“that”引导从句小结，本文主要内容关键词为：从句论文,小结论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
一、that引导名词性从句
1.that引导的主语从句多数可以由it替代，作形式主语，把从句置于句尾，同时也应注意与what引导主语从句时的区别
That只引导从句而不作成份，what既引导从句，也在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但what引导的从句一般只放在句首。不用it作形式主语。例如：
It is important that students should master a foreign language.
What the president remarked at the conference made the world shock.
如上句不可改成由it作形式主语的句子：
It made the world shock what the president remarked at the conference.
That引导的主语从句，一般会出现下列几种情况：
(1)It is＋形容词＋that＋从句
It is strange that... 真奇怪……
It is natural that... 很自然……
It is clear that... 很清楚……
It is important that... 重要的是……
(2)It is＋过去分词＋that...
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is known that... 众所周知……
It is announced that... 据宣布……
It is said that... 据说……
(3)It is＋名词＋that...
It is a pleasure that... 很高兴……
It is an honour that... 很荣幸……
It is a pity that... 遗憾的是……
It is a fact that... 事实是……
(4)It＋不及物动词＋that...
It appears that... 看来……
It seems that... 似乎……
It happens that... 碰巧……
It occured to sb that... 想到过……
以上总结的由it作形式主语的从句，随着语言的发展变化，已形成常用固定句式，而不可把that从句置于句首替换it的位置。例如：
(1)在It is said(reported,believed,thought)...中
It is reported that a new airport will be built in the city.（正）
That new airport will be built in the city is reported.（误）
(2)If appears(happens,seems…)that...结构中
It seems that he has worked ont the maths problem.（正）
That he has worked ont the maths problem seems.（误）
(3)含有主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，that从句不可以提前。
Is it possible that he will win the game?（正）
Is that he will win the game possible?（误）
2.that在引导宾语从句时，应注意与what,whether等词用法的区别
同时也要注意与强调句型where,when引导的状语从句等的区别。例如：
It is at the factory that he worked for 20 years.（强调句型）
It is the factory where he worked for 20 years.（定语从句）
It was at three o'clock that he got home.（强调句型）
It was three o'clock when he got home.（状语从句）
比较下列两句
a.It is known that Taiwan belongs to China.
b.As is known to all,Taiwan belongs to China.
a句为主语从句，b句为由as引导的非限制性定语从句，且从句部分置于句首，与主语用逗号隔开。
3.That＋宾语从句
动词如：wish,hope,think,believe,mean,see,order,expect,dream,hear,feel,agree,admit等常跟that引导的宾语从句。例如：
The manager agreed that they would bring down the price.
I heard that he would go abroad for further study.
形容词anxious,certain,glad,afraid,proud,surprised,sorry,pleased,aware等常跟that引导从句作宾语。
I am certain that our team will win the game.
We are sorry that he didn't pass the exam.
这些词如find,feel,think,believe,consider,make等常可用it引导形式宾语，that引导真正宾语从句。
He found it important that he learned to operate computer.
但应注意有些动词只带it+that从句而不带复合宾语。例如：
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.
I take it that he approves.
同时注意：下列结构中that和whether容易相混。
I am sure that...I am not sure whether...
1 doubt whether...I don't doubt whether...
make sure that...确保是否 不说make sure whether...
check that...不说check whether...（核对是否）
Please check that the light is turned off.
另外，在in,but,except等少数几个介词后可跟由that引导的宾语从句，已形成固定结构in that（因为），but that（要不是……只是……），except that（除了）。例如：
Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes.
I would have come to see you.but that I had something urgent to do then.
I know nothing about him except that he has graduated from Beida.
4.that引导表语从句
The reason why(that)he has not come is that he has to send his mother to the hospital.
本句虽然汉译用因为，但英语不用because引导，表语从句主语是名词reason时用that引导。
5.that引导同位语从句
The news that Beijing will hold the 2008 Olympic Games is exciting.
Word came that China has succeeded in launching a spaceship.
同位语从句一般由that引导，也可由what,which,who,when,where,why how,whether,if引导。
注意同位语从句中that是连词，只起连接主句和从句作用，不充当成分；而在定语从句中，既引导从句，又在从句中作成分（主语或宾语）。例如：
The suggestion that he put forward is practical.（定语从句）
The suggestion that we should build a nuclear power station is to be discussed at the meeting.（同位语从句）
二、that引导定语从句
引导定语从句特别应注意与用法which和who的区别。that可指人或物，which只能指物，who只能指人。
that一般只引导限制性宾语从句，which和who除引导限制性宾语从句解外，还可以引导非限制性定语从句。在下列情况下一般要用that引导。
1.先行词是everything,anything,something,nothing,all much,little,none等时。如：
Everything that we saw at the factory was of great interests.
2.先行词被形容词最高级修饰。如：
The best book that I read was published in Beijing.
3.先行词由序数词first,second等及last,only,no,very,few等词修饰。如：
He bought the first car that was made in the factory.
同时注意下列情况一般也用that引导。如：
He is not the man that he was.（that在从句中作表语）
Do you remember what happened the day that he came？在the day,the moment等时间词后面，that引导表示当“此时”或“在此期间。”
注意比较：
This is the same car as he lost last month.
This is the same car that he lost last month.
以上两句中the same...as...和the same...that...结构上相同，但句意却不一样。
三、that引导状语从句
that一般不单独引导状语从句，而和其他词一起引导。引导状语从句用on condition that（如果）；原因状语从句用now that（既然）；结果状语从句用so...that,such...that,so that；目的状语从句用so that（为了），for fear that（以防），in order that（为了）。例如：
Now that you have enough money,you should buy a house for your own.（原因从句）
You will certainly succeed on condition that you keep on trying.（条件从句）
Study hard so that you can pass the entrance examination.（目的从句）
It was raining so heavily that we had to put off the sports meet.（结果从句）