Green Treasure Troves
By Li Qing
Beijing steps up efforts to build green lungs with mini parks
A visitor takes photos at the Temple of Heaven in downtown Beijing on May 15
Zhu Jianguo showed up at the community park unfailingly at 6 a.m.,accompanied by his little dog Zhongqiu.He is a regular at the park and these little jaunts are his lifeline.
由图3可知，空白面包样品的外出现皱缩现象，面包内部组织出现很多大小不均的网孔结构。加淀粉的面包外型较空白样品更光滑，内部组织结构也比空白样品更细腻，网孔结构均匀一致，加入3%的HS-03比加入3%的HS-02的效果更好，从而验证了加入一定量的改性淀粉可以改善面包的外型和内部组织结构。
Ten years ago, Zhu moved to Beijing from Tianshui, northwest China’s Gansu Province. He lived with his daughter but felt lonely, because she was often away. This lasted until a mini park opened nearby. The 870-square-meter Xishiku Pocket Park opened in 2018.
2008年，我曾经写过一篇《四通八达的社会》。当时，有编辑问我：十年之后的你，究竟是什么样子？我想了一下回答说：应该更好吧……
应在就业指导、就业能力提升等方面增加资金投入，加强这方面的软硬件实力，以确保大学生就业能力的提升。高校可与财政部门加强沟通，争取财政部门给予高校更多的资金支持，提高学校的硬件设施条件，改善大学生的学习环境，改善就业指导方面师资力量不足的情况。同时，应增加教师资源的投入，提高教师的福利待遇，充分调动教师在就业指导方面的积极性。
“I feel better now,” Zhu said. “I used to be lonely as I am not familiar with the city and had no friends here.”
课程标准提出识字教学要“力求识用结合”，课堂中，先从文本中习得，再进行当堂的指导运用，识字伴随着阅读的进程而展开，所学的生字就不容易混淆，容易巩固，也不显得枯燥，这样能激发学生学习汉字的兴趣和欲望。如《田家四季歌》教学最后，感受农民伯伯的辛苦与忙碌中，由“戴”字入手，从早忙到晚，农民伯伯在忙什么？再现前面学到的各种农活，再次体会到农民的辛苦，从而积累“披星戴月”这个成语。再由文中的“戴月光”引入到自身戴的东西，学生主动地找寻着在生活中的各种“戴”：戴围巾、戴红领巾、戴项链等等，在课堂上对“戴”进行了运用。学生就掌握扎实，也不会与“带”混淆了。
“The mini parks scattered citywide are less than 1,000 square meters of green space each,” said Liu Xiaomei, a senior urban planner with the China Academy of Urban Planning and Design.
For instance, Xishiku Park is located in the Shichahai area, a block with the largest area under cultural conservation in Beijing. In 2002, 25 historical areas in Beijing’s old city came under conservation, and the Shichahai area is one of them. So parks planned in this area have to be harmonious in design and highlight the local landscape and culture while ensuring that the historical buildings are not damaged.
The construction of pocket or mini parks has given Beijing more greenery as well as a place where residents can come out for fresh air, socializing and other activities.
Urban lungs
His morning walks helped him make friends in the community. They meet at the park, chat and do tai chi together. Zhu said the park is now a place for elderly people like him to make new friends. He likes it best in the morning when children come out to play and the park comes alive.
In the central commercial districts and old areas in the capital, where there is a high density of buildings as well as people, it is a huge challenge to create new parks. An advantage of mini parks is that they are “flexible.” They can be in various shapes according to their location,providing diverse services.
The maintenance of some parks also involves volunteers, who take responsibility for protecting the trees and flowers. Liu said residents’ participation in managing the parks can reduce the financial as well as manpower pressure on the government. “With such parks increasing in numbers, other sectors in society should be encouraged to take part in the management,” she said.
Mini parks do the work of urban parks for those who live far away from the latter. People can easily stroll over to mini parks built on their streets or in their communities, where they can exercise and enjoy the scenery. For instance, at Xishiku Park, despite limited land, many trees have been planted, including gingkoes, magnolias and cherry-apple trees. These parks expand the green space of the city and improve the urban landscape and living environment.
Also, with the mini parks, people can be more than visitors. They can participate in the construction and management. Recently, residents in Sanmiao Community in west Beijing,for instance, are planning a small garden on their own. The site they have chosen was originally an abandoned shed that posed safety hazards and was dismantled in 2017. After the community decided to turn the area into a garden park, they called a meeting to discuss people’s requirements.
Besides serving the public and protecting the ecology, mini parks can display local culture,acting as windows to a city, Liu said. To this end, mini parks are often built near historical sites. The parks planned in these areas have to be harmonious in design and highlight the local landscape and culture while ensuring that the historical buildings are not damaged
经过对政策实行的理论考察，并在相关学者研究的基础上，计划生育政策的实行模式可以概括为三种： 动员模式、强制模式、交换模式。 需要说明的是，三种实行模式虽说都有自己发展的逻辑路径，但是由于计划生育政策的不变性，三种实行模式并不是完全相互独立的，而是交叉重叠的。
At the first meeting on January 11, the participants had a vote to decide the functions of the park. By the fifth meeting on March 2, they had made architectural models under the suggestion of a professional team.
These parks contribute to a better environment. The triangular Xishiku Park used to be the parking lot of a hospital. Since the space turned into a park, the thick traffic has eased.
Keeping history alive
选择该院收治的妇科行宫腔镜手术治疗的患者200例为观察对象，其中子宫黏膜下肌瘤切除85例，子宫内膜息肉切除98例，宫腔粘连松解术17例。所有患者及其家属均知情同意，并通过医院伦理委员会的批准签属知情同意书。纳入标准：选择拟行妇科宫腔镜手术治疗的患者，年龄 25～58岁，体重 45～75 kg，美国麻醉医师学会（ASA）I～II级，术前血离子检查正常，近期未使用糖皮质激素和镇痛药物。排除标准：孕妇及哺乳期妇女，合并严重心、脑、肺疾病者，肝、肾功能不全者，近日出现药物过敏者，糖尿病患者，凝血功能异常者，多次行宫腔内检查者及术中出现子宫穿孔者。
在前述AIS模型基础上，采用钛合金棒平移矫形。增大棒预弯弧度为40°，比较采用不同预弯弧度（28°和40°）矫形棒对AIS矢状面力线及螺钉拔出力的影响。
Liu suggested that the materials used in the construction of these parks should have traditional and local cultural features.
She also said the history of the local area should be embodied in these parks.
For example, in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the site of Xishiku Park was a warehouse serving the royal family. This history has been introduced to visitors. This is a good attempt to integrate the park into the cultural atmosphere of Shichahai.
An urban forest park in Beijing on April 7
Besides Xishiku Park, four more parks were built in 2018 in the Shichahai area. Their total area is over 3,000 square meters. Besides this, a 6,000-meter footpath was built, as well as Xihai Wetland Park.
Depending on their locations, some parks may have sightseeing facilities for tourists, while local residents need parks with fitness facilities and resting areas.
Parks designed for both tourists and locals can be turned into theme parks, meeting both recreational and tourism requirements.“We hope the parks can reflect the style of the old town as much as possible,” Liang Fei, a Shichahai community of ficial, told Xinhua News Agency.
Renovating existing parks is another way to create mini parks, which can better protect the cultural relics they house, as well as invaluable old trees.
Green vision
Liu said different kinds of small parks have been created in Beijing, such as garage parks, where an underground parking lot is turned into a green space, and rooftop parks.
“They are a concept of high-quality development and a better lifestyle,” she said. “The target to build Beijing into a national forest city will be reached by 2025.”
In 2018, Beijing started phasing out noncapital functions, including manufacturing plants, logistics companies, and wholesale markets out of the city, to increase the capital’s green space and public service facilities.Illegal buildings were demolished, shantytowns renovated, and 121 new mini parks built.
The greening work has been augmented with 20 urban forests built in four districts and 28 city parks created citywide. This year, more leisure space will be provided as 31 new parks are built, as well as 13 urban forests. Small plots in urban areas will be effectively utilized as 50 new mini parks.
Beijing is also focusing on afforestation on 600 hectares of urban land. Apart from mini parks, 8.37 hectares of urban green space were developed in Xicheng District last year. It is estimated that by the end of 2019, the city’s forest coverage will reach 44 percent, with the urban green coverage nearly 49 percent. As a result,per-capita public green area will be more than 16 square meters.
Copyedited by Sudeshna Sarkar
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