在句子末尾放置介词的场合_介词论文

在句子末尾放置介词的场合_介词论文

谈谈介词置于句末的场合,本文主要内容关键词为:介词论文,场合论文,此文献不代表本站观点,内容供学术参考,文章仅供参考阅读下载。

介词作为一个虚词一般不能单独充当句子成份,通常用在名词或代词前面,即位于它的宾语之前。但由于句子结构、讲话习惯或修辞等原因,有些场合我们可以看到介词位于句末的句子。现将其基本用法简单归纳如下,以供参考。

(一)在定语从句中,如果先行词在逻辑上是从句中短语动词的宾语,当关系代词省略或关系代词是that时,介词通常置于句末。

(1)This is the very book I was looking for.这正是我在寻找的那本书。

(2)Do you know the comrade she is talking with?和她谈话的那个同志你认识吗?

(3)He is the kind of man that you can rely on.他是那种你可以信赖的人。

(二)在由“不及物动词+介词”的被动结构中,介词一般置于句末。

(1)So far no agreement has been arrived at.到目前为止还没有达成任何协议。

(2)For this she wasn't afraid to be laughed at.为此她不害怕遭到别人嘲笑。

(3)In the nursery the children were taken good care of.孩子们在托儿所里得到了很好的照料。

(三)当介词的宾语是疑问词时,介词通常置于句末。

(1)What city are you working in ?你在哪个城市工作?

(2)Whom are you talking about?你们在谈论谁?

(3)Who is this book written by?这本书是谁写的?

(四)在由what引起的感叹句中, 介词通常置于句末。 如:Whattrouble he has got into!他遇到了多么大的麻烦呀!

(五)在某些以关系代词what或连接词who,which,whom,whose等引导的名词性从句中,当这些词在从句中起宾语作用或作宾语的定语时,介词应放在句末。

(1)I don't know where she comes from.我不知道她从哪里来。

(2)It is still unknown who she is shouting at.还不知道她在冲着谁嚷呢。

(3)Please tell me whose knife he was sharpening thepencil with.请告诉我他在用谁的小刀削铅笔。

(六)在“形容词+不定式”作表语的结构里,如果不定式是由“不及物动词+介词”构成的,而且该不定式与句中主语有动宾关系时,介词应置于句末。

(1)The river is dangerous to swim in.在那条河里游泳危险。

(2)The girl was very easy to get along with.这女孩很容易相处。

(3)The grass was too wet to sit on.这块草坪太湿了, 不能坐。

(七)由“不及物动词+介词”构成的不定式在句中作定语时,介词应置于句末。

(1)She is a very nice girl to work with.她是一个很好共事的女孩。

(2)He has a lot of things to attend to.他有很多事要管。

(3)Let's find a room to live in.让我们去找个房间住。

(八)在强调句型中,因强调宾语而把宾语提前时,可以把介词置于句末。

(1)It is you that I bought this dictio-nary for.我买这本词典是给你的。

(2)It might be his mother that you're thinking of.你想到的也许是他的母亲。

(3)It is my feet that you're stepping on.你踩着的是我的脚。

(九)在一些-ed分词短语作定语的句子中,-ed 分词短语可看成是缩略的被动语态,因此,介词也可放在句末。

(1)Last Sunday we especially en-joyed the last play puton(=which was put on).上星期日我们特别欣赏最后演出的那个节目。

(2)Just now he asked who was the man operated on.他刚才问被动手术的人是谁。

(3)He wants to find out the man called on.他要查明那个曾被访问过的人。

(十)当句子主语是介词逻辑上的宾语时,介词应位于句末。

(1)They were well worth making friends with.他们很值得交朋友。

(2)Retired workers are all well pro-vided for.退休工人都得到很好的赡养。

(3)Long ago this practice was done away with.这种做法早被废除了。

(十一)当带有介词的动词、形容词、名词等用于从句或名子的末尾时,介词通常置于句末。

(1)I wonder what he is rather angry at/about.我很想知道他为什么事那么生气。

(2)Is his salary enough to live on?他的工资够开支吗?

(3)Maths is something I have a lot of difficulty with.数学是我学习比较困难的一科。

(十二)在一些省略句中,宾语被省去时,介词置于句末。

(1)He will drive to,but fly back from,Beijing.他将驱车去北京,乘飞机回来。

(2)John is very fond of,but Peter is tired of,theflower.约翰很喜爱这朵花,可彼得讨厌它。

(3)She was a friend to,and a supporter of,the partyleader.她既是这位党的领导人的朋友,又是他的热烈拥护者。

综上所述,介词位于名词、代词之前并不是一成不变的,在句中的位置应视具体情况而定,有时用于句末也是正常的现象。

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在句子末尾放置介词的场合_介词论文
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