论坛与工作坊
Forums and Workshops
12 月5 日上午，第十三届孔子学院大会校长论坛与专题论坛成功举办。来自45 个国家的孔子学院所在大学校长、中外院长和专家学者等100 多名代表，围绕“办学模式和管理机制创新”“评价与退出机制建设”“骨干教师职业化发展”“‘汉语+’特色实现”“孔子学院合作伙伴体系培育”“孔子学院双向文化交流”“孔子学院数字化革新”“孔子学院公共形象塑造”等8 大主题和“提升孔子学院学术水平”“孔子学院与职业技能培训”2 个重点专题，为孔子学院改革创新建言献策，提出许多建设性的意见和建议，吸引1200 余人参与讨论，现场气氛热烈。
关于孔子学院办学模式和管理机制创新
总部理事、美国国家工程院院长丹·牟德强调，孔子学院的发展需要找准定位，继续坚持和突出语言教育属性，体现双方契约合作的精神，以公开、透明的协议文本规范双方合作内容。总部理事、山东大学校长樊丽明指出，中方院校亟需从顶层设计、整体规划和制度保障等方面加强支撑能力建设。孔子学院应纳入中方学校“一把手”工程，出台专门的制度性文件，设立专门机构人员，探索建立“智库、基金、学科、团队”一体化的研究支撑模式。法国诺欧商学院副校长达维娜指出，孔子学院主动纳入所在大学的管理机制，既可以更好地发挥孔子学院项目最大效益，还能够增加孔子学院透明度、理解度。更好的融入机制将是对个别国家对孔子学院不当批评的强有力反驳。美国威廉玛丽大学副教务长汉森指出，威廉玛丽大学的创新管理是“共享治理”。该校将孔子学院纳入学校多层治理，专门成立咨询委员会，孔子学院有“自下而上”的基层根基，与学校相关学术部门联系紧密，中外教师在开放透明的国际学术环境中相互合作，共同推动了教学与学术的开展。
慢性肺源性心脏病是肺组织、胸廓和肺动脉系统的病变导致的肺动脉高压,患者还会合并右心功能衰竭,大部分都是因为慢性阻塞性肺疾病所导致的。患者急性发作期优于缺氧和二氧化碳潴留导致了肺动脉痉挛,血液粘度上升,高凝和血栓前状态。当前临床中对于微循环变化的研究比较深入,加上其他的报道,人们对慢性肺源性心脏病心力衰竭的关注度比较高,此次我院就低分子肝素钙联合前列地尔治疗的效果进行了分析研究,有以下报道。
关于孔子学院评价与退出机制建设
中外代表一致认为，建立健全孔子学院评价和退出机制，既要有明确的目的和原则，也要采用多样且因地制宜的途径和方法。新西兰惠灵顿维多利亚大学孔子学院理事长包逸之表示，建立孔子学院评价和退出机制的最终目的，是为了引导和促进孔院的发展，推动提高孔子学院的办学水平，更好地为大学等各利益相关方服务。泰国曼松德昭帕亚皇家师范大学副校长春拉达提出，应尽快制定孔子学院相关评估规程，并运用科学的方法制定评价指标体系、程序及规则，采取自我评估和第三方评估等相结合的方式实施。法国留尼汪大学前副校长莫合表示，在执行具体评估时，可以借鉴商界普遍推行的评估办法，比如SWOT 分析、成本—收益分析等进行货币化考量，也可以采用非货币化方法，比如通过评判孔子学院塑造的外部形象、社会价值、对所在国教育和技能的贡献等，建立孔子学院的评价和退出机制。
关于骨干教师的职业化
中外代表一致认为，骨干教师是保障孔子学院教学质量的中坚力量，应成为教师队伍中的模范和带头人，应加快建设一支素质全面、业务精湛的高标准、职业化孔子学院骨干教师队伍。北京语言大学校长刘利建议创新骨干教师培养模式，通过建立教育学院、中外联合培养等方式打造复合型、专业化高素质汉语国际教育师资人才队伍。柬埔寨皇家科学院院长宋独建议完善培训体系和机制，建立本土教师实习基地，为赴任教师提供岗前、岗中培训；继续开展对本土教师的学历培养，推进本土汉语教师来华深造、研修，打造更多“带不走的本土汉语教师队伍”。日本北陆大学专务理事周航建议，骨干教师职业发展需考虑各国的政策、制度、法律以及职称评聘、工资待遇、攻读学位等有关方面的问题，建构职业化评估指标体系。
关于“汉语+”与孔子学院特色化发展
中外代表一致认为，孔子学院的因地制宜与特色发展重点在于满足各国民众学习汉语、了解中国的多样化需求。孔子学院扎根本土，灵活多样地开展语言教学和文化交流活动，为巩固和夯实与各国的友好关系做出了重要贡献。一是找准“汉语+”定位，整合优势资源，开展特色化课程。二是拓宽“汉语+”内容，推动校企合作，提升孔子学院服务职能。三是提升“汉语+”质量，开展优质文化项目，促进双向文化交流。北京师范大学校长董奇等提出孔子学院一方面应依托大学学科优势不断拓宽“汉语+”内容，另一方面应跳出孔子学院自身，多思考当地民众，特别是青年的需求，通过与政府、企业、社会各界的合作，将社会需求、职业发展与语言教学结合，使“汉语+”成为一个综合服务项目。
整体来看，目前孔子学院学术研究主要有四个特征：一是学术研究集中在汉语教学教育领域；二是学术研究和语言教学、文化交流密切关联，成为当前工作的三大支柱，其中学术研究的支柱作用还需进一步深化，形成理论体系和话语体系；三是除语言教学研究外，各孔子学院自身开展跨学科学术交流活动所需的积累不足，北京外国语大学李雪涛教授建议，孔子学院可发挥学术协同和组织作用，间接促进其学术能力的提升；四是各孔子学院正积极结合中外合作高校的学科特点与优势，推进“汉语+其他学科”的科研探索。
关于孔子学院的数字化建设
在慕课浪潮的冲击下，大学英语教育教学改革任务艰巨，对教师的职业素养,要求也不断提高。大学英语教师不仅要具有良好的人格风范、职业道德等师德素养，还要能够熟练运用教育心理学、教育技术学、教学设计等教育理论不断改进教学方法，同时，还要在教学改革中加强教研、科研水平和学术素养。
关于培育孔子学院的多元化合作伙伴关系
中外代表一致认为，构建多元化合作伙伴关系是孔子学院可持续发展的一大动力，每一所孔子学院都有丰富的潜在合作资源，合作对象应包含但不限于中外方院校、中小学、当地政府机构、企业、社会团体和其他孔子学院。在寻找合作对象时，需要了解各方的优势与需求，善于借助平台开展优质合作。美国瓦尔普莱索大学助理教务长拉曼指出，孔子学院与企业正在逐步发展成资源与优势互补的战略合作伙伴关系，这种联系既有助于孔子学院深度融入本土，又有利于统筹各方优势资源，形成办学合力。法国阿尔多瓦大学校长马莫内指出，汉语教学是构建多元合作伙伴关系的基础，文化活动是窗口，考察体验是手段，学术论坛及学术讲座是桥梁，本土化师资培训是重要渠道。孔子学院拉美中心主任拉封登指出，孔子学院应致力于挖掘中外合作方专长，不断开展可持续、有市场前景的主题项目，同时重视公关宣传，让高品质的内容被各界广泛了解，增强孔子学院影响力。
选取某神经精神病医院收治的心肌缺血患者80例，将患者随机分两组，治疗组和对照组。其中治疗组40例，男24例，女16例，年龄38～80岁，平均（62.5±8.2）岁，病程3个月～12年，平均（5.2±2.3）年；对照组40例，男26例，女14例，年龄40～79岁，平均（63.1±7.5）岁，病程4个月～11年，平均（4.3±1.7）年。两组患者的年龄、性别和病程长短比较；差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。
关于塑造和展示孔子学院公共形象
On the building of evaluation m echanism and exit mechanism of Confucius Institute, Chinese and foreign representatives agreed that the establishment and improvement of the evaluation mechanism and exit mechanism require def inite purposes and principles as well as m ultiple measures that conform to local conditions. Tony Browne, Chairman of the Board of the Confucius Institute at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, suggested that the ultim ate goal of establishing the evaluation mechanism and exit mechanism is to guide and promote the development of Confucius Institute, im prove school running level, and better serve all the stakeholders including universities. Chollada Pongpatthanayothin, Vice President of Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University in Thailand, proposed that relevant evaluation regulations of Confucius Institute should be established as soon as possible. Scientif ic methods should be employed to set up evaluation index system, procedures and rules, and this system should be im plem ented in a way that com bines self-evaluation and third-party evaluation. Nicolas Moreau, former Vice President of University of Reunion Island, indicated that when carrying out specif ic evaluations, both the approaches generally adopted in the business circle, such as SWOT analysis and costbenef it analysis, and nonmonetary approaches, such as evaluating a Confucius Institute's image, social value and its contribution to the country's education and skills, can be used to establish evaluation m echanism and exit m echanism of Confucius Institute.
关于提升孔子学院学术水平
在具体的教育方法和手段方面，经过十余年的建设，目前国内较好的新闻院系都配置了仿制传统媒体的实验教学中心，但是在面向未来网络传播的转型时期，以“融媒体”“云平台”为技术理念和先导的，以虚拟仿真为特点的下一代新闻传播实验中心建设，则又成为燃眉之急。
On the morning of December 5, the presidents' forum s and special forum s of the 13th Confucius Institute Conference were successfully held. Over 100 representatives including presidents, Chinese and foreign directors, experts and scholars of the Confucius Institutes in 45 countries offered a number of constructive opinions and suggestions on Confucius Institute's reform and innovation. The presidents' forum s centered on 8 themes, namely “innovation in the schooling pattern and m anagem ent mechanism”, “the building of evaluation mechanism and exit mechanism”, “professionalism of backbone teachers”, “Chinese + and specialized development”, “cultivating plural partnership system”, “building two-way and plural platform s for comm unication”, “digitalization of Confucius Institute”, and “shaping and showcasing the public image of Confucius Institute”; and 2 sp ecial forums focused on the topics of “improving academic level of Confucius Institute” and “Confucius Institute and vocational skill training”. More than 1200 p eople took an active p art in the discussion.
关于孔子学院与职业技能培训
代表们一致认为，孔子学院历经十余年发展，拥有广泛的师生资源和当地社会关系网络，具有组织开展职业技能培训的先天优势。赞比亚大学校长穆恩巴等代表指出，“汉语+职业技能培训”海外市场供不应求，每所孔子学院开拓职业技能培训可聚焦中外重点合作项目，发展一至两项突出专业，通过建立培训“区域联盟”，实现优势互补。中国有色金属工业人才中心党委副书记、副主任宋凯介绍，目前国内企业在海外开展的职业技能培训较为分散，未能形成合力，亟需统筹企业培训。孔子学院开展职业技能培训要找准定位，立足所在地区实际情况，积极与企业沟通对接，在职业培训、推荐实习与就业方面发挥作用。
中外代表一致认为，孔子学院的数字化建设对促进孔子学院提质增效，实现孔子学院可持续发展具有战略意义。德国海德堡大学副校长赫尔曼等建议引入云计算、大数据、人工智能等先进互联网技术，搭建汉语教学、实训与测评数字化平台；研发高质量在线汉语课程与数字化教材，汇聚分享优质教育资源，为教师、学生提供更多的线上汉语教学资源，打造更开放的汉语教学平台。天津外国语大学校长陈法春建议开发孔子学院信息化管理平台，实现资源共享、全向交互、智能管控的创新化、开放化、个性化智慧教育管理。华南师范大学副校长吴坚建议加强与文化传播机构、新媒体、互联网企业等的合作，借助虚拟现实等新技术手段，实现多领域共赢，逐步构建文化传播的资源生态链。
总而言之，不怕你多么“任性”，就是形势比人强。 从这个角度看，陀思妥耶夫斯基或地下人关于任性和“瘙痒”的论述，不过是自由主义、个人主义的形象化表述，是19世纪后期非理性主义哲学思潮中的一条溪流。 这个“瘙痒”在陀思妥耶夫斯基那里也许还比较出色(卓越)，但到了罗扎诺夫的时代，就不是那么突出了。 可以说，罗扎诺夫的非理性主义思想和极端个人主义思想的发扬光大，受到了陀氏“瘙痒”的强烈影响。
为进一步提升孔子学院学术水平，代表们建议：一是希望总部加大统筹和支持力度，使语言教学、文化交流和学术研究的三驾马车协同前进；二是建议重点围绕孔子学院工作重心，聚焦汉语教学主业，形成科学完备的汉语应用语言学体系，并着力构建中国研究数据资料平台，形成孔子学院学术数据供给体系。俄罗斯国立人文大学副校长帕夫伦科女士提到该校孔子学院已纳入大学学术研究系统，成为该校研究与中国相关议题的资源中心和数据中心；三是建议区别孔子学院自身学术研究能力和学术平台组织能力，分门别类地给予制度性鼓励和支持，实现中外跨校、跨学科资源共享，扩大孔子学院平台促进中外双向人文与学术交流方面的衍生价值。
On the “Chinese Language +” and specialized developm ent of Confucius Institute, Chinese and foreign representatives agreed that the m ain focus of individualized developm ent strategies of Confucius Institute is to satisfy diversif ied needs of all people in the world, such as to learn the Chinese language and get a better understanding of China. In fact, Confucius Institute takes root in local conditions, and teaches Chinese and makes cultural exchanges in a f lexible way, which has contributed greatly to enhancing China's relationship with different countries. For a better specialized development, Confucius Institute m ust: f irst, identify the right direction of the “Chinese Language +” project, integrate all the good resources, and offer individualized courses; second, enrich the “Chinese +”, promote cooperation between universities and enterprises, and im prove Confucius Institute's service function; and third, upgrade the quality of the “Chinese +”, and carry out high-quality cultural projects to strengthen two-way cultural exchanges. Dong Qi, President of Beijing Normal University, and others proposed that Confucius Institute should, on one hand, constantly enrich the “Chinese +” by virtue of outstanding disciplines of universities, and on the other hand, look outside of their own needs, and consider what the local people, especially the young, really need. Through the cooperation with governments, enterprises and other sectors of the society, Confucius Institute should combine the language teaching with social demands and vocational development, so as to m ake the “Chinese +” project a com prehensive service project.
中外代表一致认为，孔子学院品牌形象依各国情况有不同呈现方式，需积极自塑公共形象，主动开拓虚拟平台，注重内容与渠道的匹配。关于北美孔子学院公共形象塑造，总部理事、美国纽约州立大学石溪分校校长斯坦利，美国卫斯理安学院校长福勒等建议孔子学院转型升级，主动融入大学发展战略；参与到社区服务中，发挥孔子学院社会价值，增强民众认可度。美国亚利桑那州立大学副校长萨尔蒙建议孔子学院主动向外界公开其活动信息，提高透明度，积极接触所在州政府与社会名流，使美国社会各界更客观全面了解孔子学院。加拿大魁北克道森学院校长李飞龙指出，提高孔子学院作为汉语教学权威平台和人文交流重要窗口的核心竞争力有助于塑造良好的公共形象。
On professionalism of backbone teachers, both Chinese and foreign representatives agreed that backbone teachers are the dominant force to guarantee the teaching quality of Confucius Institute. Confucius Institute teachers should strive to become m odels or p ace-setters in teaching. Meanwhile, Confucius Institute must accelerate the cultivation of a high-standard and professional team of well-rounded backbone teachers. Liu Li, President of Beijing Language and Culture University, suggested m aking innovation in cultivation mode of backbone teachers and building a talented team of inter-disciplinary and high-quality international TCSOL (Teaching Chinese to Speakers of Other Languages) professionals by establishing educational colleges and co-training of China and foreign countries. Sok Touch, President of Royal Academy of Cambodia, suggested improving training system and m echanism and building indigenous teachers' practice bases, so as to provide teachers with pre-job training and in-service training. In addition, he suggested continuously developing education training for indigenous teachers, and encouraging them to go to China for further education and training, in a bid to foster more indigenous Chinese teachers working in their own countries. Zhou Hang, Executive Management Director of Hokuriku University, advised that different countries' policies, institutions and laws as well as professional-title evaluation, wages and degree program s should be taken into account in vocational developm ent of backbone teachers. Besides, evaluation index system of professionalism should be established.
作为广东省SCI论文的重要组成部分，广东省自然科学基金和省联合基金资助的SCI论文产出数量大、增速快，对广东省SCI论文的产能及其科研竞争力的提升有着重要的贡献。本文以广东省自然科学基金和省联合基金资助产出的高质量论文进行总结分析，从SCI收录论文和国内论文的产出数量与被引频次及其增长趋势、高被引论文情况、论文的学科与研究方向分布、科研机构分布、来源出版及影响因子、国内以及国际论文的合作情况等进行深入分析。
On the them e of innovation in the schooling pattern and management mechanism, Dan Mote, Member of the Council of the Confucius Institute Headquarters and President of the National Academy of Engineering of the US, emphasized that the development of Confucius Institute depends on a right direction. Therefore, the attribute of language education of Confucius Institute should continuously be upheld and highlighted. To embody the spirit of contract and coop eration, both sides should regulate their cooperation based on open and transparent agreements. Fan Lim ing, Mem ber of the Council of the Confucius Institute Headquarters and President of Shandong University, pointed out that Chinese universities urgently need to enhance the supp orting ability in top-level design, integrated planning and system guarantee. Confucius Institute should be incorporated into the “the f irst place project of the adm inistration of Chinese universities”; specialized institutional documents should be issued; specialized institutions should be established, and an integrated research supporting pattern combining “think tanks, funds, disciplines and team s” should be set up. Céline Davesne, Vice President of NEOMA Business School, indicated that the Confucius Institutes actively incorporating into their universities' operation mechanism can not only make Confucius Institute projects work m ost effectively, but also strengthen the transparency and people's understanding of Confucius Institute. A better incorporation into relevant mechanism is a powerful proof against some countries' improper criticism on Confucius Institute. Stephen Hanson, Vice Provost of College of William & Mary, suggested that the innovation in the operation of College of William & Mary was “shared governance”. The college incorporated its Confucius Institute under the multi-level governance and specially established an advisory committee. As a result, the Confucius Institute got a “bottom-up” foundation in the college and hence was closely related to the college's relevant academ ic departm ents. Chinese and foreign teachers cooperated with each other in an open and transparent environment, and together promoted teaching and academic research.
On the digitalization of Confucius Institute, representatives at home and abroad agreed that the digitalization of Confucius Institute has a strategic signif icance for Confucius Institute to improve quality, increase eff iciency and promote sustainable developm ent. Experts represented by Dieter W. Heerm ann, Vice President of Heidelberg University, suggested that Confucius Institute should bring in the advanced Internet technology, such as cloud computing, big data and artif icial intelligence to build the digital platforms of Chinese language teaching, practical training and evaluation. Besides, in order to provide teachers and students with more online teaching materials and make the Chinese language teaching more open, high-quality online Chinese courses and digital teaching m aterials should be developed and high-quality educational resources should be gathered and shared. Chen Fachun, President of Tianjin Foreign Studies University, advised the building of the information management platform for Confucius Institute to realize an innovative, open and individualized smart education adm inistration which allows resource sharing, multilevel interaction and intelligent control. Wu Jian, Vice President of South China Normal University, suggested that Confucius Institute should enhance the cooperation with cultural dissemination institutions, new m edia and internet enterprises, and realize a win-win situation in different f ields by new technological means like virtual reality. As a result, an ecological chain of resources for cultural dissemination can be gradually established.
On cultivating plural p artnership system, Chinese and foreign representatives agreed that as every Confucius Institute has rich p otential resources for cooperation, cultivating plural partnership system would be a p owerful driving force for Confucius Institute's sustainable development. And Confucius Institute's partners should include but are not limited to Chinese and foreign universities, prim ar y and secondar y schools, local authorities, enterprises, social organizations and other Confucius Institutes. When looking for cooperation partners, it is necessary to learn about advantages and needs of all parties, and to carr y out high-quality coop eration by virtue of different platforms. Shankar Raman, Assistant Provost of Valp araiso University, pointed out that Confucius Institute and enterprises are gradually becoming strategic p artners who enjoy complementar y advantages and resources. The p artnership can not only help Confucius Institute integrate into local culture deeply, but also is conducive to integrating the superior resources of all parties to form joint forces for running a school. Pasquale Mamm one, President of Artois University, indicated that in terms of cultivating plural partnership, Chinese language teaching is the basis; cultural activities are media; explorations and experiences are m easures; academ ic forums and lectures are bridges; and training of indigenous teachers is an important approach. Roberto Lafontaine, Director of the Confucius Institute Latin America Regional Center, suggested that Confucius Institute should comm it to tapping the advantages of both the Chinese and foreign p artners, and constantly implement sustainable and prom ising projects. Meanwhile, they must attach importance to public relations, so as to make excellent contents widely known by all walks of life and strengthen the inf luence of Confucius Institute.
On shaping and showcasing the public image of Confucius Institute, Chinese and foreign representatives reached an agreement that according to different countries' conditions, brand image of Confucius Institute should be presented in different ways. It dem ands that Confucius Institute actively shape its own public im age and set up virtual platforms, while attaching importance to matching between contents and channels. As for the shaping of the image of Confucius Institute in North America, experts represented by Sam uel L Stanley, Mem ber of the Council of the Confucius Institute Headquarters and President of State University of New York at Stony Brook, and Vivia Fowler, President of Wesleyan University, advised Confucius Institute to carr y out transformation and upgrading, actively integrate into universities' development strategies, and p articipate in comm unity ser vices, so as to give play to social value and make it more accepted and p opular. Matthew Salm on, Vice President of Arizona State University, advised Confucius Institute to actively give access to information of its activities, increase the transparency and contact with local authorities and celebrities, so as to make the US society get a m ore objective and comprehensive understanding of Confucius Institute. Richard Filion, President of Dawson College of Canada, indicated that strengthening Confucius Institute's core competitiveness as an authoritative platform for Chinese teaching and a signif icant medium for p eople-to-people and cultural exchanges can contribute to shaping the sound public im age of Confucius Institute.
On im proving the academic level of Confucius Institute, generally sp eaking, there are four features of the academic research of Confucius Institute: First, the focus of the academic research is the teaching of the Chinese language and education. Second, academic research, language teaching and cultural exchanges are closely related and have become the three pillars of current work, and the pillar role of academic research still needs to be deepened, so as to form theoretical system and discourse system. Third, except for language teaching research, Confucius Institute is short of experience in organizing interdisciplinary academic exchanges. Considering that, Prof. Li Xuetao of Beijing Foreign Studies University, proposed that Confucius Institute should play a role in academ ic collaboration and organization to upgrade their academic abilities indirectly. Fourth, various Confucius Institutes are positively com bining the features and advantages of disciplines of Chinese and foreign cooperative universities to advance the scientif ic research on “Chinese + other disciplines”.
To further improve the academic level of Confucius Institute, representatives suggested that: First, the Confucius Institute Headquarters should enhance its function of coordination and supp ort to make the troika of language teaching, cultural exchanges and academic research move forward together. Second, priority should be given to the core of Confucius Institute's work. It must focus on the major work of Chinese language teaching, establish scientif ic and com plete applied linguistics system of Chinese, comm it to building the Chinese research data platform and set up Confucius Institute's supply system of academic data. Ms. Olga V. Pavlenko, Vice-Rector of Russian State University for the Hum anities, m entioned that the Confucius Institute at her university had been incorporated into the university's academic research system, and becom e the resource center and data center of the university's research on topics related to China. Third, it is better to distinguish Confucius Institute's ability in academic research from that in organization of academic platforms, so that institutional encouragement and support can be given according to different categories. Besides, they should share resources cross disciplines and universities at home and abroad, and increase Confucius Institute's derived value in stimulating two-way p eople-topeople, cultural and academic exchanges between China and foreign countries.
On Confucius Institute and vocational skill training, representatives all agreed that through m ore than a decade of development, Confucius Institute now has extensive resources of teachers and students and many local social relations, gaining advantages to organize and carry out vocational skill training. Som e representatives, including Luke Evuta Mumba, Chancellor of University of Zambia, suggested that the “Chinese + vocational skill training” was in short supply in overseas market. To carr y out vocational skill training, every Confucius Institute could focus on key projects of cooperation between China and foreign countries, develop one or two outstanding specialties, and com plem ent each other's strengths by establishing “regional alliance” of training. Song Kai, Deputy Secretar y of the CPC Comm ittee and Deputy Director of Human Resource Center of China Nonferrous Metal Industry, introduced that the current vocational skill trainings held abroad by Chinese enterprises were relatively sporadic, failing to form a joint force, so it was urgently needed to make overall planning for these trainings. Confucius Institute's effective engagement in vocational skill training depends on a right direction. Therefore, Confucius Institute must take root in local conditions, and actively contact and integrate with enterprises, so as to play a role in vocational skill training, internship, and employment recommendation.
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