语音——听力水平提高的关键，本文主要内容关键词为：听力论文,语音论文,水平论文,关键论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
听力在英语四、六级考试中占有举足轻重的地位，同学们大多重视听力考试题型的应试技巧却很少有人集中精力学习听力的基本功——语音。有心的同学会发现通常发音准确的人他的听力水平会很高，适应语音环境的能力也很强，这就足以说明发音的正确与否会直接影响一个人听力水平的高低。要想从根本上提高英语的听力水平，掌握语音是第一步。本文将从单词音素的辨别和语流中音素的强读、弱读两方面帮助同学们走好听力第一步。
单词中音素的辨别
有这样一道听力题：
You will hear:
M:Excuse me,but l didn't hear clearly what you said.Did you say that your teaching assistant would mark the exam papers?
W:No.I said that he would collect the papers.I would grade them myself.
Q：What did the woman do about the exam?
You will read:
A.Her teaching assistant would grade the exam papers.
B.She would collect the exam papers herself.
C.She would mark the exam papers herself.
D.She would not give her students an exam.
本题答案应为C项，但因混淆了发音相近的两组单词：he和she,collect和correct，因此1/3的考生误选了B项。
由此看来，正确区分一些音素的发音是听清每个单词和达到正确理解句子的关键。音素的区别主要包括元音音素和辅音音素两大部分。
一、元音可以根据发音时舌头活动的范围，分为前元音
。
1.长元音之间
英语中有五个长元音
，所有的双元音都是长元音，此外首先我们应注意：双元音是两个元音的滑动，而不是单元音的单纯延长。易混淆的长元音有以下几对
seal,real,mean Meet me in the evening.
sale,rail,great,main They came here on the same day by the late train.
tame,mail,day,hay Let's go straight to the moon.
time,mile,die,height Why are you crying,my child?
2.短元音之间
短元音的短音是相对长音而言的，易混淆的有以下几组：
[i]:pig,pin,disc,bill He's a friend of yours.
[e]:peg,pen,desk,bell I know him very well.
[e]:bed,men,beg,lend Let's get together when the weather is better.
:bad,man,bag,land That fat man has a black handbag.
3.长短音之间
seat,leap,peak,beat She sees a sheep.
[i]:sit,lip,pick,bit He sees a ship.
park,carp,grant,march I can't find my glasses.
luck,cup,much Where is my money?
c)[e]和[ei]
[e]是单元音，而[ei]是由[e]向[i]过渡，[ei]的声音不但长，且嘴由半开到合。
[e]:let,fell,men,wet Well,let's get everything ready.
[ei]:late,fail,main,wait Haste makes waste.
二、辅音
[s]:same,self,Sam,sell She sells sea-shells on the sea shore.
shame,shelf,shell She put the shell on the sea shore.
measure,vision,pleasure He usually goes to work by bike.
major,village,passage I like jackets and he likes jeans.
3.[r]和[l]
[l]与汉语拼音中的l音相似，而[r]和汉语的r音相似。
[r]:roar,rice,freeze,correct Please send me to the railway station.
[l]:lord,lice,fleas,collect Laura is a very pretty lady.
[d]:day,den,deeds,dad Don't do that to me.
they,then,these,that They and those mean two more.
语流中音素的变化——强音和弱音
强音与弱音是指在英语句子中有一些比较次要的词或称语法词（包括大部分人称代词、关系代词、助动词、情态动词、be,have，冠词以及一部分前置词和连接词等）的两种读音形式：一种是其完全元音的读音形式，强音大多用在连贯语言中重读的位置上；另一种与此相反，弱化其元音的读音形式，即弱音，多出现在话语中非重读的位置上，各个弱读式的音取决于它所处的具体语言环境以及说话速度。
例1 Who is at the door?
在比较快速的朗读中，我们听的
例2 They do meet her at the railway station.
本句强调谓语动词meet，所以我们就会听到通常弱读的do[du]，在此强读为
。由于助动词的强读，其后的实意动词meet受影响，弱成[mit]。这样的话我们听到的就是
。
英语中共有五十个左右这样的单词有强弱变化，我们举出最常见的几个单词的变化进行比较加以记忆。
