Seeds of Change
Farmers in east China show the way to self-reliance by growing locally and selling globally By Li Xiaoyang
In November, when over 300 delegates
from political parties from 60 countries toured Jiangxi Province in east China, they met Deng Daqing, a 62-year-old farmer from Ruijin, a revolutionary base of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the early 1930s. Deng is now a household name in the area because of his efforts to reduce poverty, not only for his own family but for the village where he lives.
It is a long way from Ruijin to Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean, but Ancil Antoine, a member of parliament from the island nation, bridged the gap during the visit. In addition to the usual things that impress flrst-time visitors to China, Antoine was also struck by the orange planting industry in the city and Deng’s story. He’s a hero, Antoine concluded about the Chinese farmer.
乌云里哗哗洒下一阵大雨，雨势极大，大到数公里之外就听见噼啪之声，撒豆成兵一样。我站在田里被这阵雨的气势慑住了，看着远处的雨幕发呆，因为如此巨大的雷声，如此迅速集结的乌云，如此不可思议的澎湃之雨，是我第一次看见。
A new start
Ruijin is recognized as a red capital and a cradle of the Chinese revolution because the forerunner of the People’s Republic of China, the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic, was founded there in 1931. Located in the mountains, its inaccessibility, which was an advantage during wartime, became a bottleneck for economic development after the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949.
When he was at his wits’ end, local officials advised him to try a new crop: navel oranges, seedless winter oranges that are better suited to the local soil and humid climate. They also helped him apply for a loan and receive free training.
A decade ago, Deng was struggling to make ends meet. A string of diseases left him mired in debt and his attempt to grow green plums and Valencia oranges, sweet summer oranges deriving their name from the city in Spain, ended up in losses.
In 2014, his flrst navel orange trees bore fruit and to his delight, fetched him around 30,000 yuan ($4,268). He began to focus on the fruit and today, is growing it on 2 hectares.
Zhang等[47]研究发现了一种新型的界面润湿剂，通过在固态电池的正极一侧滴加，可以有效提高NASICON型固体电解质利用率，极大地提高了电池的倍率和循环稳定性，在室温下循环10 000周后几乎无明显变化，在目前中的固态电池中性能是比较好的。基于目前NASICON型固体电解质材料的研究发现：其本身具有较高的离子电导率和优异的电化学性能，所具有的较低的热膨胀性进而表示可以在中高温环境下使用[47]，增加了钠电池使用的安全性。
知识服务的经济后果是指在商业服务中，信息和技术提供方通过给予信息和技术对信息和技术需求方的决策产生影响，从而对信息和技术需求方的相关利益产生影响，进而对其他各相关方的利益产生连锁影响。知识服务的经济后果三分法是指知识服务经济后果观存在：零和经济后果、正经济后果、负经济后果。
A worker of an e-commerce company in Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province in east China, sells navel oranges online on November 14, 2018
当开关S5和S6开通时,绕组C和绕组B工作,简化的等效电路如图5(c)所示。此时绕组A相的端电压就是B相电压,如图6(c)所示。
In 2017, all households in Deng’s village shook off poverty as their per-capita income reached 13,000 yuan ($1,848).
Mass participation
《翻译论》是目前最能够将林语堂的翻译思想进行全面阐述的数据，在其中，林语堂提出了翻译的三个标准，即中式、通顺和美。在林语堂其他的创作中，也能够体现出他的读者意识。在《八十自叙》中，他强调:“我创出一种风格。这种风格的秘诀就是把读者引为知己，向他说真心话，就犹如对老朋友畅所欲言毫无避讳什么一样。所有我写的书都有这个特点，自有其魔力，这种风格能使读者跟自己接近。”(转引自冯志强2011:208)
Three years ago, aided by his son, Deng opened a store on Taobao, a popular online marketplace created by tech giant Alibaba, to promote the sale of the oranges. He also started an association for orange growers in his village to pool information and resources and promote local products. Now navel oranges from the little village are also sold outside China, in the countries along the route of the China-Europe freight train that connects Jiangxi with Uzbekistan, widening sales channels.
Chen Fobao, Secretary of the CPC Committee of Huangbai Township in Ruijin, said a 1,000-hectare navel orange orchard, the largest in China, has been established in the area, where over 1,000 households from flve villages work. Last year, it produced 16,000 tons of oranges with an output value of 110 million yuan ($15.6 million),
最后，课程考核纳入参赛人员选拔体系。能够代表班级或学院参与各级技能竞赛，对很多同学来说，既是对自己学习的认可、也是个人成就的体现，并能满足自身获得尊重的需要，因此，对大多数学生而言，能够参加技能竞赛具有较大的吸引力。
There are two more large orchards in Ruijin that have helped more than 30,000 people cast off poverty.
“We expect 18,000 tons this year, fetching around 120 million yuan ($17 million),” he told Beijing Review .
“For better sales, we have formed cooperatives of orange growers and are providing training and marketing services to link farmers with enterprises and strengthen the supply chain,” Chen said.
3.良种繁育体系建设还需要进一步加强，畜牧业服务体系建设滞后，养猪科技创新与支撑能力有待于进一步提高。
More and more farmers like Deng have switched to the industry and orange groves with plump fruit have become a common landscape in Ruijin. By 2018, the entire city had cast off poverty by developing industries suited to local conditions, notably orange planting.
Ruijin’s success story is only part of China’s poverty alleviation drive. The national aim is to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020.
Despite current progress, the battle against poverty is not yet over. According to offlcial data, 16.6 million rural residents were still living below the national poverty line by the end of 2018. More than half of them are from the less-developed western regions.
Farmer pick navel oranges in an orchard in Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province in east China, on November 6
As the countdown starts, authorities are focusing on supporting the poorest who reside in remote and mountainous regions with tough natural environments and inadequate infrastructure. For sustainable economic growth of poor regions, distinctive industries are being encouraged to enhance local self-reliance, such as leisure agriculture and rural homestays.
Online marketing
Currently, many other regions in Ganzhou, the city that Ruijin is part of, are also eyeing the industry for a more prosperous life.
In Xunwu County, another major navel orange production base in Ganzhou, Dongyuan Fruit, a company established in 2008, has developed a complete industrial chain covering planting, sorting, packaging and warehousing.
Chen Wei, a manager at Dongyuan, said the company sold over 300,000 kg of oranges on Tmall, Alibaba’s business-to-consumer online marketplace, in 2015. Last year, its online sales volume exceeded 1 million kg. Since early November, when its oranges hit the market, it has sold over 250,000 kg on Tmall and other platforms, sending out 2,000 packages on average daily.
With the rise of New Retail that blends online and offline experiences, a growing number of orange growers have turned to ecommerce platforms and seen substantial sales growth. In 2018, the online trading value of navel oranges was 5 billion yuan ($723 million) in Ganzhou, accounting for 42.2 percent of its total sales volume.
The value of the navel orange industry in south Jiangxi, where many orchards are located, reached 12.2 billion yuan ($1.7 billion), improving the income of around 250,000 households and providing jobs for 1 million people, according to offlcial data.
However, the reputation of the region’s oranges has also led to other regions trying to cash in on their fame. “Some online sellers from other regions pretend that their oranges are from Ganzhou, which is adversely impacting the local orange industry,” Chen Wei said.
Liu Limin, an official with the fruit industry bureau in Ruijin, suggested that a quality control mechanism should be employed to increase the market share of Ganzhou’s navel oranges and nurture brand recognition.
Copyedited by Sudeshna Sarkar
Comments to lixiaoyang@bjreview.com