“the more...the more...”结构,本文主要内容关键词为:结构论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。
在英语中,“the more...the more”句型以其匀称的结构深得人们的喜爱,在各种文体中出现较为频繁,在各种教材中都见到它的身影。在教学中,笔者发现有不少同学对其用法一知半解,甚至误解,在英语写作中出现的错误现象更是比比皆是。有鉴于此,笔者拟就“the more...the more”结构的用法作一探讨,希望对英语学习者有所裨益。
一、在“the more...the more”整个结构的意思相当于汉语的“越……越……”,“愈……愈……”。如:
Many people believe that the more time a pemon spends on work,the more he or she accomplishes.
许多人认为一个人在工作上花的时间越多,成绩就越大。
The more he gives his children,the more they want.
他给子女们的东西越多,他们想要的东西就越多。
The more you pracfise,the better you speakEnglish.你越实践,英语说得越好。
二、这种结构相当于主从复合句。前半部分一般为从句,后半部分一般为主句。如:
The richer a man is,the greedier he gets.人越有钱,越是贪婪。
The longer he looked at the sky,the higher it seemed.他望着天空越久,天就显得越高。
A great part of our lives is occupied in reverie,and the more imaginative we are,the more varied and vivid it will be.我们一生的大部分都为空想所占据,我们愈富想象力,这种空想也愈加多姿多彩。
三、有时也出现主句在前、从句在后的情况。如:
I sing the worse the more I practise.(=The more I practise,the worse I sing.)我愈练习愈唱得不好。
The stone gets the harder,the longer it is exposed to the weather.(=The longer it is exposed to the weather,the harder the stone gets.)在空气中暴露得愈久,石头变得愈硬。
四、这种结构的作用在于表明从句对于主句的影响:从句发生一定程度的变化,主句就会发生对应程度的变化。如:
The more he thought about the problem,the more worried he became.
他越想这个问题,越是感到担心。
The more I see of him,the less I like him.我见他次数越多,越不喜欢他。
五、在这种结构中,从句一般不需要倒装,而当主句的谓语动词是系动词,特别是“be”动词时,主句需要倒装。如:
The nearer the train approached the scene,the drearier became the aspect.
火车愈接近现场,那光景愈加可怕。
Tne more words you have at your command,the deeper,clearer and more accurate will be your thinking.
你掌握的词汇越多,你的思考越深刻、越清晰、越准确。
但当主语是代词时,也可不倒装。如:
The sooner he comes,the happier I shall be.他愈早来,我愈高兴。
The more things a man is interested in,the more opportunities of happiness he has,since if he loses one thing he can fall back upon another.人感兴趣的事物愈多,便愈多获得幸福的机会就愈久,因为他若失去对一件事物的兴趣,尚可从另外一件事物上获得兴趣。
六、在主句中,可用do表示强调。如:
The fanher we proceed,the more difficulties do we meet.我们越前进,遭遇的困难越多。
The more I learn,the more do I feel my ignorance.我学到的知识越多,越感到自己的无知。
七、这种结构的某些成分可以省略,有的可省去谓语动词。如:
The nearer the bone,the sweeter the meat.愈靠近骨头的肉愈鲜美。
The bigger the flsh,the higher the price.鱼越大越贵。
The more spots,the brighter the sun.黑子越多,太阳就越亮。
有的可将以主从句中的主语和谓语动词省去。如:
The more,the better.越多越好。
The sooner,the better.越快越好。
有的甚至连“the”也一并省略。如:
More haste,less speed.欲速则不达。
八、这种结构常可叠用,表示进一步的论述或说明,往往能收到特殊的修辞效果。如:
The higher a mountain is,the more people like to climb it;the more dangerous the mountain is,the more they wish to conquer it.山越高,人越爱爬山;山越险,人越想征服。
The more you use your pencil,the deeper you will become involved,and the deeper your involvement,the more this book will help you.你越动笔,读书越专注;读书越专注,这书对你越有用。
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