SILK ROAD FESTIVITIES
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Performers dance during the opening ceremony of the Fourth Silk Road (Dunhuang) International Cultural Expo and the Ninth Dunhuang Tour-Silk Road International Tourism Festival in Hezuo, northwest China's Gansu Province, on July 30.
The expo and festival aim to promote cooperation and exchange among countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.
Senior officials from culture and tourism authorities of Belt and Road participants and heads of international organizations are scheduled to attend the events, which will run for 40 days and feature over 30 cultural activities across Gansu.
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Community Symphony
Amateur performers rehearse a symphony at a community in Handan, Hebei Province in north China, on July 29. Communities in the city have been holding various activities to enrich the social and cultural life of residents.
Fewer Birth Defects
The incidence of 22 types of major birth defects has decreased signifi cantly thanks to years of prevention and treatment measures, the National Health Commission (NHC) said on July 24.
The AI big data real-time monitoring platform was launched in Harbin, capital city of northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, on July 30. Jointly built by the Feline Research Center under the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and HIT Big Data Group, it will support research on ecological systems, animal populations and individual animals.
围绕创新人才培养，学者和院校开展了一系列研究和实践，取得了一系列成果。如刘红梅的专著《创新培养研究》，以经济管理类大学生为例，对创新培养的重要性，大学生创新培养的基本理论，影响大学生创新培养的因素，大学生创新培养环境的实证分析及提高大学生创新培养的措施等方面，作了大量的细致的分析和研究。同济大学编写的《大学生创新教育的研究与实践》一书，从理念、建设和实践等方面，对大学生的创新问题作了大量的研究和实践，构建了完整的创新人才培养体系。以“挑战杯”为代表的创新创业类比赛在课堂之外创建了创新培养的“第二课堂”，以赛促练，在一定程度上营造了大学校园创新的氛围。
The measures include creating public awareness on possible birth defects, prenatal screening and diagnosis, and neonatal screening.
However, challenges still exist in preventing and curing birth defects, including congenital heart diseases.
其中，大部分应激反应为创伤后应激，主要是指机体受到灾难性事件或超乎寻常威胁而引发的精神障碍，易导致机体出现多种精神疾病，较多研究均证实[10-12]，应激障碍患者均存在较明显的心理障碍，部分患者甚至存在认知功能障碍，主要表现为记忆、注意、思维、行为、情绪、知觉、运动等方面出现异常。
The NHC will expand the scope of birth defect screening, make more efforts in impoverished areas and further disseminate knowledge on how to prevent possible birth defects.
Living Support
By the end of May, 62.77 billion yuan ($9 billion) had been allocated as subsistence allowance for 44 million people.
More than 4.78 million people, including nearly 4.5 million from rural areas, are living in diffi cult situations, including the elderly, the differently abled and minors who cannot work and have no income or anyone to support them, Jia Weizhou, a spokesperson for the ministry, said at a press conference.
A total of 8.61 billion yuan ($1.25 billion) had been spent by the end of March to support people in special diffi culties nationwide, the Ministry of Civil Affairs said on July 29.
The state has also increased fi nancial support for orphans. The Central Government has raised the basic living allowances for orphans from eastern, central and western regions by 50 percent to 300 yuan ($43.58), 450 yuan ($65.38) and 600 yuan ($87.17) per person each month, respectively.
Agilent 1260 色谱系统：在线脱气机、四元泵、恒温柱温箱、在线进样器和二极管阵列检测器(Agilent，美国)；Bruker Compact 四级杆飞行时间质谱仪(配电喷雾离子源，Bruker，德国)；分析型1010A摩尔超纯水机(摩勒科学仪器有限公司，上海)；R-1001N旋转蒸发仪和SHB-IV循环水式多用真空泵(郑州长城科工贸有限公司)；Blue Star B紫外分光光度计(莱博泰科仪器股份有限公司，北京)；KQ-50DB数控超声波清洗仪(昆山超声仪器有限公司)；400Y多功能粉碎机(永康市铂欧五金制品有限公司).
Moreover, rescue stations nationwide provided assistance to more than 400,000 homeless people and helped over 3,600 people return home in the fi rst half of the year, Jia said.
Environment Cases
Around 1 million fi rst-instance court cases on the environment and resources were registered in China in the past fi ve years, Jiang Bixin, Vice President of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), the country's highest judicial authority, said on July 30.
Jiang was speaking at a press conference marking the fi fth anniversary of the establishment of the Adjudication Tribunal for Environment and Resources at the SPC in June 2014. The tribunal was created to lead and guide environment and resourcesrelated adjudication work across the country.
The period saw more than 113,000 new criminal cases on the environment and resources registered and over 108,000 cases concluded amid the judiciary's crackdown on environmental crimes like causing pollution, Jiang said.
学前专业师范生很多课程能完美契合创新创业教育理念，如手工、学前儿童玩教具制作、幼儿舞蹈创编、幼儿歌曲创编、儿童剧创编与表演、幼儿园环境创设、化妆艺术、婴幼儿营养配餐等。教师在相关课堂上有计划性地渗透创新创业意识，结合最新、最热、最前沿的市场动态、政策导向、消费者需求、调研结果、成功案例等，让学生在热门的资讯中潜移默化的激发创新创业意识，提高创新创业自信，把高师院校的特色和优势转化为核心竞争力。此外，还可以结合专业特色开展手工艺品义卖活动、化妆评比、歌舞创造大赛等，在实践中提高学前师范生创新创业意识和能力。
Vegetation Coverage
The Vegetation coverage of grasslands will be enhanced to improve the ecology, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
It is planned to be raised to over 57 percent by 2025 and 60 percent by 2035, Zhang Jianlong, head of the administration, said at a national conference on July 25.
Policies will be improved to strengthen protection and restoration of grasslands, while grassland degradation by overuse will be comprehensively stopped by 2025, Zhang said.
The vegetation coverage of grasslands reached 55.7 percent last year, up 6.7 percentage points from 2011.
The output of fresh grass from natural grasslands stood at 1.1 billion tons in 2018, maintaining over 1 billion tons for eight consecutive years.
New Drugs
A total of 139 new medicines developed by Chinese researchers have been certifi ed thanks to a major national science and technology project, offi cials said at a press conference on July 31.
They include 44 Class I new drugs, which have never been marketed in China or overseas, according to Liu Dengfeng, deputy director of the project's implementation and management offi ce.
China's pharmaceutical industry has accelerated its industrialization. As of the end of 2018, over 280 generic medicines were registered in Europe and the United States, while four vaccines and 23 chemical preparations were pre-approved by the World Health Organization.
The project, launched in 2008, aims to develop medicines for critical diseases.
Chen Kaixian, deputy chief technical engineer of the project and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said it will strengthen research efforts and explore new directions to make more effective and affordable medicines.
Rocket Debris
Scientists have successfully tested a technology that can control where rocket parts fall, making progress toward the development of reusable launch vehicles in the future, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp. (CASC) said on July 28.
The CASC said the test was carried out following a Long March-2C carrier rocket launch on July 26, focusing on grid fi ns, the wing-like part at the core of the rocket, to increase precision in where it lands.The success of the test will improve safe inland rocket landing and carrier rockets' controllable recovery, soft landing and reuse.
Household income and consumption growth stayed strong despite domestic and overseas headwinds, a survey showed.
与“赞同”资源不同，“宣布”资源带有明显说话者介入的痕迹，说话者往往以此预设或者强调某个事实或观点。例如：
Wildlife Protection
Three organizations have teamed up to develop an artifi cial intelligence (AI) monitoring platform to protect wildlife.
The incidence of neural tube defects—malformations of the brain and spinal cord, and blood disorder thalassemia has dropped by over 70 percent and 80 percent, respectively, Qin Geng, an NHC offi cial, told a press conference.
The Internet of Things, big data and intelligent machine vision will enable the platform to establish individual recognition models, recognizing animals from their gait, color and fur pattern.
Li Fuquan, an offi cial with HIT Big Data Group, said it will be preliminarily used to track and monitor endangered Siberian tigers, leopards and their prey. The forests in Heilongjiang and neighboring Jilin Province and the border areas between China and Russia are the main habitats of the Siberian tiger and leopard.
The platform is expected to provide cross-border services.
A database for Siberian tigers and leopards will be established to study the relationship between ecological changes and the propagation of the species.
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Summer Parade
Floats march on Central Avenue in Harbin, capital city of northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, on July 27, as part of a tourism promotion campaign. The city witnesses its peak tourist season in summer.
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A Toast to Tourism
Foreign tourists enjoy beer together with local residents during the International Beer Festival in Qingdao, east China's Shandong Province, on July 26. The 29th edition of the festival kicked off the same day.
SOE Reform
The State Council launched a comprehensive reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in pilot areas in the cities of Shanghai, Shenzhen and Shenyang, according to the State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC).
对宫颈腺癌患者施行根治性放射治疗后再手术的目的是以预防中心性复发为主，手术过程中应遵循实用性原则，尽最大可能降低其出现并发症的概率，为此不建议对患者采取根治性手术。因为，如果单纯的扩大手术的范围只会提升患者并发症的发生率，降低患者的生活质量。近些年来，随着腹腔镜技术的出现和广泛应用，其相较于传统的开放性手术，优点主要体现在微创、疼痛轻、伤口小、住院时间短、恢复快等方面，因此对这类患者实施腹腔镜下全子宫切除术可能是一个不错的选择。
By 2022, the areas are expected to be the “high ground” of reform, which will feature strong Communist Party of China leadership, highly
effi cient supervision, fully energized SOEs and an all-around implementation of national strategies, the SASAC said.
The three cities, in the east, south and northeast of the country, are required to carry out reforms with different priorities and have been given policy headroom to combine
top-level system design with
primary-level innovations to forge maximum reform momentum.
随着再生水大规模利用，在下游直接和间接使用达标排放污水的用水户与上游再生水使用者之间、各种再生水利用途径之间会发生竞争，部分用户的水权会受到影响。美国的水权制度对再生水利用的水权规定，倾向于不将污水的使用权纳入原来的水权体系，即作为独立的水资源种类在原有水权体系之外加以管理。只要不违反原有水权对排放地点的规定，且排放减少不造成下游经济和环境的严重损失，一些州规定污水可以由污水处理厂再生利用，另一些州则规定可以在排入河道后发放许可证由其他用户再生利用。
Shanghai's pilot reform will focus on improving state asset management, retooling the authorized management of state-owned capital and stimulating self-motivation in SOE employees.
Shenzhen will concentrate on improving the effi ciency of stateowned capital and enhancing the vitality of SOEs, while focusing on establishing a state-owned assets management system and a stateowned enterprise management mechanism, which is designed to meet the requirements of the socialist market economy.
For Shenyang, the reforms are centered on revitalizing northeast China's old industrial base, swift and steady mixed-ownership reshuffl ing and stronger vitality, as well as the risk resistance of the state-owned economy.
From 2013 to 2018, the total assets of the enterprises under the SASAC surged from 85.4 trillion yuan ($12.4 trillion) to 180.7 trillion yuan ($26.2 trillion), with an annual growth rate of 16.2 percent.
During the same period, their combined profi ts jumped from 2.2 trillion yuan ($318.7 billion) to 3.4 trillion yuan ($492.6 billion), an average annual growth of 9.3 percent.
NEV Charging Poles
Four of China's leading property developers have teamed up with the State Grid Corp. of China in setting up new-energy vehicle (NEV) charging poles for some 8.7 million households.
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Matrix
China has the world's largest network of NEV charging facilities, with 1 million charging poles installed by the end of June.
Property giant Evergrande Group and the State Grid jointly launched a smart energy services company in Shenzhen, south China's Guangdong Province, earlier this month to install NEV charging poles for each parking space in residential communities.
Other real estate developers, including Country Garden, Vanke and Sunac, have also joined in the venture, extending the charging services to 5,468 communities operated by the four developers and covering an estimated 31 million residents.
NEV owners in these communities can scan a QR code and pay, while charging poles automatically complete the charge when power demand is low.
Evergrande's previous NEVrelated projects include a $2-billion subsidiary and three NEV production bases in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou with an investment of 160 billion yuan ($23.25 billion).
A worker checks on chickens at a farm in Zaoqiang County in Shijiazhuang, north China's Hebei Province, on July 29. In recent years, Zaoqiang has explored new ways of industrial poverty alleviation, providing free baby chicks to locals for large-scale farming.
Fintech Winner
The adoption rate of fi nancial technology in China's small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) ranked fi rst in the world, according to the Global FinTech Adoption Index 2019 report released by Ernst & Young Global Ltd.
The adoption rate of fi ntech in China's SMEs reached 61 percent, while that in the United States was in second at 23 percent.
SMEs in emerging markets are particularly heavy users of banking and payment services, with 63 percent using services in that category. In China, the rate is 92 percent.
The consumer fi ntech adoption rate in China was 87 percent, far ahead of the global average of 64 percent, which indicates the wide application of fi nancial platforms and ecosystems in China.
Money transfer and payment is the most common category. In China, where money transfer and payment apps are pervasive, the adoption rate is 95 percent.
首先是让教师掌握微格教学的训练方法、教学技能的功能和行为模式，并让教师组成一个教学小组，亲身体会微格教学的基本流程和精髓。
The report was based on online surveys of more than 27,000 consumers in 27 countries and regions and 1,000 SMEs in the United States, the UK, China, Mexico and South Africa.
某水库工程流域集雨面积0.561km2，现状正常蓄水位371.85m，正常库容55.6万m3，设计洪水位372.33m，对应库容61.9万m3，校核洪水位372.58m，总库容65.3万m3，兴利库容35.3m3。该水库是一座以农业灌溉为主的小（2）型水库，设计灌溉面积33.33hm2，有效灌溉面积8.53hm2，枢纽工程主要由大坝、溢洪道、放水设施3部分组成。现状水库大坝为均质土坝，坝顶高程373.10m，坝顶宽4.5m，坝高11.1m，坝底高程362.00m，无防浪墙；大坝上游坝坡坡比1∶1.65，下游坝坡坡比1∶1.75，排水棱体顶部高程364.50m，排水棱体干砌石结构，坡比1∶1。
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Entry and Exit
A police offi cer checks the IDs of workers entering the berthing area for foreign ferries at the Immigration Inspection Station of Tangshan, north China's Hebei Province, on July 29. This year, measures have been taken to reduce berthing time of incoming ships and to improve the speed and effi ciency of customs clearance.
Transport Digitalization
Thanks to the country's huge market demand, the latest mobility technologies have been most commonly applied and developed in China, according to senior management at the German transportation fi rm Siemens Mobility.
Future transport will be connected, autonomous and electric, and China has many advantages in transport innovation, including supportive policies, clear development plans and fast execution, Jurgen Model, CEO of Siemens Mobility Greater China, told Xinhua News Agency in an interview.
He observed that China is one of the leaders in the development and application of autonomous driving technologies which have now been tested in 16 cities. “The commercial use of 5G wireless technologies will accelerate its industrial application,” he said.
第一阶段主要面向进入公司不足5年的新员工。培训项目包括财务管理、技术领导、六西格玛质量标准等，让他们顺利完成角色转变，快速胜任工作岗位。
According to Model, the company has been serving the Chinese market for about 120 years, with a presence in seven cities and over 1,300 employees. It set up a research and development (R&D) center for mass transit signaling innovation in southeast China's Fuzhou in 2017, and established a local digital mobility team dedicated to providing customized digital solutions to Chinese customers last year.
The company is also planning to set up a 5G R&D center for road traffi c to support the development and application of transport management, autonomous driving and other technologies, he added.
第五，医疗旅游公共服务体系。政府加大基础设施建设力度，提供便捷、安全、快速的旅游交通服务；确保旅游目的地的安全，提高当地旅游公共服务的便利化、国际化水平等。
“We feel very welcome as an international company to invest and settle in China. The environment is increasingly open and supportive, particularly over the past two years,” Model said.
“The development speed and scale of the transport sector is mindblowing, especially in the highspeed railway and metro fi elds,” he said.
Resilient Consumption
“The swinging grid fi ns were used to control the rocket debris' direction,” Cui Zhaoyun, deputy chief designer of the Long March-2C , said. Controlling where large and medium-sized rockets land is much more diffi cult than that of small rockets, he added.
About 78 percent of the 3,000 respondents reported an increase in salaries, rising from the previous 75 percent, according to the latest China consumer survey released by global investment bank UBS.
网宿科技的主营业务是CDN（内容分发网络），1998年，CDN自国外引入，网宿科技靠前期对市场机会的敏感捕捉和对市场的深耕，经过几年时间的发展，一举成长为国内CDN的龙头企业。当时整个市场形成了以网宿科技和蓝汛双寡头垄断的格局体系。之后，随着互联网的飞速发展，CDN规模快速增长，腾讯及阿里以价格战强势切入战场，延续到今日。
Meanwhile, more property owners saw appreciation of their property value in the past two years, while nearly 70 percent of respondents reported a better fi nancial situation, and 55 percent felt very well protected fi nancially, both higher percentages.
为了讨论方便,不妨设|α|=min{|α|,|β|,|γ|,|δ|}。收到Charlie的信息后,Alice 和Bob合作并引进一个处理初始态|0〉C辅助粒子C,再对粒子3、4和粒子C施行一个基于计算基{|000〉,|001〉,|010〉,|011〉,|100〉,|101〉,|110〉,|111〉}34c的酉变换U1如下:
Some low-income families reported that personal income tax cuts have helped to ease household tax burdens. About 33 percent of respondents increased consumption in the past 12 months on a net basis, higher than the previous 21 percent.
Rehabilitation programs are underway to provide medical care for orphans suffering from diseases or disabilities.
The China-U.S. trade friction seems to have had little adverse impact on consumer spending, consumer confi dence and consumer fi nance, according to the survey.
Respondents' confi dence in their future income, fi nancial situation and protection over the next 12 months remained robust.
UBS said this confi dence should support consumption, albeit at a slower pace.
Chinese consumers are more willing to increase spending in the next 12 months on quality of life related items, such as sports, education, travel and healthcare, and are willing to defer less pressing items such as auto purchases, the report showed.
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Heat Economy
A worker sorts samples for testing in Turpan, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, on July 17. More automobile enterprises are choosing Xinjiang as their primary destination for extreme heat testing.
CHINESE OFFICERS PROMOTED
Li Shangfu , Director of the Central Military Commission (CMC) Equipment Development Department, was promoted to the rank of general, which is the highest rank for offi cers in active service in China.
Born in Chengdu, southwest China's Sichuan Province, in February 1958, Li has been working in the fi eld of aerospace since graduating from the National University of Defense Technology in 1982.
Nine other senior Chinese military and armed police offi cers were promoted along with Li at a CMC ceremony in Beijing where President Xi Jinping, also Chairman of the CMC, presented the offi cers with certifi -cates of order on July 31.
The promotions were announced ahead of the 92nd anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army on August 1. Xi also recently gave citations and honorary titles to several military units and service members.
Using Short Videos Wisely People's Daily July 24 Watching short videos on their smartphones is already part of the daily life of young people, including a large number of students. Short videos offer rich and diverse content, meeting users' demand for new information within minutes or even seconds. These young users not only watch but also make short videos. In this sense, short videos offer a platform for them to express themselves, enabling instant social networking.
However, it must be pointed out that the content of short videos is often mixed, and some might have a bad impact on adolescents who are still too young to tell good from bad.
Earlier this year, the Cyberspace Administration of China launched an antiaddiction mechanism on popular short video platforms. The mechanism restricts the time adolescents can play online, and the contents and services they can access.
Short videos are not all evil. If monitoring platforms, families, schools and watchdogs cooperate, short videos can be an effective tool for young people to acquire knowledge and enjoy healthy entertainment. For this, the monitoring platforms must strengthen content censorship to shield adolescents from inappropriate information and provide them with helpful content. And watchdogs must regulate this industry carefully to standardize its development.
“We hope that Hong Kong will move past the political contentiousness as soon as possible and instead concentrate on developing its economy and improving people's livelihood.”
Yang Guang, spokesperson for the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Offi ce of the State Council, at a news conference on the Central Government's view of recent events in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on July 29
“China believes the consultation on the Code of Conduct (COC) in the South China Sea could be concluded in time as long as China and the ASEAN countries work together and trust each other.”
Wang Yi, Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister, speaking at a press conference on July 31, after attending the ASEAN-China Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Bangkok
Leaving Poverty Behind Lookout Weekly July 29
In April, three ethnic minority groups in southwest China's Yunnan Province, the Derung, Jino and De'ang, announced that they had shaken off poverty. These groups now have entered a prosperous society in all aspects since the 1950s. Their success is a big victory in China's fight against poverty and a milestone in the human history of fi ghting poverty.
These ethnic minorities mostly lived in mountainous areas with little arable land and were cut off from the rest of the country. They were the most impoverished, vulnerable and special groups in Yunnan or even in China. In 2015, the total population of the three groups was 2.33 million, out of which 667,500 were registered as impoverished. Their communities had underdeveloped social systems and low productivity. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, they mostly lived by hunting and foraging wild plants. Some of them had no concept of numbers, commodities or the currency. In 2003, the illiteracy rate among these groups was as high as 36 percent, with an average education of less than four years.
On January 20, 2015, President Xi Jinping visited Yunnan and stressed that all ethnic groups should work together to live a moderately prosperous life. Following that, help began pouring in. Officials and volunteers also came to stay in the villages to help with poverty reduction work, or teach locals to read and write. In 2016, Yunnan began to implement its 2016-20 poverty alleviation program, focusing on six areas: capacity enhancement, labor export, housing, nurturing characteristic industries, infrastructure, and ecological environmental protection.
Supported by all these measures, today the ethnic groups have stepped into a prosperous society in all aspects, surmounting mountains of deep-rooted poverty.
Cultural Activities at Night Guangming Daily July 29 When the Shanghai Museum recently began to stay open in the evening, the 2,000-visitors' quota for the evening ran out in 15 minutes. This surging enthusiasm for a cultural night life was totally unexpected. So now to meet this demand, Shanghai has also launched other cultural programs in the evening.
During the day, the vast majority of people don't have time for any cultural life and there is a lack of such day-time activities on weekdays. However, after a day's hard work, to have fun at night is a very enjoyable thing. In this sense, night is a golden time for cultural activities.
In many cities, local city managers have sensed this kind of need and the nighttime economy has become a common phenomenon. Some cities have already worked out policies to develop their nighttime economy. The problem now is that although people's demand for a rich evening life is being met, the forms of nocturnal activities are limited. They are mostly commercial activities like snacking and going to the movies. There is yet to be more highquality cultural activities. Most museums, art galleries and libraries close at around 5 p.m.
The role of cultural venues like museums is irreplaceable in terms of improving people's cultural taste and quality. Their absence in people's evening life is a pity. If more such venues are open at night so that people can go to libraries to borrow and read books, visit museums, attend salons or educational activities, it will greatly improve the entire society's cultural quality.
EX-CHAIR OF BANK UNDER INVESTIGATION
Hu Huaibang , former chairman of the China Development Bank (CDB), has been put under investigation for suspected severe discipline and law violations, an offi cial statement said on July 31.
Hu, also former secretary of the CDB committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), is being investigated by the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission, according to the statement.
Born in September 1955 in Luyi, central China's Henan Province, Hu became chairman of the CDB in 2013. He was followed by Zhao Huan who was appointed chairman in September 2018.
The CDB was founded in 1994 as a policy fi nancial institution under the direct leadership of the State Council. It was incorporated as China Development Bank Corporation in December 2008, and offi cially defined by the State Council as a development finance institution in March 2015.
“We advocate a common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security concept. We also advocate a road of common construction, sharing and win win security, and actively participate in international security dialogues and exchanges.”
Wang Yang, Military Attaché at the Chinese Embassy in Kenya, at an event celebrating the 92nd anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army at the Embassy on July 30
“Policies including tax and fee cuts and the targeted reduction of the reserve requirement ratio have helped ease the burden on companies and stabilize their confidence.”
Zhao Qinghe, senior statistician with the National Bureau of Statistics, in a recent interview with China Daily , regarding the offi cial purchasing managers' index for China's manufacturing sector, which rose to 49.7 in July