动词不定式典型错误例析，本文主要内容关键词为：不定式论文,动词论文,典型论文,错误论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
1.我经常听到他唱英语歌。
[误]I often hear him to sing English songs.
[正]I often hear him sing English songs.
[析]see、hear、watch、find、feel、look at、listen to等感官动词和make（使得），have（使，让），let（让）等使役动词后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，应省去动词不定式符号to（即用动词原形）。又如：
Let him have a rest.让他休息一会儿。
Li Ping made the baby stop crying at last.李平终于使那个孩子停止了哭泣。
The teacher watched us play football for an hour.
老师看我们踢了一个小时的足球。
2.那时候，我的父亲被迫每天工作十六七个小时。
[误]Those days my father was made work 16 or 17 hours a day.
[正]Those days my father was made to work 16 or 17 hours a day.
[析]主动结构中被省去的不定式符号to在被动结构中必须保留。又如：
The Children are often seen to swim in the river in summer.夏天常常看到孩子们在河里游泳。
3.警察叫孩子们不要在马路上踢足球。
[误]The policeman told the children to not play football on the road.
[误]The policeman told the children don't play football on the road.
[正]The policeman told the children not to play football on the road.
[析]构成动词不定式的否定形式时，否定词not应放在不定式符号to之前。又如：
The teacher told the students not to look out of the window.老师叫同学们不要向窗外看。
4.学外语很有趣。
[误]Learn a foreign language is very interesting.
[正]To learn a foreign language is very interesting.
[正]It's very interesting to learn a foreign language.
[析]动词不定式可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，而动词原形不可直接用来作这些成分。动词不定式作主语时，习惯上常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。又如：
To give is better than to receive.→It is better to give than to receive.给予总比接受好。
5.来点喝的东西怎么样？
[误]What about to drink something?
[正]What about something to drink?
[析]动词不定式作定语时应后置。又如：
He has much work to do today.今天他有许多工作要做。
6.我不知道下一步该怎么办。
[误]I don't know what to do it next.
[误]I don't know how to do next.
[正]I don't know what to do next.
[正]I don't know how to do it next.
[析]在和疑问词连用的动词不定式短语中，如果to之前是疑问代词what、who、which等，则充当to之后的动词短语的逻辑宾语，该动词短语后不可再带其他名词或代词作宾语；如果to之前是疑问副词，则to之后要么接不及物动词，要么就接及物动词+宾语。又如：
Could you tell me where to go?你能告诉我去哪儿吗？
Do you know when to have the meeting?你知道什么时候开会吗？
I can't decide which jacket to choose.我难以决定选择哪一件茄克。
7.我没房子住。
[误]I have no house to live.
[正]I have no house to live in.
[析]由于live是不及物动词，house既不是to live的主语，又不是宾语，没有直接关系，所以live后必须加in。house充当to live in的逻辑宾语。又如：
I want a pen to write a letter with.我需要一支写信用的钢笔。
This piece of paper is too dirty to write on.那张纸太脏了，不能写字。
8.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。
[误]Let's stop having a rest.
[正]Let's stop to have a rest.
[析]stop doing sth.意思是“停止做某事”，“停下来去做另一件事”应用stop to do sth.。试比较：
The pupils stopped talking at once when they saw their teacher.当学生们看到他们的老师时立刻停止了讲话。
Last week I met an old friend of mine in the street.I stopped to talk to him for a few minutes.上周我在街上遇到了一位老朋友。我停下来和他聊了一会儿。
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