“介词+关系代词”定语从句考_介词论文

“介词+关系代词”定语从句考_介词论文

“介词+关系代词”定语从句五大考点,本文主要内容关键词为:介词论文,从句论文,代词论文,定语论文,五大论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点之一,近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。为便于今后的复习和考试,笔者简明扼要地对这一语法现象的几大考点进行归纳和解析,希望同学们能举一反三。

一、简单介词+关系代词

知识归纳:用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom。指物时只能用which;介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定;或者根据先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定;或者根据先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定。

高考考例:1.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_____the sailing time was 226 days.(2004全国卷)

A.of which B.during which

C.from which

D.for which

解析:关系代词which指代the journey,定语从句恢复为独立的句子是:The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。

2.The English play_____my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.(2004全国卷)

A.for whichB.at which

C.in which D.on which

解析:本句主句部分应是:The English play at the New Year’s party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play.故答案选C。

3.American women usually identify their best friend as someone_____they can talk frequently.(2004上海卷)

A.whoB.as

C.about whichD.with whom

解析:先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替,在从句中作talk with的宾语,介词with可以放在关系代词之前,identify...as...意为“把……当作……”。故答案选D。

二、复合介词+关系代词

知识归纳:用于此结构的关系代词有which,whom,whose。常用于该结构的复合介词有:as a result of,at the back of,because of,by means of,in front of,in case of,on account of,等等。例如:

We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.

Is there a certain test by means of which the No.I will be decided.

高考考例:He got to the station early,missing his train.(2004江苏卷)

A.in case ofB.instead of

C.for fear of

D.in search of

本题考查考生在特定语境中对不同复杂介词的辨析与使用。

解析:C。复杂介词in case of意为“以备,万一”,instead of意为“代替”,in search of意为“寻找”,而for fear of意为“因为担心”,故只有选项C能够满足语境要求。本题意为:由于担心赶不上火车,所以他提前赶到车站。

三、简单介词+关系代词+名词

知识归纳:用于此结构的关系代词有which,whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子的含义。

高考考例:In the office,I never seem to have time until after 5∶30 p.m._____time many people have gone home.(1995上海)

A.whose timeB.that

C.on which D.by which

解析:介词by表示时间时意思是“到……为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里,我似乎直到下午5∶30以后才有空,那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。

四、the+名词+of+关系代词

知识归纳:用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系,口语中常用“whose+名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“the+名词+of which”。

高考考例:Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,______was very reasonable.(2000上海)

A.which priceB.the pnice of which

C.its price D.the price of whose

解析:答案选B。本题就是一个考查“the+名词+of which”结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase,答案也可以是whose price。

五、表示部分的词语+of+关系代词

知识归纳:此时,指人的关系代词只能是whom,指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有:不定代词all,both,none,neither,either,some,any;数词(含基数词,序数词,分数和百分数);数词+名词;the+最高级/比较级;以及表示数目或数量的词语many,most,few,several,enough,half,a number,a quarter。

高考考例:1.There are two buildings,stands nearly a hundred feet high.(2004湖北卷)

A.the larger

B.the larger of them

C.the larger one that

D.the larger of which

解析:答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings;B选项使逗号后面的部分单独构成一个句子,如果是两个句子,应该用句号,所以B选项是错误的。

2.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_____are sold abroad.(2004辽宁卷)

A.of whichB.which of

C.of them D.of that

解析:答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为:这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋,其中有80%销往国外。

3.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,most of_____hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.(NMET1990)

A.these B.those C.that D.which

解析:D。定语从句和先行词可连成:most of the ten windows hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year,所以应填which引导定语从句。

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“介词+关系代词”定语从句考_介词论文
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