Automation in Motion
China’s first fully automated terminal embraces further development By Ma Miaomiao
On November 23, a container ship belonging to China COSCO SHIPPING Corporation Limited (COSCO SHIPPING) arrived at a berth in the Port of Xiamen in Fujian Province, southeast China. The terminal is managed by Xiamen Ocean Gate Container Terminal Co. Ltd. (XOCT), a subsidiary of COSCO SHIPPING. There was no traditional bustling in sight or workers to be seen. Nevertheless, the terminal was busy loading and unloading containers.
Rows of automatic and gigantic stacking cranes were moving swiftly and orderly, with their robotic arms grabbing, lifting and lowering containers with perfect precision. On the ground, automated guided vehicles (AGVs) shuttled back and forth carrying containers from one location to another.
Like a scene from a science fiction movie, the only sounds that could be heard were from the movements of the machines. The entire terminal is controlled by an intelligent handling system and several staff members sitting in a central control room.
Yan Zhengping, captain of the M.V. COSCO SHIPPING Aquarius , told Beijing Review that Xiamen was their third stop along the Belt and Road route to the Port of Gdansk in Poland. After 77 days at sea, the ship will return to the Port of Shanghai.
TheAquarius is a typical example of a new generation of large container ships with a 20,000-TEU capacity manufactured by Chinese companies. Their energy consumption level is far lower than other same class ships on the market, meeting the international emissions standards for the next decade.
“XOCT is unique with its automated equipment, since it only takes an average of 2 minutes to load a container onto the ship,” Yan said, adding that it is China’s flrst fully automated terminal with independent intellectual property rights, followed by terminals in Shanghai and Qingdao in Shandong Province, east China. Over the last three years of operation, the terminal has set up a standard for others to upgrade their systems and has helped to promote the competitiveness of Chinese container terminals.
A terminal for all
The automated terminal of Xiamen Ocean Gate Container Terminal Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of China COSCO SHIPPING Corporation Limited, in Fujian Province, southeast China, on November 23
The terminal’s equipment is all powered by electricity, making it the flrst in the world to be entirely free of any internal combustion engines, pollution-free and emissions-free, Sun Bosheng, Deputy General Manager of XOCT, said.
In addition to the automated terminal construction, a shore power plant was put into operation in November 2016, allowing berthing container ships to shut down their auxiliary generators and use the electricity provided by the port, which is more environmentally friendly.
第二，地方财政支持力度使合作项目受限。三地经济发展的水平决定了财政对高校师资培训的支持力度。北京市中心开展的一些师资培训项目中，北京市教委或高校给予了全额的资金拨付，津冀两地的项目开展则会采取部分财政支持部分自付或者完全自付的方式，全额资金支持比例较低。这就造成在一些有合作意向的培训项目上，由于资金配套不足而只能有限合作，影响了师资培训项目的开展和师资间的交流。
Recognizing that the 4G network could not meet the strict performance requirements in terms of time intervals and bandwidth, XOCT decided to embrace 5G, Zhang Jinyang, Deputy General Manager of the Information Department of the company, told Beijing Review .
The terminal was awarded the Green Port Award System (GPAS) by APEC Port Services Network (APSN), a non-profit organization established in 2008 in response to the directives of the 14th Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders’ Meeting held in 2006 and to enhance exchanges and cooperation among APEC regional ports and related sectors. The GPAS serves as a green evaluation system for ports in the Asia-Paciflc region, which represents an integral part of APSN’s ongoing efforts to promote the green growth of the port industry in the region.
The development of the terminal has essentially upgraded a blue collar job to a white collar one, Chen added. Workers used to operate machines from sky-high cranes in a dangerous and harsh working environment with a working life that normally continued into their 40s. Now much of the work has been left to a computer in an offlce, enabling workers to be separated from machines and moved to a safer and more comfortable area.
On May 27, 2017, M.V. OOCL Hong Kong , then the world’s largest container ship with a carrying capacity of 21,413 TEUs, berthed at the XOCT automated terminal, setting a record by launching the flrst voyage by the largest ship from China’s flrst automated terminal.
The successful construction of the terminal also provides a model for the whole industry. The experience has been promoted and applied to the CSP Abu Dhabi Terminal at Khalifa Port, a company inaugurated by COSCO SHIPPING and Abu Dhabi Ports, with the aim to position Abu Dhabi, capital of the United Arab Emirates, as the regional hub for the group’s global network.
TheCOSCO SHIPPING Aquarius arrives at a berth of Xiamen Haicang Port Area in Fujian Province, southeast China, on November 23
Eco-friendly
The automated terminal was put into use in March 2016. The bridge cranes, railmounted gantry cranes and AGVs adopted for loading and unloading containers were all made by Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., one of the world’s largest manufacturers of cranes and large steel structures.
Through laser scanning and positioning, a computing program guides a crane to locate the four corners of each container, accurately grab it and put it onto a driverless truck.
Since 2016, the company has carried out a LED lamp renovation project. Currently, the lighting reconstruction of all yards within the terminal has been completed. There are now 1,102 LED lamps that have been modifled or newly put into use, with the coverage of green lighting increasing to 66.3 percent. It is estimated that about 1.9 million kWh of electricity will be saved per year, according to Chen.
A plan to make XOCT’s flrst intelligent terminal with 5G application was released in July. According to an agreement signed with China Mobile, it will supply communications equipment, 5G smart applications and cloud computing, among other things, to the terminal.
Through this automated terminal, the company has reduced labor costs, increased handling efficiency and saved energy compared to traditional terminals, since loading and unloading operations are all driven by electric vehicles, said Chen Yipeng, XOCT General Manager.
5G smart port
将20批橘叶药材供试品溶液分别进样检测，记录330 nm波长下色谱图，以橙皮苷为参照峰，按峰出现率100%计，确定该27个共有峰。将所得的各批次药材图谱以AIA格式导入国家药典委员会研制的中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012A）软件，并按中位数法生成330 nm波长下对照指纹图谱（RFP）见图1，相似度见表2。
These AGVs are equipped with intelligent control systems that can plan optimal routes based on real-time traffic conditions, while a laser collision avoidance system and an ultrasound sensing system ensure their safe and smooth operation. They even know when it’s time to recharge their lithium batteries.
Silva等[22]研究发现，HDACI处理后的卵巢癌细胞内出现了Notch基因的高表达。Notch信号通路在包括卵巢癌在内的各种癌症中发挥重要作用[23]。Notch1可促进肿瘤细胞增殖，Notch3的过度表达或在化疗后明显增加往往预示着肿瘤的恶性度高，患者预后差。试验经SAHA处理后的卵巢透明细胞癌细胞系可检测到高水平的Notch1，而Notch3在卵巢透明细胞癌及卵巢浆液性癌中都出现高表达。同时，卵巢癌细胞内Notch的靶基因Hes和Hey也出现高表达，在一定程度上可认为是上调Notch通路的标志。可见，单独应用HDACI进行抗肿瘤治疗难以取得满意效果。
“With the assistance of the 5G network, we can solve the problems of abnormal communication interference and major delay in the traditional mode and successfully realize the transmission of AGV control signals with little delay and high reliability,” Zhang said.
1975年2月25-28日召开的第一届印尼语言政策研讨会强调，印尼语作为国民语言的功能如下：国民自尊象征；国民身份象征；国民民族团结象征；各民族各地区凝聚的纽带。该研讨会也强调了印尼语作为官方语言的4个功能：国家官方语言；教育机构的教学用语；全国政府部门的行政语言；民族文化及科技发展的官方语言。总之，印尼语在全国各领域处于至高无上的地位。
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While following its routes, an AGV must send the container to the specifled location within the prescribed period of time, something that is not a very difficult task for a skilled driver. This is where the network signal transmission is quite critical for an AGV to fulfill its tasks correctly. The inherent advantages of the 5G network undoubtedly can lay a solid foundation for its upgrade.
In the future, XOCT will continue to explore new applications in terminal operations to boost the high-quality development of the port industry in China, Zhang added.
不同滴灌专用肥对河套灌区玉米生长发育及产量的影响………… 赵 娜，冯君伟，李晓红，王子敬，马 俊，刘汉江，郝云凤（58）
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
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