意:据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。题2句意:这家餐厅不如我们去过的其他餐厅一半好。答案都是A。

【考点归纳】用形容词表示甲是乙的几倍时,可用下面三个句型,用副词表示则一般只用前两个句型。(1)倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+than,表示“……比……大/长/宽……几倍”;(2)倍数+as+形容词(或much)或副词+as,表示“……是……的几倍大小/长短/数量等”;(3)倍数+the size/length/height…of,表示“……是……的几倍大小/长短/数量等”。

如,这条河流是那条河流的五倍长。可译成:

This river is four times longer than that one.

This river is five times as long as that one.

This river is five times the length of that one.

五、强调句型:It+is/was+…that...

【典型考例】

1.It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.(2013年天津卷)

A.that

B.where

C.why

D.when

2.It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.(2013年新课标Ⅱ卷)

A.when

B.that

C.which

D.what

【解析】考查强调句。题1考查固定句型not…until的强调句,其句型结构为:It was not until…that+句子。题2可还原为:Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers.即可判断强调部分是状语“only after he had read the papers”。答案分别为A和B。

【考点归纳】强调句型的基本结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(指人)+句子其他部分”,被强调部分可以是除了谓语动词的其他任何成分。同时,强调结构与其他含it的结构非常相似,很容易混淆。区别办法是:如去掉“It is/was…that…”结构后句子仍然成立,则为强调句。

六、表条件的祈使句:祈使句+and/or+陈述句

【典型考例】

1.Read this story,________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.(2013年四川卷)

A.or

B.and

C.but

D.so

2.Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs ________ you could have problems.(2013年北京卷)

A.or

B.and

C.but

D.so

【解析】考查固定句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”。题1句意:读读这个故事,然后你就会明白并不是所有东西都能用钱买到。此处表顺承关系,故用and。题2句意:在你没有关闭所有程序之前不要关掉电脑,否则可能出现问题。此处表转折关系,故用or。

【考点归纳】“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”相当于一个条件状语从句,and表顺承关系,而or表转折关系,or还可用or else或otherwise替换。该句型有如下两种变化形式。

(1)祈使句+破折号+陈述句,如:

Hurry up—perhaps you'll catch the train.(赶快,也许你会赶上火车的。)

(2)名词词组+and+陈述句,名词词组中通常含有more,another,further,earlier等词,如:

A few minutes more,and I could have finished the task.(要是多几分钟的话,我就可能完成这个任务了。)

七、部分倒装:助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他

【典型考例】

1.Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2013年湖南卷)

A.occurred it

B.it did occur

C.it occurred

D.did it occur

2.Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important.(2013年福建卷)

A.had he realized

B.did he realize

C.he realized

D.he had realized

3."Never for a second," the boy says,"________ that my father would come to my rescue."(2013年江苏卷)

A.I doubt

B.I have doubted

C.do I doubt

D.did I doubt

【解析】答案分别是D,B,D。这三题分别有表否定意义的词“not,not until,never”放于句首,因此主句需要部分倒装;根据语境可知都是一般过去时。

【考点归纳】只将助动词、be动词或情态动词放到主语之前的倒装称为半倒装或部分倒装。高考常考的部分倒装有以下四种:(1)表否定意义的单词或短语放于句首,如:hardly,seldom,never,little,not,not only,in no way,by no means,in no case…;(2)only+副词、短语或从句,用于句首表示强调;(3)以so开头的句子,表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者:so+谓语+主语,表“……也如此”;(4)以neither,nor开头的句子,表示前面否定的情况也适用于后者:neither/nor+谓语+主语,表“……也不”。

八、对过去行为的推测:情态动词+have+done

【典型考例】

1.The children ________ lost in the woods; other-wise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.(2013年陕西卷)

A.must have got

B.must get

C.should have got

D.should get

2.Since nobody gave him any help,he ________ have done the research on his own.(2013年新课标Ⅱ卷)

A.can

B.must

C.would

D.need

【解析】答案分别为A和B。题1句意:孩子们一定在树林里迷路了;否则,他们会按计划到达湖边的营地了。题2句意:由于没人帮他,因此他一定是一个人做的那个研究。这两题都是对过去行为的肯定推测,因此用must have done。

【考点归纳】常见的对过去行为的推测句型有以下几种:(1)must+have+done,对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,只用于肯定句;(2)can't/couldn't+have+done,对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”;(3)may/might+have+done,对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经做过”或“也许已经做过”,用于肯定句中;(4)should+have+done,意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做”,shouldn't+have+done,意思是“本来不应该做某事,而实际做了”,含有指责对方或自责的含意;(5)need+have+done,意思是“本来需要做某事而没有做”,needn't have+done,则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。

九、让步状语从句:no matter how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语

【典型考例】

1.One can always manage to do more things,no matter ________ full one's schedule is in life.(2013年辽宁卷)

A.how

B.what

C.when

D.where

2.No matter how ________,it is not necessarily lifeless.(2011年辽宁卷)

A.a desert may be dry

B.dry a desert may be

C.may a desert be dry

D.dry may a desert be

【解析】答案分别是A和B。题1句意:一个人无论他的日程排得多满,总是能设法做更多的事情。空格后的full是形容词,用how修饰,构成让步状语从句。题2句意:无论沙漠多么干燥,都不会是毫无生机的。no matter how后面要跟形容词或副词,再加主语和谓语。

【考点归纳】no matter how=however,意为“无论怎样”,引导让步状语从句时,后面要跟形容词或副词,再加主语和谓语。

十、as引导的让步状语从句:名词/形容词/副词/动词+as+主语+谓语

【典型考例】

1.Hot ________ the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.(2012年陕西卷)

A.although

B.as

C.while

D.however

2.Try ________ she might,Sue couldn't get the door open.(2011年全国大纲卷)

A.if

B.when

C.since

D.as

【解析】答案分别为B和D。题1句意:尽管夜间的空气很热,但我们睡得很沉,因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。表语hot提前,用as引导让步状语从句,although不能用于倒装结构。题2句意:尽管她尝试了,但还是打不开那扇门。动词try提前,因此用as引导让步状语从句。

【考点归纳】as作“虽然”讲时,要用倒装结构。主要体现在三种情况:(1)表语(名词/形容词)+as+主语+谓语(若表语是单数名词,不用不定冠词);(2)状语(副词)+as+主语+谓语;(3)动词+as+主语+谓语。

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高考英语试题填空通俗点的收集_谓语论文
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