怎样判别状语从句的几种句法关系，本文主要内容关键词为：状语论文,从句论文,句法论文,几种论文,关系论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
学习状语从句自有规律可循，为帮助学生突破难点，现归纳“五看五辨”法。
一、看结构，辨主从关系
状语从句是主从复合句中的一种重要形式。学习状语从句，一定要注意主句和状语从句的结构完整性，只有具备主句（主语+谓语）+从句（连接词+主语+谓语）这样的结构，句子才能成立。状语从句均由从属连词引导，在从句置于主句之前时，常用逗号分开；从句置于主句之后，其前一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义与作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较和地点等9种。
需要注意的是状语从句需要用连词引导，但在一个主从结构中同时出现并列连词，会变成错句。如：
If I am told such a thing,and I'll go,too.如果别人告诉我这件事，我也会去的。（主句前多了连词and）
Because I was ill,so I couldn't come to attend the meeting.因为我生病了，所以我不能来出席会议。（连词because与so不能并用，必须舍去一个）
Though the wind is rather cool,but it's quite pleasant today.尽管风有点凉，今天天气还是很不错的。（though与but不能并用，必须舍去一个）
二、看动词，辨时态呼应
学习状语从句时，必须特别注意主句与从句在动词时态运用时的呼应关系，否则极易出错。现将时间状语从句与条件状语从句中的呼应关系列表如下：
1.时间状语从句中从句与主句的时态呼应关系：
例如：
I will give him the book as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就会把书给他。
When you think you know nothing，then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
As soon as I have finished this work，I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。
Mr.Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。
By the time I got to school，the class had already began.我到校时，已经开始上课了。
While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV.我在看电视，而我妻子在看报纸。
As we were working in the field，it began to snow.当我们在田里劳动时，开始下雪了。
It was raining hard when(as)I got there.我到那里时，正在下大雨。
When he is trying to work out the math problem I have already finished it.当他还在努力想算出数学题时，我已经做完了。
When we were worrying about the old man the police had already found him.当我们还在为老人担心时，警察已经找到了他。
2.条件状语从句中从句与主句的时态呼应关系：
例如：
If he comes back,please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。
I'll go out for a picnic if it doesn't rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就去野炊。
If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。
He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.他一定会来，除非他有急事。
If I have made a mistake，I will try to correct it.如果我犯错误，我将会努力改正。
Given that she was really interested in children,teaching was a proper career for her.倘若她真的对孩子感兴趣，教师这一职业对她来说很合适。
You may go home if you finish the homework.如果你完成了家庭作业就可以回家。
三、看内涵，辨连词用法
同中见异与一词多义构成了引导状语从句多个连词的用法特点。对其归纳与剖析既有助于我们更加精细地体察句子的内涵，又可丰富我们的表达手段。如：
when，while，as均可表示“当…….时”，但是三者亦有异。
when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生。例如：
When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。（从句动作在主句动作前发生）
When I got to the airport,the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。（从句动作在主句动作后发生）
When(While/As)we were dancing,a stranger came in.当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。（从句动作和主句动作同时发生）
当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。这时，as常表示“随着……”、“一边……，一边……”之意。例如：
As she was doing her homework，Mr.Li came in.她正在做家庭作业时，李先生进来了。
as当从属连词时可引导时间、原因、让步、方式等状语从句，对其辨析构成了状语从句学习的又一难点和重点。例如：
As he was reading newspaper there，he suddenly heard a cry from behind.当他正在那里看报时，突然听到后面传来喊叫声。（as引导时间状语从句）
As he was ill the soldier couldn't walk on.那个战士因为病了，所以不能继续往前走了。（as引导原因状语从句）
Students must do as they are required.在学校学生必须按照要求的去做。（as引导方式状语从句）
Busy as he is,he often helps me.虽然他很忙，他还是经常帮助我。（as引导让步状语从句）
四、看句型，辨从句位置
不同类型的状语从句有着各自特定的结构，这一语言现象构成了状语从句的一大特点，现简析如下：
If he knows about this,he will get angry.如果他知道这件事，他会生气的。
条件状语从句多半置于主句之前，有时亦可放后。
Young as he is,he is experienced.尽管他年轻，但他很老练。（由as引导的让步状语从句，须将作表语的形容词放在句首）
However difficult the task might be,I must fulfil it ahead of time.无论这项任务有多困难，我一定提前完成它。（由however引导的让步状语从句，however后须紧跟形容词或副词）
The more he reads，the better he likes the book.他越看越喜欢这本书。
在“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”结构中，比较状语从句置于主句之前。
We should study as Lenin studied.我们应该像列宁那样学习。（方式状语从句通常置于主句之后）
五、看主句，辨结构省略
不少比较状语从句置于主句之后时常省略与主句相同的成分，这一语言现象亦应该引起我们的注意，特别在“比较级+than”，“as+原级+as”，“not so（as）+原级+as”等比较状语从句中，此种现象更为常见。例如：
It rains more often in Shanghai than(it rains)in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。
Our country is as big as the whole of Europe(is big).我们国家同整个欧洲一样大。
The result was not as/so good as I had expected(the result was good).结果不如我预料的那么好。