何淼 四川德阳市人民医院肿瘤科 四川德阳 618000
【摘 要】目的:观察血小板水平与宫颈癌的关系。方法:用回顾性调查方法,以同期80例宫颈不典型增生患者为对照,分析86例宫颈癌患者血小板增多与宫颈癌发生、发展的关系。结果:宫颈癌患者组血小板数显著高于宫颈不典型增生组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ~Ⅳ期宫颈癌患者血小板数高于0~Ⅰ期(P<0.05)。淋巴结无转移宫颈癌患者血小板数显著低于有转移者(P<0.05)。治疗后无复发宫颈癌患者(0.5a内)血小板数显著低于有复发者(P<0.05)。结论:血小板增多与宫颈癌发生有密切关系。对宫颈癌患者的血小板数进行动态观察,有助于判断病情变化,帮助临床筛选出高危患者进行相应治疗,使治疗更加有的放矢,并对临床监测治疗效果或正确评估预后等均有重要的参考价值,可作为潜在参考指标。
【关键词】宫颈癌;血小板增多
【Abstract】Objective To observe the relationship between platelet level and Cervical cancer.Methods A total of 86 patients with Cervical cancer were restrospectively investigated as the study group,and 80 patients with cervical atypical hyperplasia were observed as the control group.The relationship between thrombocytosis and the occurrence,development of Cervical cancer was analyzed.Results:The number of platelets in patients with cervical cancer was significantly higher than that in cervical dysplasia group(P<0.05).The number of platelets in patients with cervical carcinoma in stage II to IV stage was higher than that in stage 0 to I(P<0.05).The number of platelets in patients with non-lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that of patients with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).The number of platelets in patients with no recurrence of cervical cancer after treatment(0.5 A)was significantly lower than that of patients with recurrence(P<0.05).Conclusion:There is a close relationship between thrombocytosis and Cervical cancer.Dynamic observation of the platelet counts of patients with cervical cancer is useful to judge the condition changes,screen high-risk patients,treat the patients accordingly for clinical,and make treatment more targeted.It also have important reference price value on the clinical monitoring of the treatment effect and the correct evaluation of prognosis.It can be a potential reference index to Cervical cancer.
【Keywords】Cervical carcinoma;Thrombocytosis
血小板计数是血液常规检查的一个重要指标。近年来有文献报道,血小板增多症与恶性肿瘤具有密切的关系[1]。有文献报道临床上无法解释的血小板增高可能是尚未确诊的早期癌症的首发征兆[2]。在妇科恶性肿瘤中,卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和外阴癌都曾被国内外报道与血小板增多有关[3]。本文就血小板水平与宫颈癌的关系进行了观察,并探讨其临床应用价值,现将结果报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
宫颈癌患者86例,年龄27~73岁。病理诊断包括CINⅢ级中的原位癌,鳞状细胞癌,黏液腺癌,宫内膜样腺癌,腺鳞癌,透明细胞癌。宫颈不典型增生组80例,年龄20~68岁,病理诊断包括CINⅠ级,CINⅡ级,CINⅢ级中的重度宫颈不典型增生。宫颈癌患者分期依据为2009年国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)宫颈癌分期标准[4]。
1.2方法
全部病例均为空腹采血,EDTA-2K抗凝1.5ml。仪器为日本产希森美康XN2000全自动血细胞分析仪,试剂为进口配套试剂。每日做高中低三个水平的室内质控;参加国家卫计委及四川省临检中心的室间质量控制。血小板正常范围为100-300*109/L,PLT>300*109/L者为血小板增高。
1.3 统计学方法
用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行处理,数据采用±s表示,采用t检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2结果
2.1宫颈癌与宫颈不典型增生患者血小板水平的比较见表1。
由表2可见:Ⅱ~Ⅳ期血小板数高于0~Ⅰ期(P<0.05)。表3可见淋巴结无转移者显著低于有转移者(P<0.05)。表4可见治疗后无复发者(0.5 a内)显著低于有复发者(P<0.05)。
3讨论
宫颈癌是发生于子宫颈的上皮性恶性肿瘤,也是全球妇女中仅次于乳腺癌的第二个最常见的恶性肿瘤,在我国它一直居妇科恶性肿瘤首位[5]。恶性实体肿瘤中血小板增多的定义目前尚无统一标准,大多数文献将其定义为外周血血小板>400*109/L[1,6],有作者持不同意见,如Metindir等[7]以血小板计数达300*109/L为阈值。据国外文献报道,恶性肿瘤患者中血小板增多者占16%~60%[8];Diehl等[9]报道恶性肿瘤患者早期血小板增多症发生率占19%,晚期占30%;本文结果显示宫颈恶性肿瘤疗前组血小板增多者占32.6%,基本一致。Gucer等[10]分析128例Ⅲ或Ⅳ期宫颈癌患者,血小板增多症病人(血小板数量>400*109/L)发生率26%(33/128);血小板增多的33个患者中5年生存率明显小于血小板正常患者。Hernandez[11]等分析294例没有主动脉淋巴结转移、给予标准化放疗和羟基脲或米索硝唑化疗的ⅡB-ⅣA期宫颈癌病人,有86个(29.6%)病人血小板增多(血小板计数>400*109/L);多变量Cox比例风险模型显示,无盆腔外转移的血小板增多症病人与血小板正常的病人相比较死亡率大于55%(相对危险度=1.55,95%可信区间为1.08-2.21)。血小板增多病人与血小板正常的病人相比肿瘤体积更大,发生双侧宫旁浸润、肿瘤固定到盆壁、盆腔淋巴结阳性发生的可能性更大。血小板增多在晚期宫颈癌病人中经常可以看到,并且似乎与肿瘤负荷相关。本研究发现血小板增多与宫颈癌临床分期有相关性,即晚期宫颈恶性肿瘤患者血小板增多的比例较早期患者高,提示血小板增多可能是不良预后因素,并提示血小板可能在宫颈癌浸润转移中起着重要作用。目前研究认为血小板增多不仅促进肿瘤生长,还与肿瘤浸润转移呈正相关[12,13]。其机制主要有:(1)血小板激活后释放多种活性因子,如血小板源生长因子、转化生长因子。这些因子有强烈的促有丝分裂活性,可直接刺激肿瘤细胞生长,还能增强肿瘤细胞侵袭能力[14]。(2)多种粘附分子介导活化的血小板与肿瘤细胞的粘附,从而形成血小板一瘤栓复合物。而血小板-瘤栓的形成可帮助肿瘤细胞遮挡由血流动力学引起的机械损伤,还可以保护肿瘤细胞逃避免疫系统的攻击,特别是自然杀伤细胞的识别和杀伤[15]。(3)血小板瘤栓的形成还有利于肿瘤细胞与血管内皮细胞及细胞外基质的粘附;血小板的聚集可引起血管内皮细胞的收缩,有利于肿瘤细胞的迁移。(4)肿瘤细胞和血小板在增加血管生长因子的释放中共同起作用,从而促进肿瘤血管生成[16]。对宫颈癌患者的血小板数进行动态观察,有助于判断病情变化,帮助临床筛选出高危患者进行相应治疗,使治疗更加有的放矢,并对临床监测治疗效果或正确评估预后等均有重要的参考价值,可作为潜在参考指标。目前,由于抗血小板药物在肿瘤治疗中的研究有限,具体机制和效应未完全明确,因此相关药物在临床上的应用仍有待探讨。未来随着对血小板与肿瘤演变关系的深入研究,相关成果有望为宫颈癌的治疗提供新方向。
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作者简介:何淼,女,大学本科,主治医师,肿瘤学.
论文作者:何淼
论文发表刊物:《中国医学人文》(学术版)2016年1月第9期
论文发表时间:2016/5/5
标签:血小板论文; 宫颈癌论文; 肿瘤论文; 患者论文; 细胞论文; 恶性肿瘤论文; 宫颈论文; 《中国医学人文》(学术版)2016年1月第9期论文;