张文龙
云南师范大学 外国语学院 云南 昆明 650500
Abstract: As for news translation, the foundation of news translation is comprehension and the key point is expression. If news without better comprehension, its translation will be with no point, even will defeat the original purpose; if news without a proper expression and if the translator cannot qualify himself, the translation must be confused to readers. Only with the correct comprehension and accurate expression, the news translation can be more complete and more specific. There are two main ways to translate news: literal translation or meta-phrasing and free translation or paraphrasing.This two methods has different using conditions in different parts of news. This paper mainly discuss the using condition of literal translation and free translation in news translation.
Key words: news translation; comprehension; expression; literal translation; free translation
Part three: Example analysis
1.There are some examples of literal translation and free translation existed in our daily life:
(1). Occupied; Vacant(one toilet sign on some civil aviation)
Literal translation: 被占着的；空着的
Free translation: 有人；无人
(2). Yours sincerely(polite words on letter)
Literal translation: 您忠诚的
Free translation: 谨上、谨启
These examples obviously show the better of free translation. Although literal translation keeps the original text’s literal meaning and sentence structure, the translation is far more beyond the real meaning., even some cannot understand. So, from this point of view, free translation can help us a lot. However, this does not mean we can only use free translation in news reports. For example:
1.Iraqi President Saddam Hussein yesterday put his country on a war footing, dividing it into four military districts under his direct command.
伊拉克总统萨达姆·侯赛因昨天把他的国家置于战争轨道，把全国划分为4个军区，由他直接指挥。
2.A delegate from Shandong province said that “I believe Wen Jiabao will do an even better job than Premier Zhu because he is younger”
“Each has his individual strengths and abilities. Wen Jiabao may not seem very prominent in character at the moment, but I believe he will develop his own strengths in the future.”
一位来自山东的代表说：“我相信温家宝会比朱总理做的更好，因为他更年轻。”
他说；“他们两人各有自己的优势和能力。 温家宝的个性现时看上去可能还不太突出，但我认为，他的优势日后会展现出来。”
The following examples are selected from the newspapers, and we can figure out the difference and the advantage of literal and free translation:
1.Americans are not welcome here. (an advertisement in Seoul, South Korea)
Literal translation: 美国人在这里不受欢迎。
Free translation: 这里不欢迎 美国人；或美国人恕不招待。
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2.“My concern is that if countries talk about using a veto in all sets of circumstances, the message that sends to Saddam Hussein is: ‘ You’re off the hook’,” British Prime Minster Tony Blair said.
Literal translation: “我关心的是，如果国家谈论在所有情况下都会使用否决权，传递给萨达姆·侯赛因的信息就是：‘你脱钩了’。”英国首相托尼·布莱尔说。
Free translation: 英国首相托尼·布莱尔说：“我担心的是，如果声言不论在任何情况下都会使用否决权，那么，这些国家传递给萨达姆的信息就是：‘大胆干吧，你不会有事的。’”
Actually, the 2th example connects the two method. And all these examples can summary in one sentence about literal translation and free translation: When it cannot use literal translation to translate news, it should use free translation; if it can use both, then use the literal translation first; and mostly, it should be translated by the combination of literal and free translation.
Conclusion
To sum up all the examples, we can figure out that literal translation and free translation are two main methods to translate news reports. In fact, there is no specific translation with literal or free method in news translation. Literal translation can make both meaning expression and original form. The priority of literal translation is to express meaning, and then keep form intact. In news translation, we may cannot understand the translation, that is because we have no background information or do not know the culture of that country. Under this situation, we may use free translation. Free translation means that the meaning expression is not limited by SL from. Using free translation can review the deep meaning and the language value of the news. Free translation is a translation that produces the general meaning of original text. It may or may not closely follow the form or organization of original, which differ from literal translation. Literal translation and free translation may be alternatively used in the process of translation. They are complimentary, instead of contradictory. In this way, we can find out that in news translation, we should not only express the true meaning of the original news but also make sure the translation can be understood by the target reader, and this is the duty of both reporter and translator.
Reference
1.刘其中. 《英汉新闻翻译》. 北京：清华大学出版社, 2009.7
2.刘洪潮 . 《怎样做新闻翻译》. 北京：中国传媒大学出版社, 2005
3.Vide Nida, The Theory and Practice of Translation, p.5.
4.Vide Nida, From One Language to Another, p.11.
作者简介：张文龙，男，汉族，云南师范大学2016级MTI硕士研究生。研究方向：英语笔译
论文作者:张文龙
论文发表刊物:《语言文字学》2018年第2期
论文发表时间:2018/4/12
标签：布莱尔论文; 云南论文; 美国人论文; 的是论文; 萨达姆论文; 都会论文; 否决权论文; 《语言文字学》2018年第2期论文;