武警黑龙江省总队医院 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150076
摘要：目的：探讨综合护理干预对高血压脑出血患者术后康复和心理状态的影响。方法：按照护理方案不同将90例高血压脑出血患者均分为实验组45例（常规护理）和对照组45例（综合护理），比较两组患者护理效果。结果：实验组患者护理干预后总遵医嘱率明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组患者护理后SAS和SDS评分均明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组患者护理后QOL和FIM评分均明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；实验组患者护理干预后并发症发生率明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：对高血压脑出血患者给予综合护理干预，能够有效提高患者的遵医行为，改善患者的心理状态，提高其生活自理能力和生活质量，且不良反应发生率低，安全有效。
关键词：高血压脑出血；综合护理；心理状态，康复效果
Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Postoperative Rehabilitation and Psychological Status of Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Abstract : Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on postoperative rehabilitation and psychological state of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: According to different nursing plans, 90 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were equally divided into experimental group (45 cases) (normal nursing) and control group (45 cases) (comprehensive nursing). The nursing effect was compared between the two groups. Results: The total compliance rate of the patients in the experimental group after the nursing intervention was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The SAS and SDS scores in the experimental group after nursing were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. (P<0.05); QOL and FIM scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after nursing (P<0.05); the incidence of complications after the nursing intervention was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage can effectively improve patients' compliance behavior, improve their psychological status, improve their self-care ability and quality of life, and have a low incidence of adverse reactions. They are safe and effective.
Keywords: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage; Comprehensive nursing; Mental status, Rehabilitation effect
有资料表明，高血压脑出血疾病是临床常见的脑血管微循环疾病，好发于老年群体，严重影响患者的正常生活。本文对我院在高血压脑出血综合护理方面的经验进行总结，以期为该病康复护理策略的拟定提供参考，现报道如下。
1资料和方法
1.1基本资料
研究对象为我院2016年8月-2017年8月收治的90例高血压脑出血患者，均经CT及相关实验室检查确诊。排除：重度脑出血致昏迷者或血肿较大需手术清除者；脑疝者；既往有脑出血或脑梗死病史；合并其他重要脏器疾病者；有全身血液系统或免疫系统疾病者。按照护理方案不同将90例患者均分为两组。两组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具可比性。
1.2基本方法
对照组采用常规护理，观察组采用综合护理。认知干预：每周固定对患者进行健康教育宣讲，发放手册，让患者对高血压脑出血疾病有深刻认识；心理护理：与患者沟通，了解其心理情绪，定期疏导，让患者树立战胜疾病的信心和勇气；饮食护理：吞咽困难患者应予鼻饲流食，对尚能进食者不宜过多过急，遇呕吐、反呛时暂停进食，抬高床头。能进食者予易消化吸收的流食或半流食；功能锻炼和运动指导：治疗期间，帮助患者建立合理的功能锻炼方案，指导患者进行肢体功能的恢复锻炼，使患者术后能够快速恢复生活自理能力。
2结果
两组患者护理后QOL和FIM评分均明显升高，与同组治疗前比较，差异具有统计学意义；实验组患者护理后QOL和FIM评分均明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。实验组患者护理干预后并发症发生率明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。实验组患者对健康宣教、专业技术技能、服务态度、沟通交流能力、解决问题能力、责任心满意度均明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。
3讨论
综上，综合护理干预能够有效提高高血压脑出血患者遵医嘱率，改善心理状态，提高生活质量和生活自理能力，降低并发症发生率，患者满意度较高，临床应用价值较高。
参考文献
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[2]朱燕珍,赵晶.心理护理干预对高血压脑出血患者术后心理状态及生活质量的影响[J].中国现代医生,2017,55（21）:161-163.
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论文作者:刘云 王雅文 吴尉
论文发表刊物:《世界复合医学》2018年第03期
论文发表时间:2018/5/30
标签：患者论文; 脑出血论文; 高血压论文; 实验组论文; 统计学论文; 心理论文; 对照组论文; 《世界复合医学》2018年第03期论文;