Title：Life expectancy analysis of the main causes of death and the causes of death in Ninghe District of Tianjin in 2018
作者：毕云静
关键词：死亡率,死因顺位,期望寿命,去死因期望寿命
论文类型：期刊论文
论文来源：职业与健康 2019
摘要：目的了解天津市宁河区2018年主要死因及对居民预期寿命的影响，为有关部门制定疾病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法收集宁河区2018年各类死因登记资料，通过死亡率、死因排序、消除死因后预期寿命等指标，分析主要死因对预期寿命的影响。结果2018年天津市宁河区户籍居民粗死亡率为607.54/10万，标准化死亡率为356.27/10万，其中男性644.79/10万，女性349.41/10万，女性569.89/10万，女性369.20/10万。影响居民寿命的前五位死因依次为心脏病、脑血管病、恶性肿瘤、伤害中毒、呼吸系统疾病；排除死因后，分别增加3.17年、3.11年、2.76年、1.10年和0.70年。恶性肿瘤切除后，男女预期寿命分别提高3.18岁和2.43岁。肺癌切除后男性和女性的预期寿命分别提高了1.20岁和1.02岁。肺癌的影响远大于其他恶性肿瘤。结论宁河区心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤（特别是肺癌）是导致死亡和预期寿命下降的主要疾病，应采取有效的预防措施。
Abstract：Objective to understand the main causes of death and the impact on life expectancy of residents in Ninghe District of Tianjin in 2018, and to provide scientific basis for relevant departments to formulate disease prevention and control strategies. Methods to collect the registered data of all causes of death in Ninghe District in 2018, and analyze the influence of main causes of death on life expectancy through mortality, order of causes of death, life expectancy after eliminating causes of death and other indicators. Results in 2018, the crude mortality rate of residents with household registration in Ninghe District of Tianjin was 607.54/100000, and the standardized mortality rate was 356.27/100000, including 644.79/100000 for males, 349.41/100000 for females, 569.89/100000 for females and 369.20/100000 for females. The top five causes of death affecting the life span of residents were heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumor, injury and poisoning, and respiratory system disease; after eliminating the causes of death, they increased by 3.17, 3.11, 2.76, 1.10, and 0.70 years respectively. The life expectancy of men and women increased by 3.18 years and 2.43 years respectively after the removal of malignant tumor. The life expectancy of men and women after the removal of lung cancer increased by 1.20 years and 1.02 years respectively. The influence of lung cancer was far greater than that of other malignant tumors. Conclusion cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors (especially lung cancer) are the main diseases that cause death and life expectancy decrease in Ninghe District, so effective preventive measures should be taken to prevent them.
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