上一期，专栏介绍了冷兵时代的远攻之王——弓。本期，我们聚焦它的最佳拍档，关注远程打击的致命之矢。
In the last issue, we introduced bow, long-range weapon in cold steel war era. In this issue, we focus on the arrow, which is the best partner of the bow and the deadly weapon of long-range attack.
远程打击的致命之矢
Weapon of Long-range Attack
文/五花肉
不论是单兵突袭的致命一击，还是军团作战的饱和打击，箭都是冷兵器时代最令人胆寒的远攻武器。
“天色已晚，回去吧。”江南垂柳岸，杨公子一身白衣在前，我走在他身后，耳边飘来戏台上的唱曲“错！错！错！”
Whether it was the fatal blow or the concentrated attack of army combat, arrows were the most chilling long-range weapons in the cold steel war era.
箭杆定准度Accuracy Depending on Arrow Rod
Accuracy was the key of ensuring the deadly force of long-range strike of arrows. Accuracy was not only depends on the archer's technique, but also on the quality of the archer's rod, especially the deflection,which was an important index of arrow rod strength.At the moment of being shot by bowstring, the force on the arrow rod assumed an arc shape, and gradually recovered in fl ight. Uneven def l ection would cause the arrow rod to deviate from the normal fl ight orbit, thus greatly reducing the accuracy.
要确保箭的远程打击威慑力，命中率是关键。这不仅取决于射手的技术，更取决于箭杆的质量，尤其是代表箭杆抗弯强度的重要指标——挠度。被弓弦弹射的瞬间，箭杆受力呈弧状，在飞行中逐渐恢复笔直，挠度不均会直接导致箭杆偏离预设飞行轨道，大幅降低射击准度。
箭羽助稳定Arrow Feathers for Stability
为防止全岛失电情况发生，跨海输电线路往往不可能轻易停电，加之海上作业修复难度大、耗时长的弱点，受损海底光缆线路不可能在短时间完整修复，岛屿间的电力通信只能依靠启用备用光缆或迂回光纤路由来维持支撑。备用设备和路由若在此时也发生故障，则将会致使该片区电力业务的彻底中断，触发电网安全生产事故。海缆线路施工检修作业如图4所示。
在挠度符合要求的基础上，古代匠人还通过安装箭羽的方式，进一步确保箭杆的飞行稳定性。“五分其长，而羽其一”，箭羽应在距箭杆尾部五分之一处，安装相互对称的三簇箭羽。箭羽的多寡需要兼顾射击速度和射击准度的要求，太多会降低飞行速度，过少则影响飞行稳定。
On the basis of deflection requirement, ancient craftsmen also installed arrow feathers to further ensure the flight stability of the arrow rod. Arrow Feathers should be installed on the position of one fifth length of arrow rod with three symmetrical clusters of arrow feathers. The amount of arrow feathers should achieve the balance of speed and accurancy. Too much would reduce flying speed,while too little would affect flight stability.
皮肤性痤疮的发病因素与个人卫生不佳、心理压力大、遗传、激素代谢紊乱、用药等因素相关,在多种因素作用下致使患者毛囊皮脂腺出现慢性炎症性皮肤病。痤疮不但会影响患者的容貌,还会对患者的心理造成一定影响,因此患者通常有着强烈的治疗意愿。激光在皮肤性痤疮治疗中取得了一定进展,经过治疗后,患者的丘疹、脓包、粉刺数量有所减少,皮损范围也明显缩小,在患者治疗期间加强综合护理,有助于纠正患者的不良生活习惯,促进患者更好的保护皮肤,从而进一步提高治疗效果,此外通过对患者的精心护理还有效提高了患者的护理满意度,对于提升我院整体护理质量具有重要作用。
箭镞（一组）·战国湖北省博物馆藏
无锋刃箭镞（一组）·战国湖北省博物馆藏
铜箭镞浙江省博物馆藏
铜镞湖北省博物馆藏
箭头增杀伤Arrowhead for Lethality
箭的最终杀伤力来自于箭头。为了减少空气阻力，箭头自诞生之初就始终保持尖锐的几何形态，从早期的棒形、叶形逐渐进化为三角形、三棱锥形。到了战国时期，秦国工匠发明了曲面三棱锥箭头，三个弧面几乎完全相同，完美的流线形态与现代空气动力学理论不谋而合，导向性和穿透力大幅提升。不仅如此，秦国还依靠统一工艺标准，成功实现了这种箭头的模块化批量生产，为秦国军队独步天下的远攻能力奠定了牢固的基础。
The lethality of an arrow came from the arrowhead.In order to reduce the air resistance, the arrowhead always maintained a sharp geometric shape since its birth, gradually evolving from rod shape and leaf shape to triangular pyramid shape. In the Warring States period in the acient China, Qin artisans invented curved triangular pyramid arrows. The three curved surfaces were almost identical. The perfect streamline form coincides with modern aerodynamic theory, and its guidance and penetrating power were greatly improved.Furthermore, Qin State also successfully realized the modular mass production of the arrowheads by means of unified process standards, which laid a solid foundation for the Qin army's ability to attack far and wide.
其中，r代表记录，Boost(r)表示记录的权值；G(r)表示录入者身份，有首席专家、普通专家、一般录入者等，其取值在0～1之间；a表示记录加权因子，取值由项目实施的实际情况决定，默认值为100；C(r)表示点击数；D(r)表示评论数。
结 语Conclusion
箭杆、箭羽、箭头共同构成了一支完整的箭，在各自精益求精的同时，互相协调、彼此成就，只为了获得最佳效益、贡献完美一击。
The arrow rod, arrow feather and arrowhead form a complete arrow. While keeping improving, they coordinate with each other and accomplish each other, in order to strike a deadly attack.
（支持单位：上海市质量和标准化研究院）
标签：远程打击论文; ARROW论文; COLD论文; BOW论文; 上海市质量和标准化研究院论文;