高考英语阅读理解标题判断题解题三要素，本文主要内容关键词为：阅读理解论文,高考英语论文,判断题论文,三要素论文,标题论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
历年高考英语阅读理解考查实践表明，标题判断题是高考英语阅读理解的必考项目，它主要考查考生对文章主题思想的把握和抽象概括语言的能力，解标题判断题应注意下列几点：
一、熟悉标题，提高解题的针对性
标题能高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题的文字，往往短小精悍，言简意赅。它既可以是单词、短语，也可以是简短句子，甚至可以是疑问词加不定式结构或名词加同位语结构。除有介绍功能外，不少标题情感浓烈，可以表示鼓励、劝告、建议、批评、讽刺、赞美、表扬等感情，教育意义强，感染度高。高考英语阅读理解所配标题常见形式如下：
1.短语型标题
Noble Companions（08北京70，表示赞扬）
A Race Against Death（08湖北72，表示介绍）
All for a Nap（08四川46，表示介绍）
Grandmother's Quilt（08重庆59）
Harmony in Family（07北京71，表示介绍）
Win-Cube Program（07湖南59，表示介绍）
Cross-Cultural Differences（07安徽75，表示介绍）
Happiness through Honorable Actions（07广东50，表示劝告）
Toni Morrison and Her Novel Love（06山东61，表示介绍）
2.祈使句型标题：
Don't Expect a Perfect Speech（07辽宁75，表示劝告）
Test Your Reading（05重庆62，表示建议）
We're Alone Together on the Internet（07江苏63，表示介绍）
Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time（07山东75，表示介绍）
3.名词性从句型标题
What He Valued Most（08江苏70，表示介绍）
Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon（08山东66，表示介绍）
Chocolate May Cure Coughs（08全国Ⅱ56，表示介绍）
What T-shirts Can Teach US（06全国卷Ⅱ60，表示介绍）
4.疑问词+不定式型标题
How to Mend & Troubled Friendship（06全国卷Ⅱ53，表示介绍）
5.同位语型标题
Charity Shop:Where You Buy to Donate（08天津43，表示介绍）
The Silk Road:East Meets West（08陕西56，表示介绍）
Christmas:Not a Good Festival for Santas（05江西59，表示介绍）
二、熟悉标题配备原则，提高解题命中率
1.标题应具备高度的概括性
标题的最大特点就是要体现主题思想，因此标题必须具备高度概括性，一看到标题，往往要使读者知道文章主要介绍什么内容。
2.标题应具备强烈的针对性
尽管标题是对文章内容的概括和总结，但也不能太过于抽象、乏化、笼统，而失去对文章具体内容的指向性，否则标题就不具有个性，无论你将标题阅读多少遍也无法弄清文章到底是介绍哪一方面的具体内容。
3.标题应具备一定的醒目性
标题是文章首先映入读者眼帘的内容，为打动读者的内心，标题必须使用精彩的语言。这种语言要么情感浓烈，真挚感人；要么新颖时尚，引领潮流；要么短小精悍，言简意赅：要么对称和谐，丰满匀称，给人美感，醒目。
三、提炼主题，解答试题
提炼主题配备标题有下列三种途径：
1.由首节提炼主题配备标题
因为首节往往是作者最想给读者介绍的内容，是作者最想打动读者、震撼读者的内容，因此往往体现了文章主旨。显然认真阅读文章首节，领会其精神实质，往往可以提炼出文章主题，从而成功地给文章配备标题。
例1:Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines,say UK researchers.（2008全国卷Ⅱ阅读D篇首节）
试题（56题）:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.Codeine:A New Medicine
B.Chocolate May Cure Coughs
C.Cough Treatment:A Hard Case
D.Theobromine Can Cause Coughs
分析：B。认真阅读文章首节不难发现这是文章主题句，主要介绍巧克力中的某些成分可以用来制药止咳，因此以Chocolate May Cure Coughs为题准确贴切。另外该标题短小精悍，言简意赅，也具有一定的醒目性。
例2:Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert（警报） system using text messages delivered to cell phones.（2008山东卷阅读B篇首节）
试题（66题）:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students
B.Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Industry
C.Cell Phone Alerts of National Disasters
D.Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon
分析：D。认真阅读分析原文首节可以推断其是文章主题句，它介绍一个利用手机短信功能发布紧急警报的系统已形成计划，因此以Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon为题十分妥当。
2.由末节提炼主题配备标题
因为末节是作者想给读者留下最后的印象，是作者给读者所做的最后嘱托，因此末节常常体现文章的主题。显然认真阅读文章的末节内容，领会作者的写作目的，常常可以准确地获得文章主题，顺利地给文章配备标题。例如：
The shops have very low running costs:all profits go to charity work.Charity shops raise more than ￡ 110 million a year,funding （资助） medical research,overseas aid,supporting sick and poor children,homeless and disabled people ,and much more.What better place to Spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense.You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.（2008天津卷阅读B篇末节）
试题（43题）:Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A.What to Buy at Charity Shops
B.Charity Shop:Its Origin & Development
C.Charity Shop:Where You Bay to Donate
D.The Public's Concern about Charity Shops
分析：C。认真阅读分析末节内容不难发现，What! better place to spend your money? You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense.You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.体现作者写作目的是告诉人们慈善商店是花钱购物资助困难者的好地方，因此以Charity Shop:Where You Buy to Donate.为标题准确贴切，而且该标题句式对称，富有美感。
3.同时由首节和末节提炼主题配备标题
不少情况下文章首节提出主题，而末节重现主题，因此认真阅读首节与末节可以提炼主题并检验主题，从而成功给文章配备标题。
首节：When it comes to friends,I desire those who will share my happiness,who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me.I seek friends whose qualities illuminate （照亮）me and train me up for love.It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours,too good not to share.
末节：It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家）,who will only fill up the healing（愈合的） silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.（2008北京卷阅读D篇）
试题（70题）： What is the best title for the passage?
A.Unforgettable Experiences
B.Remarkable Imagination
C.Lifelong Friendship
D.Noble Companions
分析：D。认真阅读仔细分析原文首节可以发现作者把朋友看成能分享其快乐、指点其道路、培养其对生活的爱的对象，可见作者把朋友看成高贵的同伴。认真阅读末节可以发现，与朋友这么好的同伴相处是作者一生最大的愿望，由此不难发现这是文章的点题之处。
4.由全文提炼文章主题配备标题
不少情况下文章主题不在首节或末节集中体现，而是隐含在文章通篇语言中。因此，为成功提炼主题，同学们应通读原文，弄清作者在介绍什么内容，赞扬或批评什么现象，歌颂或批评哪些人，文章叙述线索是什么，表达手段是什么，从而提炼概括出文章主题，并且成功给文章配备标题。
原文：Runners in a relay（接力） race pass a stick in one direction.However,merchants passed silk,gold,fruit,and glass along the Silk Road in more than one di-rection.They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network.It passed through thousands of cities and towns.It started from eastern China,across Central Asia and the Middle East ,and ended in the Mediterranean Sea.It was used from about 200 B.C,to about A.D,1300,when sea travel offered new routes （路线）.It was sometimes called the world' s longest highway.However,the Silk Road was made up of many routes,not one smooth path.They passed through what are now 18 countries.The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun,deep snow and even battles.Only experienced traders could return safe.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product.Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods.But the traders carried more than just silk.Gold,silver,and glass from Europe were much fond in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China.Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper,which produced an immediate effect on the West.Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft（嫁接） different trees together to make new kinds of fruit.They passed this science onto others,including the Romans.The Romans used grafting to grow the apple.Trading along the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods.They also shared their beliefs.The Silk Road provided pathways for learning,diplomacy （外交）,and religion（宗教）.（2008陕西卷阅读D篇）
试题：What is the best title for the passage?
A.The Silk Road:Past and Present
B.The Silk Road:East Meets West
C.The Silk Road:Routes Full of Dangers
D.The Silk Road:Pathways for Learning
分析：B。认真阅读分析原文不难发现，本文自始至终介绍丝绸之路是东西方贸易往来的重要通道，因此以B项为题准确贴切，且因为句式对称协调，句意简洁明确而具有一定的醒目性。